Quiz 1

Question 1

What is the Scientific method

Answer 1

a method of procedure that has characterized natural science consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.

Question 1

What is a dependent variable

Answer 1

a variable whose value depends on that of another

Question 2

What is a independent variable

Answer 2

a variable (often denoted by x ) whose variation does not depend on that of another.

Question 3

What is a control variable

Answer 3

A control variable in scientific experimentation is an experimental element which is constant and unchanged throughout the course of the investigation.

Question 4

List & describe the 8 characteristics of life:

Answer 4

reproduction: sexual or asexual process of creating a new organism with cells from two or one parent

genetic information: All the information present in a cell, an organism possesses to survive is known as genetic information.

cellular organization:
growth and development: response to stimuli:signal from which an organism responds

adaptation through evolution: the adjustment of organisms to their environment in order to improve their chances at survival in that environment

homeostasis: the state of steady internal, physical, chemical, and social conditions maintained by living systems

metabolism: the chemical reactions in the body’s cells that change food into energy

response to stimuli:

has cells:

Question 5

Are viruses living or nonliving? Why/why not?

Answer 5

Most biologists say no. Viruses are not made out of cells, they can’t keep themselves in a stable state, they don’t grow, and they can’t make their own energy.

Question 6

Are bacteria living or nonliving? Why/why not?

Answer 6

are living organisms that consist of single cell that can generate energy, make its own food, move, and reproduce

Question 7

Abiotic definition:

Answer 7

nonliving

Question 8

Biotic definition

Answer 8

living

Question 9

Levels of biology:
Cats
Take
Objects
Of
People
Cause
Everyone
Blames
Bats

Answer 9

Cats ———-> cells
Take———–> tissue
Objects——-> organ system
Of—————> organism
People——–>population
Cause———> community
Everyone—–> ecosystem
Blames——–> biome
Bats————-> biosphere

Question 10

what are electrons?

Answer 10

a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity

Question 11

What is a neutron?

Answer 11

a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge

Question 12

What is a proton?

Answer 12

a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge

Question 13

What is a nucleus?

Answer 13

the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.

Question 14

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 14

a form of chemical connection in which one atom loses valence electrons and gains them from another

Question 15

what is a covalent bond?

Answer 15

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms.

Question 16

What is a hydrogen bond

Answer 16

the attraction between a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge and another atom with partial negative charge

Question 17

Polarity

Answer 17

the property of having poles or being polar

Question 18

cohesion

Answer 18

attraction of the same molecules of the same substance

Question 19

Adhesion

Answer 19

the binding of two or more cells together of different substances

Question 20

Heat Capacity

Answer 20

the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a given amount of matter by 1°C

Question 21

Universal Solvent

Answer 21

water

Question 22

Capillary Action

Answer 22

the tendency of a liquid in a capillary tube or absorbent material to rise or fall as a result of surface tension. Adhesion and cohesion

Question 23

pH scale:

Answer 23

ranges from 0 to 14 at the 7 concentration of H+ and OH- is equal below 7 is acid and above us basic or alkaline

Question 24

acidity:

Answer 24

the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 25

acids taste______

Answer 25

sour

Question 26

Bases taste______

Answer 26

bitter

Question 27

Both acids and bases have the ability to...

Answer 27

harm organisms and damage materials

Question 28

Why are acids and bases important:

Answer 28

enzymes can only do their job at a particular pH cells secrete acids and bases to maintain pH

Question 29

Structure & Function of: Carbohydrate

Answer 29

used to store short term energy and release energy and for structural support CHO monosaccharides Carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) and have the general Cx(H2O)y formula

Question 30

Structure & Function of: Lipid

Answer 30

macromolecules that provide stored long term energy CHO a glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophobic), and a phosphate group (hydrophilic

Question 31

Structure & Function of: Protein (amino acids)

Answer 31

muscle development, immune system CHON amino acids polypeptide structures consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues

Question 32

Structure & Function of: Nucleic Acid (nucleotides)

Answer 32

DNA RNA coding of traits CHONP long chainlike molecules composed of a series of nearly identical building blocks called nucleotides.

Question 33

Function of Enzymes:

Answer 33

break things down over time or build them up can be used over and over again speed up reaction because they are catalysts have an ideal temperature and pH

Question 34

Enzyme/Substrate Complex:

Answer 34

Pacman (enzyme) and balls(substrate) binded together with a active site

Question 35

Activation Energy:

Answer 35

the minimum quantity of energy which the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.

Question 36

Denaturing an Enzyme:

Answer 36

when you go above or below the essential pH or temperature of an enzyme shape distorted, no longer works correctly

Question 37

How to Create a lab report to document an experiment:

Answer 37

title, abstract, introduction, methods and materials, results, discussion, conclusion, and references

Question 38

List and describe the eight characteristics of all living things:

Answer 38

Cells Tissue Organ System Organisms Community Population biome Biosphere

Question 39

Describe and provide examples of each biological level of organization:

Answer 39

Cells: smallest structural unit of an organism people are made of cells Tissue: cats use muscle tissue organ system: we use our stomachs to digest food organisms: ants are small but mighty organisms population: all same species: school community: different species together: barn filled with people dogs cats cows ecosystem: town filled with wood plants concrete people dogs biome: mountains biosphere: the crust of the earth

Question 40

Identify parts of the atom and describe the two main types of chemical bonds:

Answer 40

ionic and covalent bonds: - ionic an electron is transferred - covalent an electron is shared a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. Nucleus contains protons and neutrons

Question 41

Explain the unique properties of water and how water interacts with other substances:

Answer 41

Water is polar. Water is an excellent solvent. Water has high heat capacity. Water has high heat of vaporization. Water has cohesive and adhesive properties. Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid. Water sticks to other substances

Question 42

Describe the structure and function of all four macromolecules:

Answer 42

ALL ARE CARBON BASED AND ESSENTIAL TO LIVING. THE MORE CARBON IN A MOLECULE THE MORE ENERGY Carbohydrates: monosaccharides, quick energy, CHO Lipids: macromolecules, CHO, stored long-term energy Proteins: CHON, muscle development and immune system strength, amino acids Nucleic Acids: nucleotides, CHONP, DNA and RNA (holds genetic code),

Question 43

Define enzyme, explain factors impacting an enzyme’s ability to function and provide examples of enzymes in action:

Answer 43

Enzyme: a natural catalyst of natural reactions, breaks down or builds up, has ideal pH and temperature, denatured if out of ideal pH or temp ex: lactose is a sugar that lactase (enzyme) breaks down