quiz 2 Flashcards

Question

DOB

Answer 1

date of birth

Answer 2

dyspnea on exertion

Answer 3

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus

Answer 4

delirium tremens

Answer 5

deep vein thrombosis

Answer 6

disease or diagnosis

Answer 7

the degree to which clients follow the agreed-on recommendations of healthcare providers - implies a collaborative and cooperative relationship between nurses and clients based on shared responsibility

Answer 8

typically characterized by symptoms of relatively short duration - appear abruptly, subside quickly, and may or may not require intervention by healthcare professionals - some are serious but many subside without medical intervention or with over-the-counter medicine ex. colds, appendicitis

Answer 9

illness that lasts for an extended period, usually 6 months or longer, and often for the individual's life - slow onset and have periods of remission, where symptoms disappear, and exacerbation, when symptoms reappear ex. arthritis, heart and lung disease, diabetes mellitus

Answer 10

alteration in body functions resulting in a reduction of capacities or a shortening of the normal lifespan - multiple factors are considered to interact in causing disease and determining an individual's response to treatment primary prevention: true prevention that lowers the chance a disease will develop secondary prevention: focuses on those who have a disease or are at risk of developing

Answer 11

causation of a disease or condition - identification of all casual factors that act together to bring about the particular disease ex. tubercle bacillus is the biological agent of TB but etiologic factors such as age, nutritional status, and occupation are involved in the development of TB

Answer 12

the period during a chronic illness when symptoms reappear after remission

Answer 13

concepts about health that an individual believes are true - some beliefs may or may not be founded on fact - some are influenced by culture - spiritual factors, socioeconomic factors, developmental stage, intellectual background can affect health beliefs ex. hot-cold belief system of some Asian, Hispanic, Filipino and other groups (hot and cold denotes innate qualities of the food)

Answer 14

the actions individuals take to understand their health state, maintain an optimal state of health, prevent illness and injury, and reach their maximum physical and mental potential ex. eating wisely, exercising, paying attention to signs of illness, following treatment advice, avoiding known health hazards such as smoking, taking time for rest and relaxation, and managing one's time effectively - health beliefs can negatively or positively influence health behavior or health practices

Answer 15

a coping mechanism, involves the ways individuals describe, monitor and interpret their symptoms; take remedial actions; and use the healthcare system - how individuals behave when they're ill is highly individualized and affected by many variables such as age, sex, occupation, socioeconomic status, religion, ethnic origin, psychologic stability, personality, education and modes of coping

Answer 16

the period during a chronic illness when symptoms disappear

Answer 17

factors that cause a client to be vulnerable to developing a health problem - indicates that a problem is likely to develop unless nurses intervene ex. genetic and physiological factors, age, environment, lifestyle

Answer 18

concept from social learning theory that nurses can use to determine whether clients are likely to take action regarding health, that is, whether clients believe that their health status is under their own or others' control - internals: individuals who believe that they have a major influence on their own health status - that health is largely self-determined (take an initiative for their own healthcare, be more knowledgeable about their health, keep appts with their healthcare workers, maintain diets, give up smoking) - externals: individuals who believe their health is largely controlled by outside forces (chance or powerful others) - doubt that changing their behavior will do good or that it is only important if someone important tells them to make the chance - locus of control plays a role in clients' choices about health behaviors and in their health experiences

Answer 19

open wound involving the skin cause: surface scrape, either unintentional (scraped knee from a fall) or intentional (dermal abrasion to remove pockmarks) - superficial layers of the skin are scraped or rubbed away - area is reddened and may have localized bleeding or serous weeping - prone to infection so should be kept clean and dry - do not wear rings or jewelry when providing care to avoid causing abrasions - lift, don't pull, client across bed - use 2 or more people

Answer 20

loss of scalp hair (baldness) or body hair - caused by chemotherapeutic agents and radiation of the head

Answer 21

thickened portion of epidermis, a mass of keratotic material - painless and flat and are found on the bottom or side of the foot over a bony prominence - usually caused by pressure from shoes - can be softened by soaking the foot in warm water with Epsom salts, and abraded with pumice stones or similar abrasives - creams with lanolin help keep the skin soft and prevent formation of calluses

Answer 22

earwax secreted by the glands which lubricates and protects the canal - can be removed by retracting the auricle up and back - use of ceruminolytic (wax-softening agents used to soften cerumen) or irrigation

Answer 23

keratosis caused by friction and pressure from a shoe - commonly occurs on the fourth or fifth toe, usually on a bony prominence such as a joint - circular and raised - base of the surface is the corn and the apex is in deeper tissue, sometimes even attached to bone - removed surgically - prevented by relieving the pressure on the area and by massaging the tissue to promote circulation

Answer 24

the movement of microorganisms from one client to another - goal of hand hygiene is to reduce risk of cross-contamination

Answer 25

deep groves, frequently occur between the toes as a result of dryness and cracking of the skin - treatment includes good foot hygiene and application of an antiseptic to prevent infection - a small piece of gauze is inserted between the toes in applying the antiseptic and left in place to assist healing by allowing air to reach the area

Answer 26

growth of excessive hair on the body and face, particularly in women - remove unwanted hair by using depilatories, shaving, electrolysis, or tweezing - enhance client's self-concept - possible causes: age, menopause, endocrine system, heredity

Answer 27

appear on the sole of the foot and are caused by the papovavirus hominis virus - moderately contagious - frequently painful and make walking difficult - treatment: curettage the warts, freeze them with solid carbon dioxide several times, or apply salicylic acid

Answer 28

infestation with lice - lice are parasitic insects that infest mammals and are small, grayish white (public lice has red legs) and difficult to see - 3 common kinds are pediculus capitis (head louse - head lice - scalp hair), pediculus corporis (body louse - body lice - clothing), pediculus pubis (crab louse - pubic lice - pubic hair) - transmission is from head-to-head contact - head and pubic lice lay their eggs on the hairs, eggs look like oval particles, similar to dandruff, clinging to the hair - treatment includes topical pediculicides - head lice can be trwated with over-the-counter permethrin and pyrethrins, malathion, benzyl alcohol, spinosad, topical ivermectin - removal of nits/eggs after applying treatment is necessary (combs are available)

Answer 29

contagious skin infestation by the itch mite - characteristic lesion is the burrow produced by the female mite as it penetrates into the upper layers of the skin - pimple-like skin rash lesions are most commonly observed between fingers, wrists and elbows, beneath breast tissue, and into the groin area - mites cause intense itching that is more pronounced at night because the increased warmth of the skin has a stimulating effect on the parasites - secondary lesions caused by scratching include vesicles, papules, pustules, excoriations and crusts - treatment involves thorough cleansing of body with soap and water to remove scales and debris from crusts, then an application of a scabicide topical cream; linens and clothing should be washed in boiling water

Answer 30

caused by fungus - symptoms are scaling and cracking of the skin, particularly between the toes - small blisters form, containing thin fluid - lesions may also appear on other parts of the body, particularly the hands - treatments usually involve the application of commercial antifungal ointments or powders - preventative measures include keeping feet well ventilated, drying the feet well after bathing, wearing clean socks or stockings, and not going barefoot in public showers

quiz 2 Flashcards

(55 cards)