Quiz 1 - Craniometric points

Question 1

Incision

Answer 1

the point at the occlusal surface where the upper central incisors meet

Question 2

Alveolare

Answer 2

(infradentale superius) the midline point at the inferior tip of the bony septum between the upper central incisors

Question 3

Prosthion

Answer 3

the midline point at the most anterior point on the alveolar process of the maxillae

Question 4

Nasospinale

Answer 4

the point where a line tangent to the inferiormost points of the two curves of the inferior nasal aperture margin crosses the midline

Question 5

Rhinion

Answer 5

the midline point at the inferior free end of the internasal suture

Question 6

Nasion

Answer 6

the midline point where the two nasal bones and the frontal intersect

Question 7

Glabella

Answer 7

the most anterior midline point on the frontal bone, usually above the frontonasal suture

Question 8

Metopion

Answer 8

instrumentally determined, ectocranial midline point at the frontal where the frontal’s elevation above the chord from nasion to bregma is greatest

Question 9

Bregma

Answer 9

the ectocranial point where the coronal and sagittal sutures intersect

Question 10

Vertex

Answer 10

determined instrumentally when the skull is in Frankfurt Horizontal. It is the highest ectocranial point on the skull’s midline

Question 11

apex

Answer 11

instrumentally determined ectocranial midline point placed where a coronal plane through the right and left portia intersects the midsagittal skull outline

Question 12

obelion

Answer 12

ectocranial midline point where a line connecting the parietal foramina (when present) intersects the midline

Question 13

Lamdbda

Answer 13

the ectocranial midline point where the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures intersect. When in doubt, choose the point where the lateral halves of the lambdoidal suture and lower end of the sagittal suture would be projected to meet.

Question 14

Opisthocranion

Answer 14

instrumentally determined point at the rear of the cranium. It is defined as the midline ectocranial point at the farthest chord length from glabella

Question 15

inion

Answer 15

the ectocranial midline point at the base of the external occipital protuberance. The bony anatomy is highly variable. Normally, inion is defined as the point at which the superior nuchal lines merge in the external occipital protuberance.

Question 16

Opisthion

Answer 16

the midline point at the posterior margin of the foramen magnum

Question 17

Basion

Answer 17

the midline point at the anterior margin of the foramen magnum.

Question 18

Sphenobasion

Answer 18

the point where the midsagittal plane intersects the sphenooccipital suture.

Question 19

Hormion

Answer 19

the most posterior midline point of the vomer

Question 20

Alveolon

Answer 20

the point on the interpalatal suture where a line drawn between the posterior ends of the alveolar ridges crosses the midline

Question 21

Staphylion

Answer 21

the point on the interpalatal suture where a line drawn between the deepest parts of the notches at the rear of the palate crosses the midline

Question 22

Orale

Answer 22

the midline point on the hard palate where a line drawn tangent to the posterior margins of the central incisor alveoli crosses the midline

Question 23

Gnathion

Answer 23

the most inferior midline point on the mandible

Question 24

Pogonion

Answer 24

the most anterior midline point on the chin of the mandible

Question 25

Infradentale

Answer 25

the midline point at the superior tip of the septum between the mandibular central incisors

Question 26

Zygomaxillare

Answer 26

the most inferior point on the zygomaticomaxillary suture

Question 27

Alare

Answer 27

instrumentally determined as the most lateral point on the margin of the nasal aperture

Question 28

orbitale

Answer 28

the lowest point on the orbital margin

Question 29

Zygion

Answer 29

instrumentally determined point of maximum lateral extent of the lateral surface of the zygomatic arch

Question 30

Jugale

Answer 30

the point in the depth of the notch between the temporal and frontal processes of the zygomatic

Question 31

Ectoconchion

Answer 31

instrumentally determined as the most lateral point on the orbital margin

Question 32

Maxillofrontale

Answer 32

the point where the anterior lacrimal crest of the maxilla meets the frontomaxillary suture

Question 33

Lacrimale

Answer 33

the point where the posterior lacrimal crest meets the frontolacrimal suture

Question 34

Dacryon

Answer 34

the point where the lacrimomaxillary suture meets the frontal bone

Question 35

Zygoorbitale

Answer 35

the point where the orbital rim intersects the zygomaticomaxillary suture

Question 36

frontomalare orbitale

Answer 36

the point where the frontozygomatic suture crosses the inner orbital rim

Question 37

Frontomalare temporale

Answer 37

The most laterally positioned point on the fronto-malar suture

Question 38

Frontotemporale

Answer 38

the point where the temporal line reaches its most anteromedial position on the frontal

Question 39

Stephanion

Answer 39

the point where the coronal suture crosses the temporal line

Question 40

Pterion

Answer 40

region, not a point, where the frontal, temporal, parietal, and sphenoid meet on the side of the vault. The sutural contact pattern in this area is highly variable

Question 41

Coronale

Answer 41

the point on the coronal suture where the breadth of the frontal bone is greatest

Question 42

Euryon

Answer 42

the instrumentally determined ectocranial point of greatest cranial breadth

Question 43

Porion

Answer 43

the uppermost point on the margin of the external auditory meatus

Question 44

Auriculare

Answer 44

a point vertically above the center of the external auditory meatus at the root of the zygomatic process, a few mm above the porion

Question 45

Asterion

Answer 45

the point where the lambdoidal, parietomastoid, and occipitomastoid sutures meet

Question 46

Mastoidale

Answer 46

the most inferior point on the mastoid process

Question 47

Ectomolare

Answer 47

the most lateral point on the outer surface of the alveolar margins of the maxilla, often at the second molar position

Question 48

Endomolare

Answer 48

the most medial point on the inner surface of the alveolar margin opposite the center of the M2 crown

Question 49

Condylion laterale

Answer 49

the most lateral point on the mandibular condyle

Question 50

Condylion mediale

Answer 50

the most medial point on the mandibular condyle

Question 51

Coronion

Answer 51

the point at the tip of the coronoid process of the mandible

Question 52

Gonion

Answer 52

the point along the rounded posteroinferior corner of the mandible between the ramus and the body. To determine the point, imagine extending the posterior ramus border and the inferior corpus border to form an obtuse angle. The line bisecting this angle meets the curved gonial edge at gonion

Question 53

Mentale

Answer 53

the most inferior point on the margin of the mandibular mental foramen