Quiz 1 Flashcards
(55 cards)
What parts make up the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
Name the lobes on the brain
Frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital
Name the functions of the frontal lobe
Executive control and motor function
Name the functions of the temporal lobe
Hearing perception, memory, smell, and taste
Name the functions of the parietal lobe
Tactile and spacial perception
Name the functions of the occipital lobe
Visual perception
What is mentalism?
a dualistic model where the mind (a nonmaterial one) directs behavior/body
What is dualism?
the mind-body problem
What is materialism?
The brain (an organ- tangible) drives behavior (another dualistic model)
What methods exist to study the brain and behaviour connections?
Animal models, human models, and imaging
Describe animal models in the relation to B&B
Darwin had ideas about evolution and the sharing of brain structures
across species. Making inferences about the human brain from studies with animals
became feasible.
Lesion studies – animal training on a function (learning or memory) and then
their brain was lesioned (cut). Their behavior was observed after the lesioning (did the animal
still remember the tasks they learned?). Is this the same pattern that we saw in brain injured
patients?
Describe human models in relation to B&B
much of what we have learned about the brain, we learned from brain
injured patients and then we observed their behavior over time (case studies). From these observations we made inferences about what the brain does. Through studying problems with the brain, we
hypothesized about non-damaged brains.
What is the functional organization of the nervous system?
Nervous system -> CNS -> brain and spinal cord -> PNS
What are the Brain’s surface features?
Gyri (bumps) and Sulci (grooves)
What are the directional terms around the brain?
Dorsal to ventral, anterior to posterier, and lateral to medial
What are the meninges?
The first layer past the skull. The main function of these layers is in their protective nature from physical dangers as well as infection (infection = meningitis)
What are the three layers of the meninges?
(from outer-most to inner-most) dura mater, arachnoid layer, pia mater
What are the ventricles?
The four ventricles (left lateral, right lateral, third, and fourth) are the cavities inside the brain structure filled with cerebral spinal fluid (CSF).
What is CSF and what is its function?
CSF (colorless solution of sodium, chloride, and ions) suspends the brain, acts as a shock absorber, and provides a chemically stable environment for the brain to function. absorbed in the subarachnoid layer of the meninges
Explain contralateral control and what structure(s) are associated with it
Contralateral control makes each hemisphere control the muscles on the opposing side of the body. The Pons is responsible via axons crossing over in this structure
What are lamina? Explain laminar structure.
Lamina are the neocortical layer containing different cell types. The desity in each of the 6 layers varies along with the appearance of the cells
What is the function of the ventricular system?
Circulation of CSF
Identify and locate the 8 views of the brain
Dorsal, ventral, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, sagittal, coronal
What is neuroplasticity?
The nervous system’s potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury
