Quiz

Question 1

What is the first part of the cell that is affected when the pH of extracellular fluid changes?

Answer 1

The plasma membrane

Question 2

The cell theory includes all of these except

Answer 2

Every cell is capable of living on its own if isolated from the body

Question 3

What part of the plasma membrane is hydrophobic

Answer 3

The fatty acid tails of phospholipids in the bilayer

Question 4

Which of the following cytoskeleton components moves the chromosomes during cell division?

Answer 4

Microtubules

Question 5

If an animal cell lacked centrioles it would not be able to

Answer 5

Divide

Question 6

Motile cilia fluids across a cell’s surface while flagellum

Answer 6

Propels a cell through fluid

Question 7

When activated lysosomes function in

Answer 7

Digestion of materials

Question 8

Organelles that break down fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide are

Answer 8

Peroxisomes

Question 9

What are the three different components that make up the cytoskeleton in all body cells

Answer 9

Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubles

Question 10

The ______ of a cell membrane indicates how easy it is for the substances to cross

Answer 10

Permeability

Question 11

Breathing faster and deeper eliminates more carbon dioxide from the body than normal breathing under these circumstances in the lungs

Answer 11

More carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the blood

Question 12

An extra cellular cation, whose concentration gradient derives the secondary active transport of many different solutes is

Answer 12

Sodium

Question 13

In order to maintain cellular homeostasis, one abundant type of exchange pump ejects _____ ions from the cell and imports _______ ions

Answer 13

Sodium and potassium

Question 14

Endocytosis is a

Answer 14

Method for transporting substances into the cell

Question 15

In the facilitated diffusion of glucose, what determines the direction in which glucose molecules will be transported

Answer 15

The concentration gradient

Question 16

The electric potential difference across the cell membrane is known as the

Answer 16

Membrane potential

Question 17

The potential difference across the cell membrane is due to the unequal distribution of _______ across the membrane

Answer 17

Cations and anions

Question 18

The stage in a cells life cycle in which the cell performs is normal function and prepares for cell division is called

Answer 18

Interphase

Question 19

When Telemeres get too short after repeated cell divisions

Answer 19

The cell stops dividing

Question 20

Different cell types in the body

Answer 20

Have the same genes, but different sets of genes are inactivated

Question 21

If a person goes to the hospital for surgery and requires IV fluids, which of the following should you expect?

Answer 21

The IV fluid should be isotonic to the patient’s blood

Question 22

If a person consumed a large amount of water in a short time, what type of IV fluid is the doctor likely administering to try to save the life of the students suffering from water intoxication?

Answer 22

Hypertonic IV fluid

Her blood is very hypotonic, causing water to move from her blood into the cells which caused her brain to swell, raising the blood tonicity with hypertonic IV fluid should hopefully draw the excess water back out of the cell

Question 23

Which of the following is the best situation for maintaining homeostasis?

Answer 23

Extracellular fluid should be isotonic to intracellular fluid

Question 24

The effectiveness of certain anesthetics depends in part on their lipid solubility. Why is this?

Answer 24

The hydrophobic core of the phospholipid bilayer enables lipid soluble substances to readily pass through the plasma membrane

Question 25

Which of the following statements about genes is not correct

Answer 25

Each single chromosome contains one single gene

Question 26

Each individual gene does, which of the following

Answer 26

Carries the instructions for making a single polypeptide

Question 27

According to the cell theory, which of the following statements is incorrect

Answer 27

All organisms are made of multiple cells

Question 28

When your biceps muscle contracts, ultimately, and most directly what is producing the movement

Answer 28

Proteins within the cells of the biceps, slide past each other length, wise shortening the muscle

Question 29

Which of the following is not true of DNA?

Answer 29

It carries amino acids to the ribosome

Question 30

Which of the following is an incorrect description?

Answer 30

Transfer RNA transfers the instructions for protein synthesis to the ribosome

Question 31

You are looking at a single stranded polymer that contains a pentose, a phosphate group and the nitrogenous base your cell. What kind of molecule are you looking at?

Answer 31

RNA

Question 32

What type of carbohydrate is best to consume in order to reduce the risk of diabetes

Answer 32

Complex carbohydrates

Question 33

The dietary practices of the Inuit in the Arctic regions, prove the point that diet rich and fat are not automatically unhealthy which of the following statements provides one possible explanation

Answer 33

Unsaturated fats containing omega-3’s reportedly have a positive effect on cardiovascular health

Question 34

Receptor mediated endocytosis in order from earliest to latest

Answer 34

1 A ligan bines and unoccupied cell surface receptor 2 the bound receptor migrates to a coded pit region of the membrane surface 3 the coded pit forms a coded vesicle by endocytosis 4 the internalized vesicles bind to a primary lysosome 5 the ligand is broken down and its products enter the cytosol across the vesicle membrane 6 the receptor is separated from the ligand and recycled to the cell surface

Question 35

Rough ER

Answer 35

Produces proteins on linked ribosomes

Question 36

Mitochondria

Answer 36

Contains enzymes of TCA cycle

Question 37

Golgi apparatus

Answer 37

Flat saccules that package secretions

Question 38

Ribosome

Answer 38

The site of the translation step in protein synthesis

Question 39

Smooth ER

Answer 39

Detoxifies inactive drugs in the liver

Question 40

Steps of translation first to last

Answer 40

1. MRNA binds a small ribosomal subunit and the start codon binds a TRNA carrying methionine. 2. A large ribosome subunit joins the complex to create a complete ribosome. 3. Elongation begins as a second tRNA’s anticodon binds the next codon on the mRNA. 4. The ribosome breaks the amino acid off its TRNA and this amino acid attaches it to its neighbor by a peptide bond. 5. Each tRNA binds to the next codon of the mRNA, adding amino acids to the polypeptide chain. 6. Termination occurs when a stop. Codon is reached in the mRNA being read.

Question 41

The cytoplasm splits to form daughter cells

Answer 41

Cytokinesis

Question 42

Spindle fibers breakdown and chromatin appears

Answer 42

Telophase

Question 43

Chromosomes appear the nucleoli disappear in the nuclear envelope disappears

Answer 43

Prophase

Question 44

Chromosomes align down the center of the cell

Answer 44

Metaphase

Question 45

Chromatid pairs, separate, and move toward opposite sides of the cell

Answer 45

Anaphase

Question 46

Passageway completely across cell membrane

Answer 46

Channel proteins

Question 47

Ligand binding

Answer 47

Receptor proteins

Question 48

Stabilization of the plasma membrane and other structures

Answer 48

Anchoring proteins

Question 49

Physical isolation

Answer 49

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 50

Transporting solutes across the membrane

Answer 50

Carrier proteins

Question 51

Cell to cell recognition

Answer 51

Glycocalyx

Question 52

Cilia

Answer 52

Moves materials over the surface of the cell

Question 53

Lysosome

Answer 53

Removes damaged organelles, or pathogens

Question 54

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 54

Lipid and carbohydrate synthesis

Question 55

Centriole

Answer 55

Is essential for the movement of chromosomes during cell division

Question 56

Perioxisome

Answer 56

Neutralizes, toxic compounds