Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GEOLOGY > QUIZ 1 > Flashcards

QUIZ 1 Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Branch of Natural science deals with the study of the Earth

A

GEOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is also known as Earth science.

A

GEOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Geologists study the _____ to determine whether it is stable enough to support the
proposed project

A

land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

APPLICATIONS OF GEOLOGY

A

-MAPPING
-EXPLORATION
-PROJECT PLANNING
-SURFACE WATER
-GROUND WATER
-SLOPE STABILITY
-GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES
-TUNNELING
-EARTHQUAKES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The engineering geologist has to prepare a geological map of the area based on aerial photo and
satellite imagery interpretation and field observation. Subsurface geological features are also mapped

A

MAPPING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In this stage the engineering geologist explore the area based on exploration techniques. The
engineering geologist works from the planning stage. Supervise the exploration works and record he
data for further interpretation.

A

EXPLORATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

is the most important aspect in civil engineering. The civil engineer plans the various
stages. The engineering geologists plans and prepares geologic feasibility and developmental
parameters reports, which are useful to the civil engineer for planning the project schedule.

A

PROJECT PLANNING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The engineering geologist and the civil engineer together prepare _______ mapping. Both study
the volume of total runoff, drainage basin characteristics and sedimentary process in the basin.

A

SURFACE WATER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

r is the major problem in the majority of civil engineering works. The engineering
geologist studies in detail the occurrence, movement, structural controls and hydro geological
properties of the rocks.

A

GROUND WATER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Geological parameters of possible slide regions are studied

A

SLOPE STABILITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Field investigation is carried out for selection of a suitable area.

A

GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Detailed surface-subsurface studies are conducted and surface and subsurface maps are prepared.
The engineering geologist and the civil engineer conduct in-site tests for foundation materials,
supervise the construction methods and monitor the structure after completion of the work.

A

GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The tunnel site selected is based on a detailed study of the region. The civil engineer and the geologist
have to conduct in-site tests for estimation of weathered zone thickness, depth of hard rock, structural
features etc

A

TUNNELING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The engineering geologist studies the seismic nature of the project site. He examines the seismic
zoning map of the country, evaluates active and inactive faults and keeps the historical record of the
earthquake of the region in which the civil engineer will prepare a seismic design of structure.

A

EARTHQUAKES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

_______ provides a systematic knowledge of construction material, its occurrence,
composition, durability and other properties.

A

geology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

BRANCHES OF GEOLOGY

A
  • Physical Geology
    -Cristallography
    -Mineralogy
    -Petrology
    -Historical Geology
    -Economic Geology
    -Mining Geology
    -Geology Engineering
    -Geohydrology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The knowledge of the geological work of natural agencies such as ________________________________helps in planning and carrying out major civil engineering works.

A

water, wind, ice and
earthquakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

It is concerned with “various processes of physical agents such as wind, water, glaciers, and
sea waves,” which are constantly modifying the Earth

A

Physical Geology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

deals with the study of crystal structures. It plays a vital role in recognizing minerals

A

Crystallography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

concerned with the origin, composition, properties and structure of minerals.

A

Mineralogy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the study of rocks and the processes that form and transform them

A

Petrology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

examines the vastness of geologic time, measured in billions of years, and
investigates changes in the Earth, gradual and sudden, over this deep time.

A

Historical Geology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Deals with Earth materials that can be used for economic or industrial development purposes.

A

Economic Geology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

This branch of geology deals with the study of application of geology to mining engineering in
such a way that selection of suitable sites for quarrying and mines can be determined.

A

Mining Geology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
It deals with all the geological problems that arise in the field of civil engineering along with suitable treatments.
Geology Engineering
12
The study of movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth and of the planets, including the hydrologic cycle, water resources and environmental watershed sustainability
Hydrology
13
is only the fifth largest planet in the solar system, it is the only world in our solar system with liquid water on the surface
Earth
13
The name Earth is a Germanic word, which simply means “_______”
the ground.
14
The structure of the earth is divided into four major components:
the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core.
14
” describes the outermost shell of a terrestrial planet
Crust
15
Earth's crust is generally divided into
older, thicker continental crust younger, denser oceanic crust
16
convergent boundaries occur when a tectonic plate primarily composed of oceanic lithosphere collides with a plate with continental lithosphere.
OCEANIC-CONTINENTAL
17
the outermost layer of Earth's lithosphere makes up the planet's continents and continental shelves and formed near subduction zones at plate boundaries between continental and oceanic tectonic plates.
CONTINENTAL CRUST
18
sits between Earth's dense, very hot core and its thin outer layer, the crust
Mantle
19
plays an important role in the evolution of the crust and provides the thermal and mechanical driving forces for plate tectonics
Mantle
20
extends from the crust to a depth of about 410 kilometers (255 miles). The _____ is mostly solid, but its more malleable regions contribute to tectonic activity.
upper mantle
21
Two parts of the upper mantle are often recognized as distinct regions in Earth's interior:
the lithosphere and the asthenosphere.
22
called the asthenosphere and it is softer and weaker, particularly in its upper portion where a small amount of melting can occur.
lower mantle
23
starts around 5,000 km below the surface of the planet, and is thought to be made of solid iron and nickel, due to the extreme pressure forcing the atoms of the metal to pack together.
inner core
24
The core is made of two layers
INNER CORE OUTER CORE
25
The boundary separating inner and outer core regions is called
Bullen discontinuity
25
Earth's core is responsible for the generation of Earth's ______________
magnetic field
26
The southern part of the supercontinent comprising the Africa, Antarctica, Australia, South America.
GONDWANALAND
26
-This theory states that all the continents were once one large landmass that broke down apart, and where the pieces moved slowly to their current locations.
CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY
26
continents were once part of a large landmass called
PANGEA
27
2 PARTS OF THE PANGEA
LAURASIA and GONDWANALAND
27
During the Jurassic period, the Pangea began to split into two smaller supercontinents called
LAURASIA and GONDWANALAND
28
The northern part of the supercontinent comprising the Europe, North America, and Asia
LAURASIA
29
Geologic process that continually adds new material to the ocean floor while pushing old rocks away from the mid ocean ridge
SEA FLOOR SPREADING
29
a sounding gear helpful for exploring and mapping the ocean floor with the use of sound waves.
SONAR
30
A theory that combines the idea of continental drift and sea floor spreading
PLATE TECTONIC THEORY
31
is a scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of Earth’s subterranean movements
PLATE TECTONIC THEORY
31
According to this theory, the lithosphere is broken up into section or pieces that move on top of the liquid mantle (asthenosphere).
PLATE TECTONIC THEORY
32
PLATES ON EARTH
Major plates Intermediate plates
33
Eurasian, African, Australian- Indian, North America, Pacific, Antarctica, and South America
MAJOR PLATES
34
Caribbean, Cocoa, Nazca, Arabian, Philippine, Juan de Fuca, and Scotia.
INTERMEDIATE PLATES
35
Areas in which tectonic plate meets
PLATE BOUNDARY
36
All tectonic plates share boundaries with other tectonic plates
PLATE BOUNDARY
37
Type of plate boundaries
1. DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES 2. CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES 3. TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARIES
37
The type of boundary depends on how the tectonic plates move relative to one another.
PLATE BOUNDARY
38
- the two plates move away from each other. Sea floor spreading happens.
DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES
39
two plates slide or grind past each other without diverging or converging.
TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARIES
39
- The two plates move toward each other.
CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES
40
INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH BASED ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CRUST UPPER MANTLE LOWER MANTLE OUTER CORE INNER CORE
41
INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH BASED ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
LITHOSPHERE ASTHENOSPHERE MESOSPHERE OUTER CORE INNER CORE

GEOLOGY (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions