Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHIL 2501 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Why is it easy to understand the unity of the mind and body?

A

Because in the actions of ordinary life, we are already familiar with the phenomena of sensation and voluntary action, which demonstrates unity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is is difficult to understand the unity of the body and mind? (2pt)

A

According to Descarts, because we can only scientifically use one basic notion at a time, so when we ask about mind and body, we’re applying two different basic notions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are two kinds of knowledgeable we can have of mind?

A

(1) knowledge arising from the basic notion of thought
(2)Knowledge arising from the basic notion of the unity of thought and extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the key to thinking scientifically?

A

carefully use each basic notion only to explain the phenomena is properly applies to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a Basic Notion?

A

Templates on which all our other knowledge is based

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What question does Elisabeth pose to Descartes?

A

“Given that the soul of a human being is only a thinking substance, how can is affect the bodily spirits, inorder to bring about voluntary functions” –> How can an immaterial thing and a material thing interact?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why does Descartes think the functions of the mind are especially localized? (1pt)

A

The mind has to be associated with our anatomy so there must be sensory inputs and motor outputs coming from a central source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does Descartes think the functions of the mind are especially localized?

A

Pineal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why can the mind NOT be localized?

A

(1) Only extended things can be localized
(2) the mind is not an extended thing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why can the mind be localized? (2pts?)

A

There are mental functions that are associated with particular parts of the body (notably parts of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does Descartes mean when he speaks of the mind being the body as a ‘sailor is in a ship’?

A

It’s a metaphor that indicates that mind and body form a union. A sailor cannot feel the sea spray again a ship, but our mind can ‘feel’ the water if we dip our toe in it’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are two ways that the mind could possibly relate to the body?

A

Sensation and Voluntary Action?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do we know that there is a nature separate to extension according to Leibniz? (Response to Epicureanism)

A

(1) through internal experience we know that we are conscious
(2) consciousness can’t be explained by modifications of extension
.: there is a nature separate from extensions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Cartesian Dualism?

A

the thesis that there are two kinds of substance (body/mind) and that they are distinguished by possessing the natures of extension and thought

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a Nature/Essence?

A

Type of property that makes something a kind of thing (categorization) (ex: two coins in pocket; there are two substances and one nature)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a Property/Attribute?

A

a thing that exists in such a way that it does depend on something else for its existence

17
Q

What is Substance?

A

Technical term for a thing (it exists), it interacts with stuff (sweater)

18
Q

What is the definition of Thought according to Descartes?

A

Everything we are consciously aware of

19
Q

What do we learn about our experience from philosophy and the sciences?

A

We learn that what we perceive in experience are images in our mind rather than objects in the external world

20
Q

What is the natural instinct we have regarding the senses?

A

(1) That there is an external world whose nature and existence is independent from our experiences
(2) What we perceive in our experience is this external world

21
Q

What does ‘trite argument’ prove according to Hume?

A

That we cannot rely on senses alone but must correct our observations by rational consideration of relevant factors affecting them

22
Q

What is an example of a ‘trite’ argument for skepticism consequent to enquiry?

A

Straight objects look crooked when half-inserted in water

23
Q

What is the Skepticism Consequent to Enquiry?

A

is when we have reasons to be doubtful that result from our inquiries into the word

24
Q

What is the Skepticism Antecedent to Enquiry?

A

when we have reasons to be doubtful prior to engaging in our enquiries into the world

25
Q

Does Dreaming Skepticism suggest that there’s nothing we can be sure really exists?

A

According to Descartes, no, even in dreams we are certain something exists. Because all of our experiences (even in dreams) are composed of something.

26
Q

What is the General Testimony of the Senses?

A

That there are physical objects outside of us

27
Q

What is the Common Skepticism about the Senses?

A

That our senses can deceive us

28
Q

Do any of our ideas resemble anything in the objects that cause them?

A

Yes

29
Q

What is a Secondary Quality?

A

Qualities which are not in bodies themselves, but only in their relations to us (ex: colours, smells)

30
Q

What is a Primary Quality?

A

Qualities that are wholly inseparable from the object (ex: motion, extension)

31
Q

What is a Quality?

A

The power an object has to produce an idea in us

32
Q

What is an Idea?

A

What the mind perceives immediately in itself

33
Q

What is the definition of Understanding

A

Mind or conciousness

34
Q

What is the common Prejudice on Descartes thesis on sensation?

A

That our sensations are completely like the things that produce them

35
Q

What is Descartes thesis on sensation?

A

There can be a difference between our sensations and what produces our sensations/ they need not resemble one another

36
Q

What produces sensation?

A

Something in our objects perceived by our senses that causes us to have sensations of them

37
Q

What is sensation?

A

An idea we form in our imagination and through our senses

PHIL 2501 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions