Quiz 10 - Abdominal Trauma & Orthopaedic Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Generalized abdominal pain following rupture of a hollow organ is MOST suggestive of:

A. gas accumulation in the peritoneum.

B. diffuse peritoneal contamination.

C. severe intraabdominal bleeding.

D. inflammation of deep nerve endings.

A

B. diffuse peritoneal contamination.

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2
Q

A ____________ is a padlike sac or cavity located within the connective tissue, usually in proximity to a joint.

A. joint capsule

B. bursa

C. ligament

D. synovial membrane

A

B. bursa

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3
Q

When blood is released into the peritoneal cavity:

A. blood pressure falls with as little as 500 mL of internal blood loss.

B. the abdomen almost immediately becomes grossly distended.

C. it is most often the result of blunt force trauma to the pancreas.

D. nonspecific signs such as tachycardia and hypotension may occur.

A

D. nonspecific signs such as tachycardia and hypotension may occur.

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4
Q

A function of the musculoskeletal system is hematopoiesis, which is defined as the process of:

A. destroying platelets.

B. generating blood cells.

C. producing bone marrow.

D. filtering the blood.

A

B. generating blood cells.

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5
Q

The upper extremity’s blood supply originates from the:

A. axillary artery.

B. radial artery.

C. brachial artery.

D. subclavian artery.

A

D. subclavian artery.

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6
Q

Intraabdominal bleeding may produce few signs and symptoms of trauma because:

A. the abdominal musculature can sustain massive blunt force without bruising.

B. the intraabdominal cavity can accommodate large amounts of blood.

C. it takes approximately 4 L of blood loss before signs of shock manifest.

D. blood in the peritoneum can compress the aorta and maintain perfusion.

A

B. the intraabdominal cavity can accommodate large amounts of blood.

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7
Q

What type of fracture occurs at an angle across the bone and is typically caused by direct or twisting force?

A. Spiral

B. Linear

C. Transverse

D. Oblique

A

D. Oblique

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8
Q

Because of its anatomic position in the retroperitoneum, it typically takes high-energy force to damage the:

A. stomach.

B. pancreas.

C. spleen.

D. liver.

A

B. pancreas.

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9
Q

You should suspect a ruptured kidney if a patient presents with flank pain, gross hematuria, and:

A. pain with exhalation.

B. pain with inhalation.

C. left shoulder pain.

D. right shoulder pain.

A

B. pain with inhalation.

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10
Q

The MOST significant immediate risk associated with an open fracture is:

A. hemorrhage.

B. bone marrow loss.

C. nerve damage.

D. infection.

A

A. hemorrhage.

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11
Q

When assessing a multisystems trauma patient, it is MOST important to:

A. administer an analgesic promptly to minimize pain.

B. splint swollen, painful extremities as soon as possible.

C. avoid being distracted by visually impressive injuries.

D. only splint fractures involving long bones at the scene.

A

C. avoid being distracted by visually impressive injuries.

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12
Q

Osteoporosis is MOST accurately defined as a(n):

A. reduced range of motion in the joints.

B. significant decrease in bone density.

C. estrogen-related change in bone strength.

D. progressive loss of bone marrow.

A

B. significant decrease in bone density.

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13
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the 6 Ps of musculoskeletal injury assessment?

A. Parasthesias

B. Pulselessness

C. Pallor

D. Passive extension

A

D. Passive extension

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14
Q

A 24-year-old male intentionally placed a commercially manufactured constricting object around the base of his penis. He complains of moderate pain, and assessment of his penis reveals that it is cyanotic. You should:

A. transport him to the hospital and provide emotional support en route.

B. apply ice to the area to reduce any swelling and then remove the object.

C. make one attempt to cut the constricting object away from his penis.

D. administer a narcotic analgesic prior to removing the constricting object

A

A. transport him to the hospital and provide emotional support en route.

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15
Q

Immediate pain from the heel to the calf and a sudden inability for plantar flexion of the foot is MOST indicative of:

A. ligament disruption.

B. Achilles tendon rupture.

C. a dislocated ankle.

D. acute tendonitis.

A

B. Achilles tendon rupture.

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16
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of the pancreas?

A. Reservoir for bile

B. Secretion of insulin

C. Glucagon secretion

D. Enzyme secretion

A

A. Reservoir for bile

17
Q

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely occur together?

A. Scapular and clavicular fractures

B. Knee dislocation and tibial fracture

C. Calcaneal and c-spine fractures

D. Scaphoid and femur fractures

A

B. Knee dislocation and tibial fracture

18
Q

The BEST way to detect deformity or any other abnormality in an injured extremity is to:

A. compare it to the extremity on the opposite side.

B. gently palpate the entire length of the extremity.

C. manipulate the extremity to assess for false motion.

D. reduce any swelling with ice before performing the exam.

A

A. compare it to the extremity on the opposite side.

19
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the liver is correct?

A. The liver is a solid organ that lies in the right upper abdominal quadrant and detoxifies the blood.

B. The liver is the largest hollow organ in the abdomen and is responsible for producing and storing bile.

C. The liver is partially protected by the left lower rib cage and serves the function of filtering bacteria from the blood.

D. The liver is a relatively avascular organ that is uncommonly injured during blunt abdominal trauma.

A

A. The liver is a solid organ that lies in the right upper abdominal quadrant and detoxifies the blood.

20
Q

A dislocation is considered an urgent injury because of its potential to cause:

A. neurovascular compromise.

B. severe hemodynamic instability.

C. proximal sensory and motor loss.

D. significant internal bleeding.

A

A. neurovascular compromise.

21
Q

EMS providers can have the MOST positive impact on mortality and morbidity from abdominal trauma by:

A. contacting medical control immediately.

B. initiating fluid resuscitation in the field.

C. performing a careful abdominal assessment.

D. recognizing the need for rapid transport.

A

D. recognizing the need for rapid transport.

22
Q

The joints that connect the ribs to the sternum are examples of:

A. synovial joints.

B. cartilaginous joints.

C. fibrous joints.

D. fused joints.

A

B. cartilaginous joints.

23
Q

The abdomen extends superiorly to the level of the:

A. two pairs of floating ribs.

B. second intercostal space.

C. xiphoid process.

D. fourth intercostal space.

A

D. fourth intercostal space.

24
Q

The appendicular skeleton is composed of the:

A. thoracic ribs, cervical vertebrae, and bones of the cranium.

B. pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and bones of the extremities.

C. bones of the upper extremities and the structures of the torso.

D. bones of the spinal column, scapulae, and clavicles.

A

B. pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and bones of the extremities.

25
Q

A 40-year-old woman has an unstable pelvis following a motor vehicle crash. She is conscious but confused. Her blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg, pulse is 120 beats/min and weak at the radial arteries, and respirations are 24 breaths/min and shallow. After starting at least one large-bore IV line, you should

A. give enough isotonic crystalloid fluids to improve her mental status and radial pulse quality.

B. run it wide open until her systolic blood pressure is greater than 100 mm Hg.

C. set the IV flow rate to keep the vein open unless her systolic blood pressure falls below 70 mm Hg.

D. administer a 250-mL normal saline bolus and then reassess her blood pressure

A

A. give enough isotonic crystalloid fluids to improve her mental status and radial pulse quality.