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EC > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Design Phases

A
  • CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
  • SCHEMATIC DESIGN
  • DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
  • CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS
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2
Q

*Design Intent

A
  • GENERAL AND PRINCIPAL GOALS FOR THE DESIGN PROCESS TO ACHIEVE
  • ALLOWS THE DESIGN TEAM TO IDENTIFY THE MOST CRITICAL OUTCOMES OF THE DESIGN PROCESS
  • GIVES DIRECTION TO THE PROCESS
  • OUTLINES SPECIAL GOALS FROM THE START
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3
Q

*Benchmarks (Design Criteria)

A
  • ALLOWS GENERALIZATIONS TO BECOME CLEARLY DEFINED
  • BASIS FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE DESIGN PROCESS AND ITS OUTCOME
  • ALLOWS QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION
  • HELPS TO MEASURE PROGRESS
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4
Q

*Implementation Methods

A
  • BUILDING COMPONENTS, EQUIPMENT, ETC.
    • DESIGN PROCESS SHOULD INITIALLY CONSIDER MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS
    • METHODS NEED TO BE APPROPRIATE TO THE SPECIFIC CONTEXT, CLIMATE, PROGRAM AND DESIGN
    INTENT
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5
Q

*Design Tools

A
  • MEANS FOR EVALUATING AND/OR COMPARING VARIOUS IMPLEMENTATION METHODS; AND MEETING
    BENCHMARKS
  • TYPES OF TOOLS USED NEED TO MATCH THE PURPOSE OF THE EVALUATION
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6
Q

Design Strategies

A

Code compliance
Energy efficiency
Green building
Carbon-neutral
Sustainably
Regenerative
Ecological footprint

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7
Q

I-P

A

Inch-pounds

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8
Q

SI

A

international system of units

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9
Q

BTU

A

British Thermal Units (energy)

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10
Q

BTU/H

A

British thermal units per hour (Energy)

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11
Q

power

A

rate of energy usage

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12
Q

Energy

A

product of power and time
energy = power x time

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13
Q

1st law of thermodynamics

A

CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
- ENERGY/MATTER CAN NEITHER BE CREATED NOR DESTROYED

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14
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics

A

LAW OF INCREASED ENTROPY (MEASURE OF DISORDER)
- TENDENCY TOWARD DISORDER THAT IS PART OF THE NORMAL NATURE OF THINGS
- UNAVOIDABLE LOSSES

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15
Q

Peak Oil

A

THE POINT IN TIME WHEN THE MAXIMUM RATE OF GLOBAL PETROLEUM EXTRACTION IS
REACHED, AFTER WHICH THE RATE OF PRODUCTION ENTERS TERMINAL DECLINE

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16
Q

GHG

A

Greenhouse Gas

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17
Q

*EMBODIED ENERGY OF MATERIALS

A

Inherent energy captured within the product itself

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18
Q

diurnal

A

having a daily variation in daily cycle

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19
Q

*Bioclimatic Design

A

link between climate and comfort

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20
Q

*anthropogenic

A

due to human activity

21
Q

*Urban Heat Island Effect

A

BUILT UP AREAS THAT ARE HOTTER THAN NEARBY RURAL AREAS

22
Q

*Albedo

A

MEASURE OF A SURFACE’S REFLECTIVITY OF SOLAR RADIATION *pavement *roofs

23
Q

intensive green roof

A

high profile roof/garden

24
Q

extensive green roof

A

low profile… cheaper… not occupiable

25
Q

*sensible heat

A

THE ENERGY EXCHANGED BY A THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM THAT HAS AS ITS SOLE EFFECT A
CHANGE OF AIR TEMPERATURE (DRY BULB TEMPERATURE)

26
Q

*latent heat

A

THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY EXCHANGED THAT IS HIDDEN
• PRESENT WITHIN INCREASED MOISTURE IN AIR
• INCREASES WET BULB TEMPERATURE

27
Q

dry bulb temp

A

TEMPERATURE OF THE AMBIENT AIR AS MEASURED BY A STANDARD THERMOMETER

28
Q

wet bulb temp

A

(WB)

29
Q

AT 100% RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH), DRY-BULB (DB) AND WET-BULB (WB) TEMPERATURES ARE ____

A

equal

30
Q

sensible heat lost

A

radiant
convection
dry

31
Q

radiant heat loss

A

lost to cooler surfaces

32
Q

convection heat loss

A

LOSS TO COOLER AIR WHICH IS HEATED AND RISES

33
Q

DRY RESPIRATION LOSS

A

LOSS TO COOLER AIR THROUGH LUNGS

34
Q

latent heat loss

A

LATENT RESPIRATION HEAT LOSS
• WATER DIFFUSION THROUGH THE SKIN
• EVAPORATION OF SWEAT

35
Q

VASODILATATION

A

EXPANSION OF BLOOD VESSELS CLOSE TO SKIN EXPAND
• INCREASED HEAT FLOW TO SURROUNDINGS
(before sweating)

36
Q

*CLO

A

Clothing Insulation

37
Q

*MET

A

metabolic rate
RATE AT WHICH WE GENERATE HEAT DUE TO
- MUSCULAR ACTIVITY
- INTAKE OF DRINK AND FOOD
- DAILY CYCLE

38
Q

*dry bulb

A

air temperature
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MEASURED WITH AN INSTRUMENT SUCH AS A STANDARD THERMOMETER

39
Q

*MRT

A

mean radiant temperature
RADIANT TEMPERATURE OF SURROUNDING SURFACES

40
Q

*RH

A

Relative humidity
RATIO OF THE ACTUAL DENSITY OF WATER VAPOR IN AIR TO THE MAXIMUM DENSITY OF WATER
VAPOR THAT SUCH AIR COULD CONTAIN, AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE, IF IT WERE 100% SATURATED

41
Q

*air motion

A

AVERAGE SPEED OF THE AIR TO WHICH THE BODY IS EXPOSED

42
Q

ASHRAE

A

Thermal enviro conditions for human occupancy

43
Q

radiant asymmetry

A

uneven distribution of temperature

44
Q

mismatched thermal discomfort

A

people expect different environments based on things like the time of year

45
Q

best way to ensure thermal comfort

A

individual control

46
Q

*PMV

A

predicted mean vote
AN INDEX THAT PREDICTS THE MEAN VALUE OF THE VOTES OF A LARGE
GROUP OF PERSONS ON THE SEVEN POINT THERMAL SENSATION SCALE

47
Q

*PPD

A

predicted percentage of dissatisfied
AN INDEX THAT ESTABLISHES A QUANTITATIVE PREDICTION
OF THE PERCENTAGE OF THERMALLY DISSATISFIED PEOPLE DETERMINED FROM PMV

48
Q

chart used to determine thermal comfort

A

psychometric

49
Q

*Localized discomfort

A

OVERRIDES COMFORT EVEN UNDER THERMAL NEUTRALITY
• RADIANT ASYMMETRY
• DRAFTS
• CONTACT WITH COLD/HOT FLOORS
• VERTICAL TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES
• SENSITIVE PARTS OF BODY: CHEST, FINGERTIPS, CHIN, UPPER LIP, NOSE

EC (2 decks)

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