quiz 1

Question 1

Phonetics and phonology

Answer 1

Sounds and their organization in a systemic way

Question 2

Grammar

Answer 2

Knowledge that the speaker himself has about his own language, and which allows him to codify and decodify utterances and messages.

Question 3

Morphology

Answer 3

Structure and rules to form words.

Question 4

Diachronic lingustics

Answer 4

describes and explains language through a LONG PERIOD OF TIME

Question 5

Reflexivity

Answer 5

Metalinguistics. The language can be used to refer to the language itself.

Question 6

Prevarication

Answer 6

To lie, to say messages that are not true

Question 7

Productivity

Answer 7

we can form an infinite number of sentences with already known elements

Question 8

Discreteness

Answer 8

infinite complex messages can be formed out of smaller (discrete) parts

Question 9

Arbitrariness

Answer 9

no correlation between the elements of the communicative system and the reality they refer to

Question 10

Cultural transmission

Answer 10

interactions with other users of the system is necessary to learn certain aspects of a culture

Question 11

Interchangeability

Answer 11

individuals can send and receive messages

Question 12

Pragmatic function

Answer 12

language has different purposes

Question 13

Semanticity

Answer 13

the signals have a meaning

Question 14

Medium of communication

Answer 14

how language is transmitted

Question 15

Displacement
Productivity
Prevarication
Reflexivity

Answer 15

Only HUMAN systems

Question 16

Some communication systems

Answer 16

Interchangeability
Cultural transmission
Arbitrariness
Discreteness

Question 17

All communication systems:

Answer 17

Medium of communication
Semanticity
Pragmatic function

Question 18

Descriptive

Answer 18

How language IS. Priority to the spoken language.

Question 19

Prescriptive

Answer 19

How language SHOULD BE. Belief that there is an ideal state of language. Priority is written language.

Question 20

Elements of communication (in order)

Answer 20

1. Idea
2. Encode message
3. message transmitted (medium)
4. Message recieved
5. Decode message
6. Idea

Question 21

Lexical

Answer 21

Vocabulary

Question 22

Linguistics

Answer 22

Discipline that studies the human language

Question 23

Performance

Answer 23

The real use of the speaker’s competence.

Question 24

Semantics

Answer 24

Rules that regulate and explain the meaning of words and sentences.

Question 25

Sociolinguistics

Answer 25

Science that studies the linguistic differences according to the different social classes, religions, races, etc.

Question 26

Language is a system

Answer 26

it is a group of signs related among themselves.

Question 27

Synchronic studies

Answer 27

Description of a language in a specific moment in time.

Question 28

Pragmatics

Answer 28

It studies how certain words and sentences, expressed in a specific context, show the intent of a speaker.

Question 29

Prescriptive grammar

Answer 29

Describes and codifies the 'correct way' to use a language. It classifies the elements of a language according to their relation to logical categories.

Question 30

Competence

Answer 30

According to Chomskys model, it is the linguistic knowledge as it is represented in their brain (lexical, phonetics and phonology, morphology, syntax..)

Question 31

Syntax

Answer 31

Structure of sentences and the rules to form correct them.