Quiz 1 Density Determination & Separation of Mixtures Flashcards
Formula to find density
D=m/v
How does an intensive property differ from an extensive property?
An intensive property is a property of matter that depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not the amount. An extensive property is a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample.
Example of intensive
Color/Hardness
Example of extensive
Mass/Volue
What measurements are needed to calculate the density of a solid or liquid sample?
The measurements of mall and volume are needed to calculate the identity.
The volume of a fixed mass of a liquid sample increases as the temperature rises from 20 to 40 degrees Celsius. Does the density increase, decrease, or stay the same? Explain your answer.
The density of the liquid sample decreases with an increase in temperature. When the temperature increases, the volume of the liquid rises too. When things get warmer, they expand. The calculated density gets smaller when you divide the mass by a large volume.
What is sublimation
Sublimation involves heating a solid until is passes directly from the solid phase in to the gaseous phase. Th reverse process, when the vapor goes back to the solid phase without a liquid state in between.
Example of Sublimation
Dry ice, naphthalene
What is extraction
This uses a solvent to selective dissolve one or more components from a solid mixture. With this technique, a soluble solid can be separated from an insoluble solid.
Example of extraction
Brewing tea or coffee
What is decantation
This separates a liquid from an insoluble solid sediment by carefully pouring the liquid from the solid without disturbing the solid.
Example of decantation
Water and oil
What is filtration
This separates a solid from a liquid through the use of a porous material as a filter. Paper, charcoal, or sand can serve as a filter. These materials allow the liquid to pass through but not the solid.
Example of filtration
When making tea a filter is used to separate the leaves from the water.
What is evaporation
This is the process of heating a mixture in order to drive off, in the form of vapor, a volatile liquid, so as to make the remaining component dry.
