Quiz 1 part 1

Question 1

Define the Craniomandibular Apparatus

Answer 1

The entire cranial-mandibular complex that encompasses the articulation of the teeth and the surrounding structures that produce and limit movement.

Question 2

Define the temporal bone in the context of occlusion

Answer 2

• A portion of this bone forms the glenoid or mandibular fossa.
• The shape of this fossa determines many of the limits of mandibular movement.

Question 3

Define the Condyle

Answer 3

The portion of the mandible that articulates in the mandibular fossa.

• there is a right and left condyle, about which movement of the mandible occurs.
• The shape of the heads of the condyles determine many of the limits of mandibular movement.
• Only bone in the human body that possesses two axes of rotation.

Question 4

How many axes of rotation does the condyle possess?

Answer 4

Two

Question 5

Functions & purposes of the ligaments supporting the temporomandibular joint and mandible

Answer 5

1. Limit mandibular movement
2. Protect the musculature, especially during extreme movement
3. They are non-elastic, non-contractile and do not have innervation

Question 6

Name the two accessory ligaments of the mandible

Answer 6

Stylomandibular & Sphenomandibular ligaments

Question 7

Function of Stylomandibular ligament

Answer 7

Limits excessive protrusive movement of the mandible

Question 8

Function of Sphenomandibular ligament

Answer 8

Plays a role of limiting protrusive movement and lateral mandibular movement to either the right or left side.

Question 9

T or F, The mandible is one of only two bones in the human body that possesses two axes of rotation

Answer 9

False, It is the only bone in the human body that has two axes of rotation

Question 10

The position of the temporomandibular ligament is designed to do what?

Answer 10

Limit the pure hinge axis ROTATIONAL movement of the mandible.

Question 11

What is the ideal full length of opening of the temporomandibular ligament

Answer 11

Occurs at no more than 15-20 mm of opening

Question 12

How do you measure the length of the opening of the temporomandibular ligament

Answer 12

Measured between the incisal edges of the maxillary and mandibular incisors

Question 13

T or F, The ligaments supporting the temporomandibular joint and mandible do not have innervation, are non-elastic and highly contractile

Answer 13

False, Non-contractile

Question 14

Describe the Temporomandibular or Articular Disc (7)

Answer 14

1. It consists of fibrous connective tissue
2. It interfaces between the mandible and the temporal bone
3. It is somewhat pliable in texture
4. It is bi-concave in shape
5. Collateral ligaments attach it to the condyle in a medial and lateral position
6. It does not have any innervation
7. It does not have any vascularization

Question 15

T or F, the temporomandibular disk is innervated by the trigeminal nerve (V3)

Answer 15

False, it has no innervation

Question 16

T or F, The temporomandibular disk consists of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Describe the Maximum Intercuspation

Answer 17

1. Also known as centric occlusion (CO), which is now an obsolete term
2. Commonly referred to as habitual occlusion or habitual centric, because the patient can achieve this position by “habit”
3. Maximum intercuspation describes an occlusal relationship or tooth position
4. The teeth are contacting in a position that the patient finds the most comfortable
5. It is easily achievable, but not always reproducible, by the patient

Question 18

T or F, the temporomandibular disk receives it’s blood supply from the external carotid artery

Answer 18

False, it has no vascularization

Question 19

T or F, the temporomandibular disk is pliable and bi-concave in shape

Answer 19

True

Question 20

4 key points to clinical conditions regarding the slide from centric relation to maximum intercuspation

Answer 20

1. Only 15% of the population have no centric relation to maximum intercuspation discrepancy or slide
2. For patients with a slide, after the first occlusal contact in centric relation is obtained (this is usually on two or more posterior teeth), the patient continues to close and slide on inclines of posterior teeth
3. Maxillary and mandibular teeth will come together more completely in the maximum intercuspation position
4. Condyles must move out of their most ideal position when the teeth come fully together and this position is anterior, superior and slightly lateral to the maximum intercuspation position

Question 21

What is maximum intercuspation also known as?

Answer 21

Centric occlusion, which is now an obsolete term

Question 22

Maximum intercuspation is commonly referred to what because the patient can achieve this position by habit

Answer 22

Habitual occlusion or habitual centric

Question 23

T or F, Only 15% of population have a centric relation to maximum intercuspation discrepancy or slide.

Answer 23

False, 15% have NO slide or centric relation to maximum intercuspation discrepancy. So in other words, 15% have ideal occlusion whereas 85% have slide

Question 24

For patients with a slide, after the first occlusal contact in centric relation is obtained, the patient continues to close and slide how?

Answer 24

on the inclines of posterior teeth

Question 25

T or F, Maximum intercuspation describes an occlusal relationship or tooth position

Answer 25

true

Question 26

T or F, In maximum intercuspation, the patients teeth are contacting in a position that the patient finds uncomfortable

Answer 26

False, Patient finds it most comfortable

Question 27

In regards to slide, the condyles must move out of their most ideal position when the teeth come fully together and this position is what to the maximum intercuspation position

Answer 27

Anterior, superior and slightly lateral

Question 28

Describe Canine protected articulation:

Answer 28

Implies that ONLY the canines are touching during the complete extent of lateral movement

Question 29

Describe Group Function occlusion

Answer 29

Entails that ONE or MORE of the posterior teeth, in combination with some of the anterior teeth, are in some degree of contact during the complete extent of lateral movement

Question 30

Which version of occlusal guidance schemes is considered the ideal occlusal scheme?

Answer 30

Canine protected articulation

Question 31

What is the most practical approach in occlusal guidance schemes?

Answer 31

Group function occlusion | - Also considered the secondary occlusal scheme

Question 32

Older patients commonly exhibit what type of occlusal guidance scheme?

Answer 32

Group function occlusion more commonly than canine protected articulation

Question 33

Describe the 6 summary points to an Ideal Occlusion

Answer 33

1. Centric relation and maximum intercuspation occur simultaneously 2. All teeth contact simultaneously 3. All occlusal forces on posterior teeth are directed down the long axis of the teeth 4. Posterior tooth contacts dominate over anterior tooth contacts 5. All eccentric movements are guided by the anterior teeth 6. No crossover contacts on posterior teeth should be seen

Question 34

All eccentric movvements of an ideal occlusion are guided by which teeth?

Answer 34

Anterior teeth

Question 35

No crossover contacts in an ideal occlsuion should be seen on what teeth?

Answer 35

Posterior teeth

Question 36

Which teeth dominate over the other teeth in an ideal occlusion

Answer 36

Posterior tooth contacts dominate over anterior teeth contacts