Quiz 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Sublimation
A
Physical change from solid to gas. Eg. Ice sublimating our of trays in the freezer.
2
Q
Deposition
A
Gas to solid
3
Q
Condensation
A
Gas to liquid
4
Q
Evaporation
A
Liquid to gas
5
Q
Ion
A
Charged atoms
6
Q
Cations
A
Positive Ions. Ions with more protons than electrons.
7
Q
Anions
A
Negative Ions. Ions with more electrons than protons.
8
Q
Which elements form cations?
A
Metals
9
Q
Which elements form anions?
A
Non-metals
10
Q
Periods
A
Rows on the periodic table.
11
Q
Groups
A
Columns on the periodic table.
12
Q
Transition Elements
A
Groups 3-12
13
Q
Main Group or Representative Elements
A
1-2 and 13-18
14
Q
Metals, Nonmetals and Metaloids
A
15
Q
Characteristics of Metals
A
- Solid at room tempertature, excepts Hg
- Shiny
- Conducts heat and electical current
- Malleable
- Ductile
- Loses electrons to form cations
- 75% of the periodic table is metal
16
Q
Characteristics of Metaloids
A
- Properties of metals and non-metals
- Solid at room temperature
- Semiconductors, intermediate conductivity which can be changed and controlled. This makes them useful in manufacturing.
17
Q
Characteristics of Nonmetals
A
- Can be found in all three states (solid, liquid, gas)
- Poor conductors
- Solids are brittle at room temperature
- Gains electrons to become anions
- Excepts for H, found mostly in the upper right hand corner of the periodic table.
18
Q
Alkali Metals
A
- Groups 1A
- lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium,
- Incredibly reactive
- Very silvery and soft
- Combines rapidly with oxygen, chlorine and hydrogen to form salt structures. Most salts are very water soluble.
19
Q
Alkaline Earth Metals
A
- Group 2A
- beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium
- Very reactive, particularly with water. Though some elements require heat to be reactive.
- Shiny and silvery-white
- Combine rapidly with oxygen and hologens
20
Q
Chalcogens
A
- Group 6A
- oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium, livermorium
- solid when soft
- poor conductors
- form compounds easily
- S and O very reactive with metals to form salts
21
Q
Halogens
A
- Groups 7A
- fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astitine
- Highly reactive, especially with alkali metal and alkaline earth metals
- “Salt-forming elements” Gases at room temperature
- Very reactive with most other elements
*
22
Q
Noble Gases
A
- Group 8A
- helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn)
- Colorless, odorless
- Very low reactivity
23
Q
Radioactivity
A
- An unstable nucleus emits a few energetic subatomic particles and changes the atom into different isotopes of different elements.
- The emitted subatomic particles are what we know as nuclear radiation.
- The isotopes that emit them are termed radioactive.
24
Q
A
25
Physical change from solid to gas. Eg. Ice sublimating our of trays in the freezer.
Sublimation
26
Gas to solid
Deposition
27
Gas to liquid
Condensation
28
Liquid to gas
Evaporation
28
Charged atoms
Ion
29
Positive Ions. Ions with more protons than electrons.
Cations
29
Positive Ions. Ions with more protons than electrons.
Cations
30
Negative Ions. Ions with more electrons than protons.
Anions
31
Metals
Which elements form cations?
31
Metals
Which elements form cations?
32
Non-metals
Which elements form anions?
33
Rows on the periodic table.
Periods
33
Rows on the periodic table.
Periods
34
Columns on the periodic table.
Groups
35
Groups 3-12
Transition Elements
35
Groups 3-12
Transition Elements
36
1-2 and 13-18
Main Group or Representative Elements
37
* Solid at room tempertature, excepts Hg
* Shiny
* Conducts heat and electical current
* Malleable
* Ductile
* Loses electrons to form cations
* 75% of the periodic table is metal
Characteristics of Metals
37
* Properties of metals and non-metals
* Solid at room temperature
* Semiconductors, intermediate conductivity which can be changed and controlled. This makes them useful in manufacturing.
Characteristics of Metaloids
38
* Can be found in all three states (solid, liquid, gas)
* Poor conductors
* Solids are brittle at room temperature
* Gains electrons to become anions
* Excepts for H, found mostly in the upper right hand corner of the periodic table.
Characteristics of Nonmetals
38
* Groups 1A
* lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium,
* Incredibly reactive
* Very silvery and soft
* Combines rapidly with oxygen, chlorine and hydrogen to form salt structures. Most salts are very water soluble.
Alkali Metals
38
* Group 2A
* beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium
* Very reactive, particularly with water. Though some elements require heat to be reactive.
* Shiny and silvery-white
* Combine rapidly with oxygen and hologens
Alkaline Earth Metals
39
* Group 6A
* oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium, livermorium
* solid when soft
* poor conductors
* form compounds easily
* S and O very reactive with metals to form salts
Chalcogens
39
* Groups 7A
* fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astitine
* Highly reactive, especially with alkali metal and alkaline earth metals
* "Salt-forming elements" Gases at room temperature
* Very reactive with most other elements
*
Halogens
39
* Group 8A
* helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn)
* Colorless, odorless
* Very low reactivity
Noble Gases
39
* An unstable nucleus emits a few energetic subatomic particles and changes the atom into different isotopes of different elements.
* The emitted subatomic particles are what we know as nuclear radiation.
* The isotopes that emit them are termed radioactive.
Radioactivity
39
* An unstable nucleus emits a few energetic subatomic particles and changes the atom into different isotopes of different elements.
* The emitted subatomic particles are what we know as nuclear radiation.
* The isotopes that emit them are termed radioactive.
Radioactivity
40
Precision
Several measurements are close to each other.
41
Accuracy
Individual measurements are close to an accepted value.
