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Transmission Media, Antenna Systems > Quiz > Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following is not a guided transmission medium?
A) Twisted Pair Cable
B) Coaxial Cable
C) Optical Fiber
D) Microwave

A

D

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2
Q

The maximum data rate of a channel is determined by:
A) Baud rate
B) Shannon capacity formula
C) Modulation scheme
D) Attenuation

A

B

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3
Q

Which transmission medium has the lowest attenuation?
A) Twisted Pair
B) Coaxial Cable
C) Fiber Optic
D) Free Space

A

C

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4
Q

Optical fibers operate in which frequency range?
A) MHz
B) GHz
C) THz
D) KHz

A

C

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5
Q

The twisted pair cable is mainly used in:
A) LANs
B) WANs
C) Satellite Communication
D) Submarine cables

A

A

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6
Q

Which transmission medium is immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI)?
A) Twisted Pair
B) Coaxial Cable
C) Optical Fiber
D) Microwave

A

C

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7
Q

Microwave frequencies typically range from:
A) 1 GHz to 30 GHz
B) 30 MHz to 300 MHz
C) 300 GHz to 3 THz
D) 10 Hz to 100 Hz

A

A

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8
Q

Which type of optical fiber is used for long-distance communication?
A) Multimode step-index
B) Multimode graded-index
C) Single-mode
D) Plastic fiber

A

C

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9
Q

A major disadvantage of fiber optic cable is:
A) Low bandwidth
B) High attenuation
C) Fragility
D) Susceptibility to interference

A

C

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10
Q
  1. Coaxial cable consists of how many conductors?
    A) 1
    B) 2
    C) 3
    D) 4
A

B

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11
Q

An antenna that radiates uniformly in all directions is called:
A) Dipole antenna
B) Isotropic antenna
C) Parabolic antenna
D) Loop antenna

A

B

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12
Q

The gain of an antenna is a measure of:
A) Bandwidth
B) Radiation efficiency
C) Directionality
D) Noise figure

A

C

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13
Q

The directivity of an antenna is defined as:
A) The power radiated in one direction compared to the average
B) The input power divided by output power
C) The ratio of gain to efficiency
D) The bandwidth of the antenna

A

A

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14
Q

Which antenna is best suited for satellite communication?
A) Yagi-Uda
B) Parabolic Dish
C) Monopole
D) Loop

A

B

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15
Q

What is the typical polarization of a dipole antenna?
A) Horizontal
B) Vertical
C) Circular
D) Linear

A

D

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16
Q

What is the function of an antenna in a communication system?
A) To increase signal power
B) To convert electrical signals to electromagnetic waves and vice versa
C) To amplify signals
D) To reduce noise

A

B

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17
Q

Which parameter describes the width of the main lobe of an antenna’s radiation pattern?
A) Gain
B) Beamwidth
C) Directivity
D) Bandwidth

A

B

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18
Q

The half-wave dipole antenna has a length of approximately:
A) λ/2
B) λ
C) λ/4
D) 2λ

A

A

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19
Q

An antenna’s ability to concentrate power in a particular direction is described by its:
A) Gain
B) Resistance
C) Inductance
D) Capacitance

A

A

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20
Q

Which type of antenna is commonly used in mobile handsets?
A) Yagi-Uda
B) Patch Antenna
C) Parabolic Dish
D) Log-periodic Antenna

A

B

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21
Q

Which of the following is a property of a parabolic antenna?
A) Omnidirectional radiation
B) High directivity
C) Circular polarization
D) Low frequency operation

A

B

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22
Q

A Yagi-Uda antenna typically consists of:
A) A single driven element only
B) A driven element, reflector, and directors
C) Only directors
D) Only reflectors

A

B

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23
Q

In antenna terminology, VSWR stands for:
A) Variable Signal Wave Ratio
B) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
C) Very Short Wave Range
D) Variable Speed Wave Receiver

A

B

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24
Q

Which of the following antennas is best suited for point-to-point communication?
A) Isotropic antenna
B) Parabolic Dish
C) Dipole antenna
D) Loop antenna

A

B

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25
Which transmission medium is best for data security? A) Coaxial Cable B) Twisted Pair C) Optical Fiber D) Microwave
C
26
Which type of polarization is commonly used for satellite TV broadcast? A) Vertical B) Horizontal C) Circular D) Linear
C
27
In radio wave propagation, 'Line of Sight' (LOS) communication is mainly applicable to: A) Microwave B) HF bands C) LF bands D) Submarine cables
A
28
The term 'antenna efficiency' refers to: A) Ratio of input power to radiated power B) Ratio of radiated power to input power C) The amount of bandwidth D) The impedance matching
B
29
Which factor does NOT directly affect antenna gain? A) Antenna size B) Operating frequency C) Antenna shape D) Ambient temperature
D
30
The unit for antenna gain is: A) dB B) Hz C) Watt D) Farad
A
31
What is the impedance of a free-space medium? A) 50 Ohms B) 75 Ohms C) 120π Ohms D) 377 Ohms
D
32
Which of the following is a ground-based antenna used for navigation and communication in aviation? A) VOR antenna B) Yagi antenna C) Log-periodic antenna D) Parabolic reflector
A
33
Which phenomenon limits the maximum range of ground wave propagation? A) Diffraction B) Reflection C) Refraction D) Ground conductivity
D
34
The term 'Friis Transmission Equation' is used to calculate: A) Antenna impedance B) Power received by an antenna C) Transmission bandwidth D) Electrical noise
B
35
Which antenna is usually used in radio broadcasting stations? A) Parabolic Dish B) Loop antenna C) Monopole antenna D) Helical antenna
C
36
What is the primary loss in coaxial cables at high frequencies? A) Dielectric loss B) Radiation loss C) Copper loss D) Skin effect
D
37
Which cable type provides the best protection from EMI? A) Twisted Pair B) Coaxial Cable C) Optical Fiber D) Shielded Twisted Pair
C
38
In optical fibers, the phenomenon that keeps the light confined is called: A) Reflection B) Refraction C) Diffraction D) Total Internal Reflection
D
39
Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum do radio waves belong to? A) 3 Hz to 300 GHz B) 30 GHz to 300 GHz C) 300 GHz to 3 THz D) 3 kHz to 300 GHz
A
40
The function of the reflector in a Yagi antenna is to: A) Increase beamwidth B) Direct signals away from the receiver C) Reflect signals toward the driven element D) Convert electrical energy to electromagnetic waves
C
41
A Hertz antenna is also known as: A) Loop Antenna B) Monopole Antenna C) Dipole Antenna D) Patch Antenna
C
42
Which parameter measures how well an antenna matches its feed line? A) Beamwidth B) Directivity C) VSWR D) Polarization
C
43
Which type of antenna is commonly used for FM radio broadcasting? A) Loop Antenna B) Dipole Antenna C) Yagi Antenna D) Parabolic Antenna
B
44
Which law defines the relation between antenna gain and effective aperture? A) Ohm's Law B) Friis Transmission Equation C) Lorentz Law D) Ampere's Law
B
45
A patch antenna is most often used in: A) Spacecraft communication B) Wi-Fi devices C) Undersea cables D) AM broadcasting
B
46
Which component reduces reflection of signal power back to the source? A) Isolator B) Duplexer C) Matching network D) Coupler
C
47
Radiation resistance of an antenna represents: A) Actual resistance B) Loss resistance C) Equivalent resistance for radiated power D) Reactance of antenna
C
48
A parabolic antenna's focal point is where: A) Incoming parallel rays converge B) Incoming signals diverge C) The antenna impedance is maximum D) Voltage is minimum
A
49
49. Which of the following is a frequency-independent antenna? A) Dipole antenna B) Helical antenna C) Log-periodic antenna D) Monopole antenna
C
50
The standing wave ratio (SWR) of an ideally matched antenna system is: A) 0 B) 1 C) Infinite D) 10
B
51
A microwave oven typically operates at: A) 1.2 GHz B) 2.45 GHz C) 5 GHz D) 10 GHz
B
52
Which antenna parameter determines its bandwidth? A) Length B) Gain C) Q-factor D) Directivity
C
53
The key advantage of a helical antenna is: A) High gain and circular polarization B) Omnidirectional coverage C) Low directivity D) Low gain
A
54
Which transmission line is most suited for long-distance analog signal transmission? A) Twisted Pair B) Optical Fiber C) Coaxial Cable D) Waveguide
C
55
What is the purpose of cladding in an optical fiber? A) Reduce signal attenuation B) Guide the light through total internal reflection C) Convert light into an electrical signal D) Emit light externally
B
56
The function of a duplexer in communication is to: A) Split signal into two frequencies B) Allow simultaneous transmission and reception C) Convert analog to digital signals D) Amplify weak signals
B
57
Which frequency band is used for cellular communications? A) VLF B) LF C) UHF D) EHF
C
58
Which wave propagation is dominant in HF bands for long-distance communication? A) Ground wave B) Sky wave C) Space wave D) Direct wave
B
59
The field strength decreases with distance as per which law? A) Inverse square law B) Direct proportional law C) Maxwell's law D) Ampere's law
A
60
For the best performance, an antenna's physical length is usually related to the signal's: A) Frequency B) Bandwidth C) Amplitude D) Modulation
A
61
A directional antenna focuses energy in: A) One direction B) All directions C) Random directions D) None
A
62
Which medium is best for secure high-speed data communication? A) Twisted pair B) Coaxial cable C) Optical fiber D) Free space
C
63
What does ERP stand for in antenna terminology? A) Effective Radiated Power B) Energy Radiation Power C) Electromagnetic Response Power D) None
A
64
The 'skin effect' is prominent in which type of transmission medium? A) Optical Fiber B) Coaxial Cable C) Waveguide D) Open Wire
B
65
A communication system uses a coaxial cable with a bandwidth of 100 MHz and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 20 dB. According to Shannon's theorem, what is the maximum data rate? A) 100 Mbps B) 332 Mbps C) 664 Mbps D) 200 Mbps
C
66
A half-wave dipole antenna is designed for 300 MHz. What is the length of the antenna? A) 0.25 meters B) 0.5 meters C) 1 meter D) 2 meters
B
67
If an optical fiber has a refractive index core of 1.5 and cladding of 1.4, calculate its Numerical Aperture (NA). A) 0.35 B) 0.49 C) 0.65 D) 0.74
B
68
A parabolic dish antenna has a diameter of 2 meters and operates at 10 GHz. Calculate the antenna gain. A) 30 dB B) 42 dB C) 50 dB D) 60 dB
B
69
If the length of a transmission line is too long for a given frequency, which effect is likely to dominate? A) Attenuation B) Dispersion C) Impedance mismatch D) Reflection
C
70
In a fiber optic system, the signal loss is measured as 0.2 dB/km. For a 10 km link, what is the total loss? A) 1 dB B) 2 dB C) 0.2 dB D) 5 dB
B
71
An antenna has an input power of 50W and radiates 45W. What is its efficiency? A) 80% B) 85% C) 90% D) 95%
C
72
If an antenna has a gain of 20 dB and the input power is 1 Watt, what is the effective radiated power (ERP)? A) 10 W B) 50 W C) 100 W D) 20 W
C
73
An optical fiber has a core refractive index of 1.48 and cladding of 1.46. What is the critical angle? A) 62.1° B) 80° C) 85° D) 90°
B
74
A signal of frequency 100 MHz is transmitted via a quarter-wave monopole antenna. What is the antenna height? A) 0.75 m B) 1.5 m C) 0.25 m D) 0.75 m
A
75
A free-space communication link is designed for 5 GHz over 10 km. What is the free-space path loss? A) 92 dB B) 126 dB C) 102 dB D) 99 dB
B
76
A waveguide is preferred over coaxial cable at microwave frequencies because: A) Lower cost B) Lower size C) Higher power handling and lower loss D) Flexibility
C
77
A microwave link uses a frequency of 15 GHz and covers 40 km. If the antennas have gains of 30 dB each, calculate the received power if the transmitted power is 1 W. A) -100 dBm B) -50 dBm C) -60 dBm D) -80 dBm
B
78
A load impedance of ZL=100+j50 Ω is connected to a 50 Ω transmission line. What is the normalized load impedance? A) 1+j0.5 B) 2+j1 C) 0.5+j1 D) 1+j11
B
79
For a normalized load impedance of 0.5−j1, what is the corresponding reflection coefficient magnitude? A) 0.5 B) 0.447 C) 0.618 D) 1.0
C
80
A transmission line is matched if the load impedance lies where on the Smith Chart? A) On the outer circle B) At the center C) On the real axis D) On the imaginary axis
B
81
A line has a normalized load impedance of 1+j0. What is the reflection coefficient? A) 0 B) 1 C) 0.5 D) 0.707
A
82
For a load impedance ZL=0 Ω (short circuit), the reflection coefficient on the Smith Chart is located at: A) Center B) Point −1-1−1 on the real axis C) Point +1+1+1 on the real axis D) Infinite loop
B
83
Using a Smith Chart, what happens to the impedance when moving along the transmission line toward the generator? A) Moves clockwise B) Moves counterclockwise C) Remains static D) Jumps randomly
A
84
What is the main purpose of using the Smith Chart in transmission line analysis? A) Plot power versus frequency B) Match impedances and visualize reflection C) Measure voltage directly D) Design filters
B
85
A wave travels through free space with a frequency of 3 GHz. What is its wavelength? A) 0.1 m B) 0.2 m C) 0.05 m D) 0.5 m
A
86
A signal propagates through a coaxial cable with a velocity factor of 0.66. If the input frequency is 100 MHz, calculate the wavelength inside the cable. A) 1 m B) 2 m C) 1.98 m D) 0.66 m
C
87
In a dielectric medium with relative permittivity ϵr=4\epsilon_r = 4ϵr=4, the wave speed is: A) c B) c/2 C) c/√4 D) √2 c
C
88
For ground wave propagation, which factor most strongly affects the range? A) Frequency B) Antenna height C) Ground conductivity D) Polarization
C
89
For a lossless transmission line, the phase velocity vp is given by: A) 1/√(LC) B) √(LC) C) L/C D) √(L/C)
A
90
A wave suffers attenuation of 0.01 Np/m. Over a 100 m distance, the amplitude reduces by: A) e^-1 times B) e^0.1 times C) e^-10 times D) No change
A
91
A plane wave is propagating in air at 900 MHz. Its wavelength is approximately: A) 33.3 cm B) 0.9 m C) 30 cm D) 10 m
A
92
A radio station transmits at 5 MHz. Which layer of the ionosphere will most likely reflect this wave at night? A) D layer B) E layer C) F1 layer D) F2 layer
D
93
A plane electromagnetic wave travels in free space. If the electric field has a maximum amplitude of 10 V/m, what is the corresponding magnetic field amplitude? A) 2.65 x 10^-8 T B) 3.33 x 10^-8 T C) 10^-7 T D) 2.5 x 10^-8 T
B
94
A wave with a wavelength of 0.5 meters is traveling in air. What is its frequency? A) 300 MHz B) 150 MHz C) 600 MHz D) 3 GHz
C
95
In sky wave propagation, what factor determines the maximum usable frequency (MUF)? A) Ground conductivity B) Ionospheric layer density C) Antenna height D) Wave polarization
B
96
If the effective Earth radius factor (k) increases, the radio horizon distance: A) Decreases B) Increases C) Remains unchanged D) Becomes zero
B
97
A wave propagating in a waveguide has a cutoff frequency of 6 GHz. If the operating frequency is 9 GHz, the guide wavelength will be: A) Shorter than free-space wavelength B) Longer than free-space wavelength C) Equal to free-space wavelength D) Zero
B
98
Tropospheric propagation mainly affects frequencies in the range: A) 3-30 MHz B) 30-300 MHz C) 300 MHz - 3 GHz D) Above 10 GHz
C
99
99. An antenna radiates 100 W of power uniformly in all directions. What is the power density at a distance of 10 meters? A) 0.0796 W/m^2 B) 0.1 W/m^2 C) 1 W/m^2 D) 10 W/m^2
A
100
A parabolic antenna operates at 12 GHz and has a 2-meter diameter. Calculate its beamwidth in degrees. A) 1° B) 5° C) 3° D) 10°
A

Transmission Media, Antenna Systems (2 decks)

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