Quiz 1 Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is a psychological disorder?
Behavioral, psychological, or biological dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural context and associated with present distress and/or impairment in functioning, or increased risk of suffering, death, pain, or impairment
Aspects of psychological disorders
Behavioral, psychological, biological
What are the Four D’s?
Deviance, distress, dysfunction, danger
What are the three historical traditions to explain abnormal behavior?
Supernatural, biological (somatogenic), psychological (psychogenic)
Who is Paraclesus?
A Swiss physician who believed that mental health was affected by the moon and stars, founder of astrology and the root of the term “lunatic”
What were the supernatural beliefs for why mental illness happened?
Demonic possession, witchcraft, sorcery
What are the four humors/four personality types?
The blood, phlegm, black and yellow bile
Treatment for supernatural causes of mental illness
Exorcism, torture/death, religious services
Treatment for biological reasons for mental illness
Bloodletting, vomiting
What did Pasteur put forth for the biological mental illness belief?
Studied syphilis and found that patients with syphilis and malaria were getting better, injected blood tainted with malaria into people with syphilis, believed bacteria killed the fever
What were John P. Grey’s findings?
That mental illness has physical roots and believed that we needed to treat them as sick people rather than putting them in an asylum
What is moral therapy?
Therapy in which you take account of the psychological/emotional factors of mental illness
Dorothea Dix
Brought moral therapy and used customized treatments for each patient that came to her based on their problem
Why did moral therapy fail?
Not sustainable, too many ill people and not enough time to give to each of them
Freud’s structure of the mind and what each part does
ID = pleasure principle, wants and desires
Super-Ego = critical and moralizing role
Ego = reality principle, balances the other two
What are each of Freud’s psychosexual stages of development?
Oral stage = pleasure centers around the mouth
Anal stage = pleasure focuses on the anus
Phallic stage = pleasure moves to the genitals
Latency stage = repression of sexual interest to develop social and intellectual skills
Genital stage = a time of sexual reawakening, source of sexual pleasure becomes someone outside of the family
What were Maslow’s hierarchy of needs from bottom to top?
Physiological needs = food, water, etc
Safety = security
Belongingness and love = intimate relationships, friends
Esteem = prestige and feeling of accomplishment
Self-actualization = achieving one’s full potential
The Emmanuel Movement and Reverend Worcester
Belief that if one lets people come and just talk to them and just listen, they might feel better
Franz Anton Mesmer
Mesmerism, hysterical symptoms being caused by imbalances in universal magnetic fluid, roots in hypnotism
Cathartic method
Belief that reliving traumatic events can help people gain insight and relief from these events
What is the multidimensional model?
A model that takes a collection of all the factors (biological, psychological, physiological) as part of mental illness
What are all the factors of the multidimensional model?
Behavioral, biological, social, emotional, developmental
What is heritability?
The change over generations of the various genes in the population
Direct vs indirect effects of genes
Direct = things such as eye color or height
Indirect = things caused by direct effects, how we interact with our environment
