Quiz 1 Flashcards
(15 cards)
Definition of anthropology
The study of the human species and its immediate ancestors.
Participant observation
Taking part in the events one is observing, describing, and analyzing.
Five sub fields of anthropology
Sociocultural, archaeological, biological, linguistic and cultural.
Cultural anthropology
Describes, analyzes, interprets and explains social and cultural similarities and differences.
Archaeological anthropology
Reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior and cultural patterns through material remains.
Biological anthropology
Focuses on human evolution as revealed by the fossil record, human genetics, human growth and development, human bioplasticity (the body’s ability to change as it copes with stress), and the biological and evolution of monkeys, apes, and other nonhuman primates.
Linguistic anthropology
Studies language in its social and cultural context, across space and over time.
Cultural relativism
The position that the values and standards of cultures differ and deserve respect. Aim is to understand other cultures.
Ethnocentrism
To view ones own culture as best and to judge the behavior and beliefs of culturally different people by ones own standards.
Gene flow
Exchange of genetic material between populations of the same species through direct or indirect breeding.
Mutation
Change in the DNA molecules of which genes and chromosomes are built.
Natural selection
The process by which the forms most fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment do so in greater numbers than others in the same population.
Genetic drift
This is a change in allele frequency that results by chance
Empirical evidence
Information acquired by observation or experimentation
Fieldwork
Practical work conducted by a researcher in the natural environment
