quiz 1

Question 1

depend primarily on the
construction of the line

Answer 1

two-wire transmission line

Question 2

acts like a long capacitor

Answer 2

two-wire line

Question 3

have a magnetic field about them when electrical energy is being passed through them, they also exhibit the properties of inductance

Answer 3

long conductors

Question 4

electrons manage to move from one conductor to the other
through the

Answer 4

dielectric

Question 5

Each type of two-wire transmission line also has a

Answer 5

conductance value

Question 6

represents the value of the current flow that may be expected through the insulation

Answer 6

conductance value

Question 7

has the properties of inductance, capacitance, and resistance
just as the more conventional circuits have

Answer 7

transmission line

Question 8

has the property of inductance

Answer 8

coil of wire

Question 9

can be used to supply the required
capacitance for a circuit

Answer 9

Two metal plates separated by a small space

Question 10

can be used to supply a
certain value of circuit resistance as a lumped sum

Answer 10

fixed resistor

Question 11

Transmission line constants, called _______, are spread along the
entire length of the transmission line and cannot be distinguished separately.

Answer 11

DISTRIBUTED CONSTANTS

Question 12

The amount of inductance, capacitance, and resistance depends on the
length of the line, the size of the conducting wires, the spacing between the
wires, and the dielectric (air or insulating medium) between the wires.

Answer 12

DISTRIBUTED CONSTANTS

Question 13

are set up around the wire when current flows through a wire

Answer 13

magnetic lines of force

Question 14

inductance is expressed in

Answer 14

microhenrys per unit length

Question 15

The capacitance between the wires is usually expressed in

Answer 15

picofarads per unit length

Question 16

act as plates of a capacitor

Answer 16

two parallel wires

Question 17

the air between two parallel wires acts as a

Answer 17

dielectric

Question 18

resistance is usually expressed in

Answer 18

ohms per unit length

Question 19

is shown as
existing continuously from one end of the line to the othe

Answer 19

resistance

Question 20

a small current that flows between the two wires

Answer 20

LEAKAGE CURRENT

Question 21

acts as a resistor, permitting current to pass between the
two wires

Answer 21

insulator

Question 22

is the opposite of resistance or expressed as the reciprocal of resistance

Answer 22

CONDUCTANCE

Question 23

This leakage path as resistors in parallel connected between the two lines, what is this property?

Answer 23

CONDUCTANCE

Question 24

Conductance is expressed in

Answer 24

micromhos per unit length

Question 25

The most efficient transfer of electrical energy takes place when the source impedance is matched to the

Answer 25

load impedance

Question 26

– the input impedance of a transmission line either infinitely long or terminated in a pure resistance exactly equal to its characteristic impedance.

Answer 26

Characteristic Impedance

Question 27

another name for characteristic impedance

Answer 27

Surge Impedance

Question 28

Characteristic Impedance of a Two wire line

Answer 28

D = spacing between the wires (center to center) d = diameter of one of the conductors 𝜖 = dielectric constant of the insulating material relative to air

Question 29

Characteristic Impedance of a concentric or coaxial line

Answer 29

Where: D = inner diameter of the outer conductor d = outer diameter of the inner conductor 𝜖 = dielectric constant of the insulating material relative to air

Question 30

The distributed analysis of uniform transmission lines was started by

Answer 30

William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) in 1855

Question 31

The distributed analysis of uniform transmission lines was completed by

Answer 31

Oliver Heaviside about 1885.

Question 32

refer to the reduction of power or signal strength as electricity or data travels through a transmission line. These losses occur due to various factors such as resistance, dielectric properties, electromagnetic radiation, and external interference.

Answer 32

Transmission losses

Question 33

are critical in power systems, communication networks, and RF/microwave applications, as they impact efficiency, reliability, and performance.

Answer 33

Transmission losses

Question 34

Types of Transmission Losses

Answer 34

 Copper Losses  Dielectric Losses  Radiation and Induction Losses  Evanescent Wave Losses  Four Wave Mixing

Question 35

Also called “Resistive Losses”, is the most common type of loss, these occur due to the resistance of the conductor material, leading to power dissipation in the form of heat.

Answer 35

Copper Losses

Question 36

are proportional to the square of the current (I²R) and are exacerbated by the skin effect, where high-frequency currents concentrate near the conductor's surface, increasing effective resistance.

Answer 36

Copper Losses

Question 37

At high frequencies, the current tends to concentrate near the surface of the conductor (the "skin"). This reduces the effective cross-sectional area for current flow, increasing resistance and leading to power loss.

Answer 37

SKIN EFFECT

Question 38

are used to minimize skin effect losses

Answer 38

coaxial cables with thick outer conductors

Question 39

In _______, the skin effect can be significant, especially at higher frequencies

Answer 39

radio frequency (RF) transmission lines

Question 40

occur when the insulating material between conductors absorbs energy from the alternating electric field, converting it into heat. These losses depend on the material's dielectric constant and frequency.

Answer 40

Dielectric losses

Question 41

In a coaxial cable, the dielectric material between the inner and outer conductors can experience dielectric losses, leading to

Answer 41

signal attenuation

Question 42

in ____, high-frequency signals passing through dielectric substrates suffer from dielectric heating

Answer 42

microwave transmission

Question 43

The magnitude of dielectric loss is determined by the

Answer 43

dielectric's permittivity and dielectric loss tangent

Question 44

At high frequencies, the transmission line can act as an antenna, radiating some of the electromagnetic energy into space. This is particularly significant for open-wire transmission lines

Answer 44

Radiation Losses

Question 45

If the transmission line is located near metallic objects, currents can be induced in these objects, leading to power loss

Answer 45

Induction Losses

Question 46

are non-propagating waves that exist in certain media where the signal frequency is lower than the cutoff frequency

Answer 46

Evanescent waves

Question 47

If the signal frequency is lower than the cutoff frequency of this dominant mode, the signal will propagate as an evanescent wave, which decays rapidly along the fiber.

Answer 47

dominant mode of propagation

Question 48

can occur when the harmonics of two signal wavelengths overlap with the frequency of a third wavelength. This can lead to the generation of new frequencies and distortion of the original signals

Answer 48

Four-Wave Mixing

Question 49

can be a significant source of noise and distortion, especially at high data rates

Answer 49

Four-Wave Mixing