Quiz 1 20.1-20.2 Flashcards
(46 cards)
americanization
process of adopting american customs, values, traits, social patterns
what were immigrants taught in order to americanize?
loyal to US gov’t, english, civics, leave culture behind
americanization phase I
Immigration restriction league strives to americanize immigrants already in the country
who founded the immigration restriction league?
nativists
americanization phase II
industrialist funded programs
educational alliance of NYC:
- led by rich charities and non profits
- taught classes in english, history, bio, economics, hygiene
committee for immigrants in america
americanization phase III
gov’t involved
- teach immigrants to use institutions
- public school (reciting pledge)
- women’s club goes door-to-door with services
bureau of naturalization
- help people become citizens (more complicated process
than before
success of americanization attempts
- <1% immigrants use YMCA
- child immigrant literacy ^70% (some would lie)
- resentment of immigrants (needing programs made them feel inferior to native born)
how did immigrants feel due to americanization attempts?
- suppressed
- like cultures add nothing to america
communism
- working class runs everything
- gov’t falls away
- no private business
- single party, dictatorship
carl marx
has communism ever existed?
no
socialism
- public/gov’t ownership
- high tax
- wealthy provide more to reduce rich/poor gap
- americans generally dislike
- norway, sweden, denmark
what type of people joined unions in the 1920’s that caused suspicion?
socialists, communists, anarchists
How does the Bolshevik Revolution affect america?
some are inspired, others are scared: causes xenophobia
xenophobia
fear of those outside one’s country
what made people fear anarchists?
they sometimes used violence to protest
palmer raids
communists/anarchists/socialists and immigrants arrested and deported
- public doesn’t respond out of fear/agreement
who was A Mitchell Palmer?
an attorney general
describe sacco and vanzetti’s backgrounds
- immigrated from italy in 1908 bc of no job opportunity
- sacco works in shoe factory
- vanzetti works selling fish
what were S+V’s political views?
anarchists
- outraged by oppression of poor
- thought eliminating gov’t = eliminating inequality
pacifists
galleanists
Who was Galleani?
italian anarchist who believed violence would bring revolution
- his followers suspected of bombing american business leaders
who was Mario Buda?
S+V’s friend, responsible for wall street bombing
the red scare
- caused by the russian revolution
- 500 immigrants deported
- violence intensifies
- anti-immigrant sentiment high
describe the braintree murder
- 2 employees transport $15k to bank
- 2 robbers shoot them, take cash
- S+V accused because they were with Mario Buda when he picked up his car (the one that committed crime)
- S+V arrested while carrying weapons and anarchist literature
- they both have alibis
what was the outcome of the braintree murder?
- S+V charged with murder and sentenced to death
- try to appeal for 7 years
- someone fessed up from crime and they are still executed
