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Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

From the ____ words “Philos” meaning _____ and _______ meaning wisdom.

  • study of the nature and acquisition of knowledge
A

Greek
love
Sophia

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2
Q

The unexamined life is not worth living.”

A

Socrates

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3
Q

Father of Western Philosophy,his emphasis on “Self Knowledge”

A

Socrates

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4
Q

Socrates was sentenced to death by drinking a cup of poison

A

Hemlock

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5
Q

man’s goal in life is to

A

Acquire hapiness

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6
Q

the supreme good that will secure happiness

A

Virtue

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7
Q

SOCRATES’ VIEW OF MAN

BODY-

SOUL-

A

PHYSICAL, VISIBLE,TEMPORARY

SPIRITUAL, INVISIBLE, PERMANENT

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8
Q

“Good actions give strength to ourselves and inspire good action in others”

A

Plato

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9
Q

contained Socrates’ philosophical arguments.

A

Socratic dialogue

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10
Q

which asserted that the ultimate reality exists beyond the physical world

A

Theory of Forms

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11
Q

is where man’s Forms (ideas) are known.

A

soul/mind

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12
Q
  • The element that enjoys are sensual experiences
A

APPETITIVE SOUL

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13
Q

The element that loves truth and reason: forbid sensual experiences

A

RATIONAL SOUL-

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14
Q

The element that understands passion, honor and sense of victory

A

SPIRITED SOUL

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15
Q

For you have made us for yourself, and our hearts are restless until it rests in you.”

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

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16
Q

Works of st. Agustine

A

Confessions
City of God
Of Christian doctrine

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17
Q

capable of knowing the Truth and scientific thinking

A

Soul

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18
Q

Possesses the senses, imagination, memory, memory reason and mind

A

Body

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19
Q

It is aware of itself. Immaterial. Ability to recognize God

A

Soul

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20
Q

AUGUSTINE’S VIEW OF MAN

A

Body and Soul

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21
Q

Who said “I think therefore I am.”

A

RENE DESCARTES

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22
Q

a systematic process of being skeptical of one’s belief to ascertain their truthfulness.

A

Methodical Doubt

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23
Q

He is also known for the _______ statement “Cogito ergo sum” ________

A

Latin
I think therefore I am

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24
Q

As with previous philosophers Descartes asserted the “self” is:

A

Constant, not prone to change
The source of our identity

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25
Q

RENE DESCARTES’ VIEW OF MAN

A

Body
COGITO/MIND

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26
Q

Knowledge is derived from experience”

A

JOHN LOCKE

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27
Q

An English philosopher and physician during the Age of Enlightenment

A

John Locke

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28
Q

He views the “self” as including the memories a person has. It means that a person is the same person as yesterday as he remembers his thoughts and experiences

A

John Locke

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29
Q

The self as “Tabula Rasa” means

A

blank slate]

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30
Q

Knowledge is derived from human senses”

A

David Hume

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31
Q

the idea that knowledge comes from sense experience, opposing Descartes’ Rationalism

A

Empiricism

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32
Q

He divided the mind’s perceptions into two groups

A

Impressions and Ideas

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33
Q

Source of our Knowledge: Where it comes from Perceptions

A

1.Impressions /Sensations

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34
Q

Content of our Knowledge: What it is

A

2.Thoughts/ Ideas

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35
Q

“Reason is the final authority of morality”

A

IMMANUEL KANT

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36
Q

Kant A German philosopher famous in modern philosophy. He made contributions to ______,___________,____________

A

metaphysics, epistemology and ethics

37
Q

Who said that the self is not the body but is outside of it

A

Kant

38
Q

bridges the “self” and the material world

A

Knowledge

39
Q

the mental process which a person makes sense of an idea by assimilating it to the body of ideas he/she already possesses

A

Apperception

40
Q

IMMANUEL KANT’S VIEW OF MAN

A

EXPERIENCES/OUTER SELF

SELF APPARATUSES OF THE MIND/INNER SELF

41
Q

It includes your senses and the physical world. Present in universe

A

EXPERIENCES/OUTER SELF

42
Q
  • It includes your rational intellect and one’s psychological state. Not present but experience
A

APPARATUSES OF THE MIND/INNER SELF

43
Q

“Wish fulfillment is the road to the unconscious”

A

SIGMUND FREUD

44
Q

which is based on the notion that a person is driven by unseen forces and controlled by conscious and rational thought.

A

psychoanalysis

45
Q

Freud is also famous for his work on the _________

A

role of sex and the unconscious

46
Q

Central to Freud’s theory is the Unconscious

A

A repository for traumatic repressed memories

Source of anxiety provoking drives that is socially unacceptable

47
Q

3 Aspect of Personality

A

.Ego- reality principle
Superego- perfection principle
ID- pleasure principle

48
Q

I act therefore I am”

A

Gilbert Ryle

49
Q

His first book _________ is considered a modern classic. He disagreed with Descartes’ view that the mental and physical are separate.

A

The Concept of Mind (1949),

50
Q

For _______ the self or our sense of self is a collection of our behaviors and actions

A

Gilbert Ryle,

51
Q

The physical brain and not the imaginary mind gives us our sense of self”

A

PAUL CHURCHLAND

52
Q

Canadian philosopher known for his studies in neurophilosophy and the philosophy of the mind

A

Paul Churchland

53
Q

Chudchland philosophy stands on the __________ or that only the physical world exists.

A

materialistic view

54
Q

He considers the idea that there is a soul or mind separate from the physical world is false calling it _________

A

eliminative materialism

55
Q

As a materialist, he asserted that our sense of self originated from the brain and its functions

A

Paul Churchland

56
Q

“Physical body is an important part of the self”

A

MAURICE JEAN JACQUES MERLEAU-PONTY

57
Q

He does not believe in a dualistic view of the self rather the mind and body are connected

A

MAURICE JEAN JACQUES MERLEAU-PONTY

58
Q

an entity that possess conscious experiences like feelings, beliefs, and desires

A

embodied subjectivity

59
Q

MAURICE JEAN JACQUES MERLEAU-PONTY’S VIEW OF MAN

A

BODY- experience perception

PERCEIVED WORLD- accumulate perception

PEOPLE AND THE WORLD- society culture

60
Q

the study of human social relationships and institutions. It is concerned with the way society influences our behavior patterns.”How does society influence you”

A

Sociology

61
Q

It is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society. Across history, societies base their survival on these norms

A

Socialization

62
Q

was based on social rules and family- centeredness

as stability increases, individualism and self identity became central

A

Pre-modern times

modern times

63
Q

Enumarate Key Characteristics of Modernity

A

Industrialism - extensive use of power and machinery

  1. Capitalism - production system involving market competition and supply-demand
  2. Institutions of Surveillance - increase of reach of institutions
  3. Dynamism - life becomes a vigorous activity and process
64
Q

German

sociologist, philosopher, and critic. Simmel was influential in the field of sociology.

He expressed that people create social networks by joining social groups

A

George Simmel

65
Q

two or more people interacting with similar characteristics and sense of identity

  • ties/connections that link to your group. E.g. blood, friendship, learning
A

Social group
Social Network

66
Q

Types of Social Group

  • naturally occurring e.g. family. Formed in traditional societies. Organic Motivation - you join because you are part of it.
    Rootedness; Less Freedom; Greater Social Conformity
  • occur in modern societies, formed out of shared self-interests - Rational Motivation

Dynamic; No meaningful connection

A

Organic group
Rational Group

67
Q

Charles Horton Cooley

He was an American sociologist who was a founding member of the ________ and became its eighth president in _____. He pioneered sociological perspectives on self- development [1864-1929].

A

American Sociological Association in 1905

1918

68
Q

The _______ wherein individuals base their sense of self on how they believe others view them

A

looking-glass self

69
Q

According to Cooley (1902), in his work Human Nature and the Social Order, his “looking-glass self” involved three steps

A

1) You imagine how you appear to the other person.

2) You imagine the judgment of the other person.

3) You feel some sense of pride, happiness, guilt or shame.

70
Q

He was an American philosopher prominent in both social psychology and Pragmatism.

A

George Herbert Mead

71
Q

main contribution was his attempt to show how the human self arises in the process of social interaction.developed different stages of development

A

Mead

72
Q

Mead’s Stages of Development

A

Language
Play
Game

73
Q

Mead’s Concept of Self= 2 Parts

A

I and me

74
Q

part of self created through socialization

-predictability and conformity come from the “me”

A

ME

75
Q

part of self that is spontaneous, unpredictable, & creative

-acts in extreme situations of rage to excitement

but also….

A

I

76
Q

It is the study of people’s experiences, past and present. It is concerned with understanding how humans evolved and how they differ from one another.

A

Anthropology

77
Q

Anthropologists believe that no understanding of human beings is complete without the study of the full range of the human phenomenon.

The self is the “physical organism (biological), possessing psychological functioning (psychological) and social attributes (cultural)”

A

.

78
Q

Conceptualized the Implicit and Explicit aspects of the self framed, maintained, and affected biologically, mentally, and socially

A

Joseph LeDoux-Neuroscientist

79
Q

_____- the aspect that you are consciously aware of

_______- aspect that is not immediately available to the consciousness

A

Explicit
Implicit

80
Q

“People construct a series of self-representations that are based on one’s cultural concepts and personal memories”

A

Katherine Ewing - Anthropologist and Professor

81
Q

culturally shaped concepts applied to oneself, or which represents the self.

A

Self representation

82
Q

is a powerful agent guiding the decisions and actions of humans in the given situation. It regulates, expresses and transforms the human psyche.

A

Culture

83
Q

There are two ways the self is constructed by culture.

A
  1. Independent Construct -characteristic of individualistic culture
  2. Interdependent Construct - characteristic of collectivist culture
84
Q

-American Developmental Psychologist

A

Catherine Raeff-American Developmental Psychologist

85
Q

Relationships

Culture influences how you get into and keep a relationship.

Personality traits

Culture influences whether and a you value traits, such as self-esteem, politeness, humility, and assertiveness, also how you perceive hardship in life.

Achievement

Culture influences how you value specific types of individual and group achievements and how you define success
Expressing emotions

Culture influences how you express yourself and it will affect you emotionally.

A
86
Q

Changes through time and is made up of quantifiable parts

A

Body

87
Q

Conscious thinking substance unaffected by time known only to itself.

A

Cogito/mind

88
Q

the self exists because of our conscious perceptions. What we cannot sense does not exist.

A

Hume

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