quiz 1

Question 1

what is biology

Answer 1

study of life and living things

Question 2

7 characteristics of living things

Answer 2

1) have cells
2) reproduce
3) DNA
4) grow/development
5) use energy
6) respond to surroundings
7) change over time

Question 3

specialized cells

Answer 3

have specific roles and functions

Question 4

homeostasis

Answer 4

maintain a stable internal environment

Question 5

element

Answer 5

a pure substance made up of the SAME type of atom

Question 6

atom

Answer 6

smallest unit of matter

Question 7

molecule

Answer 7

two or more atoms bonded together. atoms may be the same or different

Question 8

compound

Answer 8

a substance containing two or more different elements in a fixed ratio

Question 9

valence electrons

Answer 9

electron on the outermost shell, involved in bond formation

Question 10

covalent bond

Answer 10

when electrons are shared between atoms (2 electrons)

Question 11

double covalent bond

Answer 11

when 2 pairs(4) electrons are shared

Question 12

ionic bond

Answer 12

electrons are transferred from atom to another. results in the formation of ions

Question 13

ions

Answer 13

atoms that have gained or lost electrons

ions that lose electrons are positive, ions that gain are negative

Question 14

nucleus

Answer 14

center of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons

Question 15

neutron

Answer 15

mass=1

no charge

Question 16

proton

Answer 16

mass=1

positive charge

Question 17

electron

Answer 17

no mass
negative charge
orbit the nucleus

Question 18

which four elements make up 96% of the human body?

Answer 18

CHON

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Question 19

all atoms of a particular element have

Answer 19

the same number of protons

Question 20

the atomic number is equal to

Answer 20

the number of protons of an atom

Question 21

the atomic mass equals the sum of

Answer 21

protons and neutrons

Question 22

chemical bond

Answer 22

any time atoms share or transfer electrons

Question 23

why do atoms form chemical bonds?

Answer 23

to fill their outer shells

Question 24

hydrogen ion

Answer 24

H+
More of it makes a substance acidic
positive

Question 25

hydroxide atom

Answer 25

OH- makes substance more basic negative

Question 26

pH range of acids

Answer 26

0-6

Question 27

pH range of bases

Answer 27

8-14

Question 28

buffer

Answer 28

any solution that prevents sharp changes in pH

Question 29

why do biological fluids contain buffers?

Answer 29

to prevent sharp changes in pH (in blood)

Question 30

chemical reaction

Answer 30

bonds being made or broken

Question 31

reactant

Answer 31

what goes into a chemical reaction

Question 32

product

Answer 32

what comes out of a chemical reaction

Question 33

hypothesis

Answer 33

Statement that predicts the likely outcome of an experiment.

Question 34

scientific inference

Answer 34

a logical conclusion based on incomplete data and observations

Question 35

scientific theory

Answer 35

explanation of why things happen

Question 36

scientific law

Answer 36

statement of something that happens | backed up by a lot

Question 37

independent variable

Answer 37

the group with the changed variable

Question 38

dependent variable

Answer 38

the results (what is being recorded)

Question 39

controls

Answer 39

group that is kept the same

Question 40

7 levels of organizations starting at atom

Answer 40

``` atom molecule cell tissue organ organ system organism ```

Question 41

sexual

Answer 41

offspring are genetically different | multicellular

Question 42

asexual

Answer 42

offspring are genetically identical to their parents | unicellular

Question 43

steps of scientific method

Answer 43

``` problem hypothesis experiment collect data conclude publish/share ```