Quiz Flashcards
1
Q
Human Growth
A
Biological and Psychological development of the human being throughout the lifespan. Consists of the development of the lifespan. Development from infancy.
2
Q
Growth
A
Increase in physical changes over the time (height, weight, hair)
3
Q
Development
A
Increase in skill or ability to function (perform tasks, speak, achieve higher order of thinking of complex thoughts, rationalization, reasoning)
- Physical
- Cognitive
- Social-Emotional
(Morality)
4
Q
P.I.E.S
A
Physical, Intellectual, Emotional, Social
5
Q
P: Physical
A
- Motor Skills
- Gross/Large motor skills: movement and control of large muscles (back, legs, shoulders, and arms)
- Fine motor skills: movement and control of small body parts (hands, fingers)
- Hand/Eye Coordination: The ability of the eyes and hand/arm muscles to work together to make complex movements/
6
Q
I: Intellectual
A
- Mind and brain
- Learning and problem-solving school concepts
- Creative thinking skills
- Language and literary
- Moral development
7
Q
E: Emotional
A
- Identifying and expressing feelings
- Tantrum and uncontrolled outbursts of anger and frustration, typically in a young child.
8
Q
S: Social
A
- Getting along with and interacting with others
- Sharing and taking turns
9
Q
The 5 Characteristics of Development
A
- Development is similar for everyone
- Children go through the same stages in the same order.
- i.e. - all babies stand before they can walk - Development builds on earlier learning
- Development is step-by-step or ‘sequential’ in nature
- The skills learned at one stage build directly on those mastered earlier
- i.e. - a child must learn to walk before running
- i.e. - a child learns sounds before words - Development proceeds at an individual rate
- The rate of growth differs from one child to another - The different areas of development are interrelated
- Changes take place in many areas at the same time
- One area of development impacts another
- i.e. - learning to walk helps to develop the opportunity to learn to speak - Development in continuous throughout life
- Development may be slow at some times and rapid at others, but it never stops
10
Q
Infancy and Toddlerhood (0-2 years)
A
- The first year and a half to two years of life are ones of dramatic growth and change.
- A newborn, with a keen sense of hearing but very poor vision is transformed into a walking talking toddler within a relatively short period of time
- Caregivers are also transformed from someone who mangoes feeding and sleep schedules to a constantly moving guide and safety inspector for a mobile, energetic child
11
Q
Early Childhood (3-5 years)
A
- Early childhood is also referred to as the preschool years.
- As a three to five-year-old, the child is busy learning language, is growing a sense of self and greeted independence, and is beginning to learn the workings of the physical world.
- A toddler’s fierce determination to do something may give way to a four-year-old’s sense of guilt for doing something that brings the disapproval of others.
12
Q
Middle Childhood (6-11 years)
A
- The ages of six through eleven comprise middle school
- Now the world becomes one of learning and testing new academic skills.
- Schools compare students and make these comparisons public through sports, test scores, and other forms of recognition.
- Growth rates slow down and children are able to refine their motor skills at this point in life.
- Children begin to learn about social relationships beyond the family through interaction with friends and fellow students.
13
Q
Adolescence (12-18 years)
A
- Adolescence is a period of dramatic physical change marked by an overall physical growth spurt and sexual maturation, known as puberty.
- It is also a time of cognitive change as the adolescence.
- Adolescents have a sense of invincibility that puts them at greater risk of dying from accidents or contracting sexually transmitted infections that can have lifelong consequences.
14
Q
Early Adulthood (20s and 30s)
A
- The twenties and thirties are often thought of as early adulthood.
- It is a time when we are at our physiological peak but are most at risk for involvement in violent crimes and substance abuse.
- It is a time of focusing on the future and putting a lot of energy into making choices that will help one earn the status of a full adult in the eyes of others.
- Love and work are primary concerns at this stage of life.
15
Q
Middle Adulthood (40s and 50s)
A
- The late thirties through the mid-sixties is referred to as middle adulthood.
- This is a period in which aging, that began earlier, becomes more noticeable and a period at which many people are at their peak of productivity in love and work.
- Able to understand problems and find solutions with greater efficiency than before.
- It can also be a time of becoming more realistic about possibilities in life previously considered; of recognizing the difference between what is possible and what is likely.
16
Q
Late Adulthood (60s up)
A
- Late adulthood is sometimes subdivided into two or three categories such as the “young old” and “old old”
- Issues of housing, healthcare, and extending active life expectancy are only a few of the topics of concern for this age group.
- A better way to appreciate the diversity of people in late adulthood is to go beyond chronological age and examine whether a person is experiencing optimal aging.
17
Q
Death and Dying
A
- The Five Stages of Death and Dying are left with relatives and close loved ones.
- Denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance are a part of the framework that makes up our learning to live with the one we lost.
- They are tools to help us frame and identify what we may be feeling.
18
Q
3 Key Developmental Processes
A
- Physical
- Cognitive
- Social-emotional
19
Q
Maturation
A
- Development depends upon maturation
- All children develop at their own rate
- Both growth and maturation are controlled by heredity factors, but are also influenced by the environment in which the individual is living.
- Maturation refers to a series of biological changes in a child providing new abilities.
- Children must mature to a certain point before they can gain some skills (Piaget)
- i.e. - the brain of a 4-month-old child has not matured enough to allow the child to use language (they are capable of making guttural sounds like babbling)
20
Q
Open Question
A
Questions that allow someone to give a free-form answer.
21
Q
Closed Answer
A
Can be answered with ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ or they have a limited set of possible answers (such as: A, B, C, or All of the Above)
22
Q
Secondary Research
A
- Recording data and analyzing information
- Collecting data to test your hypothesis
- Data becomes information when it is interpreted by someone else
- Summarize your information and think about how it answers your research question
