Quiz 1

Question 1

What domain is eubacteria and archaea placed under

Answer 1

Prokaryotes

Question 2

A small circular price of DNA found in bacteria and containing only a small number of genes

Answer 2

Plasmid

Question 3

Members of archaea kingdom thrive in very cold waters the Arctic and Antarctic

Answer 3

Psychophiles

Question 4

Highly resistant bacterial structure that can survive dormant for many years in unfavourable surroundings until conditions improve

Answer 4

Endospore

Question 5

Structures that certain species of bacteria use to move about

Answer 5

Flagellum

Question 6

A protein made by white blood cells to inactivate and find invaders

Answer 6

Antibody

Question 7

As other name for a protein that sour rounds a virus

Answer 7

Capsid

Question 8

Reproductive cycle of viruses in which the viral DNA remains dormant as part of the host DNA for a while before it activates

Answer 8

Lysogenic

Question 9

Infectious protein particles that causes disease in brain and nervous tissue. These misfolded proteins causes normal proteins to misfold.

Answer 9

Prion

Question 10

Main method by which bacteria reproduce

Answer 10

Binary fission

Question 11

Process by which a bacterium sends a piece of DNA to another bacterium via a sex pilus (bridge). Recipient cell can show new characteristic - resistance to antibiotics

Answer 11

Conjugation

Question 12

Anchor bacteria to surface. Launched in genetic transfer between bacterial cells. Rod like

Answer 12

Pili

Question 13

New strand of DNA transferred from dead bacteria to living. No physical contact. New bacteria can perform new things - become pathegenic (disease causing)

Answer 13

Transformation

Question 14

Virus(phage) used to transfer one bacterium to another. Phage causes host cell to mass produce DNA which are packaged into viral capsids. During, some of bacterial DNA (sliced when virus invaded) now can invade new bacterium passing along genes

Answer 14

Transduction

Question 15

Reasons for success

Answer 15

Prokaryotes: no true nucleus or membrane organelles
Most varied and adaptable
Occupy every ecological niche
Endosphore

Question 16

Round

Answer 16

Coccus, diplococcus, streptococcus, staphylococcus

Question 17

Rod

Answer 17

Bacillus, diplobacillus, streptobacillus

Question 18

Harmful bacteria

Answer 18

Pneumonia
Blood poisoning
Food spoilage
Too the decay

Question 19

Helpful bacteria

Answer 19

Making cheese yogurt wine
Help herbivore digest cellulose
Remove pollutants from soil air water, sewage treatment

Question 20

Virus: What kingdom and are they living

Answer 20

No, no cuz no reproduce no cells no grow

Question 21

Bacteriophage

Answer 21

A virus that infects bacteria

Question 22

Virus

Answer 22

Obligate intracellular parasites-need host cell to reproduce
Only infect within host range
Host cell replicates unable to do job therefore sick

Question 23

Lytic cycle

Answer 23

Host cell completely destroyed - lysis

Reproduction can occur rapidly

Question 24

Lysogenic cycle

Answer 24

Host cell not destroyed immediately

Viral DNA remains dormant inside host cell for a good time

Question 25

Viroids

Answer 25

Very small infectious piece of RNA responsible for diseases in plants

Question 26

Prion

Answer 26

Weird shaped infectious protein responsible for brain diseases of mammals

Question 27

External defences

Answer 27

Skin- sweat kills Upper respiratory tract- ,mucus kills cilia trap Stomach - acid Eyes- tears

Question 28

Internal defences

Answer 28

Macrophages- wbc that seek and destroy | Body produces antibodys specifically for invaders - antigens renders bacteria inactive

Question 29

Active immunity

Answer 29

Body makes own antibodies

Question 30

Passive immunity

Answer 30

Already made antibody passed in to blood stream

Question 31

Difference btw antibiotics antiseptics and disinfectants

Answer 31

Anti- medicine taken internally produced by bacteria or fungi Antiseptic- weaker chemicals than disinfectants used on human skin Disinfectants- strong chemicals to sterilize surfaces of tools clothes...