Quiz 1 Terms

Question 1

What is parasitology?

Answer 1

The study of parasites

Question 2

Organisms living together

Answer 2

symbiosis

Question 3

Organisms travel together but don’t have
any biological dependence on each other

Answer 3

Phoresis

Question 4

What are some examples of mutualism?

Answer 4

Lichens
Termites/ flagellates
Filarial worms/ bacteria
Cleaning symbiosis

Question 5

One partner benefits, the other is neither hurt/ helped

Answer 5

Commensalism

Question 6

a relationship where one
participant harms its host or lives at the
expense of the host

Answer 6

Parasitism

Question 7

live on the surface of the host

Answer 7

Ectoparasites

Question 8

live inside the host

Answer 8

Endoparasites

Question 9

not usually parasitic but can
become so (some amoebas)

Answer 9

Facultative

Question 10

need a host to survive at least for
some life stages

Answer 10

Obligate

Question 11

live entire adult lives in/on host

Answer 11

Permanent parasites

Question 12

feed on host then leave

Answer 12

Temporary/intermittent parasites

Question 13

temporary parasites

Answer 13

Micropredators

Question 14

large, kill, not symbiotic

Answer 14

Predators

Question 15

small, don’t kill, symbiotic

Answer 15

parasites

Question 16

Insects whose larval stage feeds
on, kills host

Answer 16

Parasitoids

Question 17

Protelean parasites

Answer 17

insects (mostly) in
which only immature stages are parasitic

Question 18

host in which parasite reaches sexual maturity (often vertebrates)

Answer 18

Definitive host

Question 19

parasite lives inside, but does not develop

Answer 19

Paratenic or transport host

Question 20

required for development, but not where parasite reaches maturity

Answer 20

Intermediate host

Question 21

Give an example of a parasite that needs a very specific host

Answer 21

Taenia solium

Question 22

Give an example of a host that can infect a range of related species

Answer 22

Taenia saginata

Question 23

Give an example of a host that has a wider range

Answer 23

Trichinella

Question 24

harbor infections that can be transmitted to humans

Answer 24

Reservoir hosts

Question 25

parasites that have parasites

Answer 25

Hyperparasitism

Question 26

26% of people have this parasite

Answer 26

Ascaris

Question 27

15% of people have this parasite

Answer 27

hookworm

Question 28

disease outbreak in an animal population

Answer 28

Epizootic

Question 29

Animal parasites transmitted to humans. Give examples

Answer 29

Zoonoses; Trichinella Echinococcus Toxoplasma

Question 30

zoonoses are maintained in wild animals, transmitted to humans

Answer 30

Sylvatic life cycles

Question 31

maintained in pigs, rats

Answer 31

Domestic and urban cycles

Question 32

relationship between organisms and their environments

Answer 32

ecology

Question 33

reside in the lumen of the intestine or other organs

Answer 33

Coelozoic

Question 34

live within tissue

Answer 34

Histozoic

Question 35

crystalline structure along axoneme

Answer 35

Paraxial rod

Question 36

axoneme

Answer 36

the microtubule-based cytoskeletal structure that forms the core of a cilium or flagellum

Question 37

membrane attaching the flagellum to the cell body

Answer 37

Undulating membrane

Question 38

Found in bloodstream and metacyclic stage in fly vector. Kinetoplast and kinetosome near posterior

Answer 38

Trypomastigote

Question 39

Kinetoplast, kinetosome just anterior to nucleus

Answer 39

Epimastigote

Question 40

– Kinetostome, kinetoplast near anterior end – Flagellum exits anterior

Answer 40

Promastigote

Question 41

– Spherical form – Very short flagellum

Answer 41

Amastigote

Question 42

% of a population infected at a time

Answer 42

Prevalence

Question 43

no. of new infections during an interval/ no. of uninfected hosts at beginning of that interval

Answer 43

Incidence

Question 44

no. of parasites in a host (not 0)

Answer 44

Intensity

Question 45

no. of parasites in an individual host (can be 0)

Answer 45

Infrapopulation

Question 46

mean no. of parasites/per host in a sample of hosts

Answer 46

Abundance (density)

Question 47

few hosts have most parasites

Answer 47

Aggregated

Question 48

all of the infrapopulations of a parasite in a single host species in an ecosystem (or other defined area)

Answer 48

Metapopulation

Question 49

large parasites, don’t multiply (in life cycle stage of interest) in/on host – Tapeworms, nematodes, trematodes, arthropods

Answer 49

Macroparasites

Question 50

small multiply w/in host – Bacteria, protozoans

Answer 50

Microparasites

Question 51

study of transmission, distribution, prevalence, incidence

Answer 51

Epidemiology

Question 52

large scale, demographic, cultural factors, economic impacts

Answer 52

Macroepidemiology

Question 53

small scale, individual host-pathogen interactions, parasite strains, genetic variation, disease immunity

Answer 53

Microepidemiology

Question 54

set of ecological conditions where a disease can occur

Answer 54

Nidus

Question 55

study of the factors that produce a nidus

Answer 55

Landscape epidemiology