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Flashcards in quiz 1 Deck (43)
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1
Q

what is biology

A

study of life and living things

2
Q

7 characteristics of living things

A

1) have cells
2) reproduce
3) DNA
4) grow/development
5) use energy
6) respond to surroundings
7) change over time

3
Q

specialized cells

A

have specific roles and functions

4
Q

homeostasis

A

maintain a stable internal environment

5
Q

element

A

a pure substance made up of the SAME type of atom

6
Q

atom

A

smallest unit of matter

7
Q

molecule

A

two or more atoms bonded together. atoms may be the same or different

8
Q

compound

A

a substance containing two or more different elements in a fixed ratio

9
Q

valence electrons

A

electron on the outermost shell, involved in bond formation

10
Q

covalent bond

A

when electrons are shared between atoms (2 electrons)

11
Q

double covalent bond

A

when 2 pairs(4) electrons are shared

12
Q

ionic bond

A

electrons are transferred from atom to another. results in the formation of ions

13
Q

ions

A

atoms that have gained or lost electrons

ions that lose electrons are positive, ions that gain are negative

14
Q

nucleus

A

center of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons

15
Q

neutron

A

mass=1

no charge

16
Q

proton

A

mass=1

positive charge

17
Q

electron

A

no mass
negative charge
orbit the nucleus

18
Q

which four elements make up 96% of the human body?

A

CHON

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

19
Q

all atoms of a particular element have

A

the same number of protons

20
Q

the atomic number is equal to

A

the number of protons of an atom

21
Q

the atomic mass equals the sum of

A

protons and neutrons

22
Q

chemical bond

A

any time atoms share or transfer electrons

23
Q

why do atoms form chemical bonds?

A

to fill their outer shells

24
Q

hydrogen ion

A

H+
More of it makes a substance acidic
positive

25
Q

hydroxide atom

A

OH-
makes substance more basic
negative

26
Q

pH range of acids

A

0-6

27
Q

pH range of bases

A

8-14

28
Q

buffer

A

any solution that prevents sharp changes in pH

29
Q

why do biological fluids contain buffers?

A

to prevent sharp changes in pH (in blood)

30
Q

chemical reaction

A

bonds being made or broken

31
Q

reactant

A

what goes into a chemical reaction

32
Q

product

A

what comes out of a chemical reaction

33
Q

hypothesis

A

Statement that predicts the likely outcome of an experiment.

34
Q

scientific inference

A

a logical conclusion based on incomplete data and observations

35
Q

scientific theory

A

explanation of why things happen

36
Q

scientific law

A

statement of something that happens

backed up by a lot

37
Q

independent variable

A

the group with the changed variable

38
Q

dependent variable

A

the results (what is being recorded)

39
Q

controls

A

group that is kept the same

40
Q

7 levels of organizations starting at atom

A
atom
molecule
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
41
Q

sexual

A

offspring are genetically different

multicellular

42
Q

asexual

A

offspring are genetically identical to their parents

unicellular

43
Q

steps of scientific method

A
problem
hypothesis
experiment
collect data
conclude
publish/share