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Health Psychology > Quiz #2 > Flashcards

Quiz #2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some Methodological tools in health psych (4)

A
  • FMRI
    -Mobile Watches
    -Meta-analysis
    -Qualitative RS
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2
Q

What is FMRI (2)? and what are the challenges(2)

A

FMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)
- shows brain activity (shows any damage and show which part of brain is active when doing tasks)

Challenge: can’t move in it and loud

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3
Q

Mobile watches? Challenges?

A

You can tracks steps heart beat and set reminders to exercise

Challenge: people are worried you can sell that information to insurance and deny you help because you’re overweight

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4
Q

Meta-analysis ?

A

is a statistical technique that allows you to take data from different studies and combine results

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5
Q

Qualitative?

A

lets you interview people and give more in depth answers as oppose to numbers where it doesn’t let them talk about it.

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6
Q

What does Health Promotion mean? ex?

A

A philosophy that believes good health is a personal and collective achievement

EX: other people impact my sleep schedule because they have different schedules.

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7
Q

Health behavior defined

A

behavior undertaken by people to enhance/maintain health

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8
Q

Health Behavior: Health habits (def) EX:

A

firmly established health behavior and then you perform that automatically without thinking

EX: brushing teeth, showering, seatbelt

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9
Q

Primary Prevention definition

A

goal is to instill good health behaviors and change poor ones

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10
Q

How is primary prevention done through? 2

A
  • changing behavior (diet)
  • preventing beh from starting in the first place (smoking)
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11
Q

what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior?

A

S-Social influence
P- Personal control
p- personal goals/values
p- perceived symptoms
A- access to health care systems
K- knowledge and intelligence of behavior
D-demographical factors

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12
Q

what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Social Influence

A

different techniques may work for different health behaviors

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13
Q

what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Personal Control

A

Health locus of control: perception that ones health is under personal control(internally) or controlled by others (externally)

internally: I can change my own outcomes (diet)

externally: no matter what I do im still going to get a heart attack

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14
Q

what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Personal values and Goals

A

some value health behaviors through self affirmation “I value eating healthy”

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15
Q

what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Perceived symptoms

A

people who are more likely to feel symptoms are more likely to change beh

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16
Q

what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Access to health care symptoms

A

if people have insurance they will go to a doc cuz they can afford it. People living in small town may not be near a physician.

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17
Q

what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Knowledge and intelligence

A

knowledge: do you know what a better choice to make
intelligence: are you able to process info or just believe everything from the internet

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18
Q

what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Demographic factors - where does the most intervention happen? (4)

A
  • birth to 5: always doing checkups and in school settings
  • k-12: space where kids are leaning h.b. and like to teach them and implement them with their family
    -65 & older: always interacting with the doctor and always changing their beh.
    -younger, educated, and better socioeconomic status have better health habits.
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19
Q

what are some barriers that make it harder to change beh 2

A

emotional factors
instability of health behaviors

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20
Q

what are some barriers that make it harder to change beh: Emotional factors (2)

A

bad habits can be pleasurable (choco taste good)
too much information can cause stress (everything is bad for you)

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21
Q

what are some barriers that make it harder to change beh: instability of health beh

A

-not stable over time (ex: coach pushing you to exercise but once you grad won’t have anyone pushing you)

-different motivation for every beh

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22
Q

Interventions for children and adolescents

A

Children: they do what they are told to do (dentist, firemen)
Challenge: if parents are not into it will decrease the Childs desire to continue in h.b.

adolescents: want to stop listening to parents and instead do what their peers are doing

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23
Q

Interventions for at-risk individuals benefit and challenge(2)

A

benefit: they will alter behavior if they are at risk

challenge: don’t perceive the risk correctly
1. overly optimistic
2. sometimes not knowing is best (have the genes for an uncured diseases causes stress)

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24
Q

interventions for older adults & challenge

A

there are more health problems at this age

challenge: hard to change identity (doesn’t tell kids they had an accident so they won’t take their car away)

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25
Q

interventions for Ethnics

A

its not something common and discussed with other family members

26
Q

interventions for gender differences

A

women already go to the doctor because of babies. so they are better at getting checkups than men

27
Q

Changing health behaviors: attitudes (def)

A

evaluation of health beh how we feel

28
Q

what are three ways to change an attitude about a health beh

A

health beh education appeals
fear appeals
message framing

29
Q

what are three ways to change an attitude about a health beh: Health beh educations appeals

A

when you have better information about a health behavior you are more likely to view the beh more positively

30
Q

what are three ways to change an attitude about a health beh: fear appeals? what is the one caution?

A

scare you into changing behavior

caution: can’t make them fear too strong because then they are going to feel like they can’t do anything about it.

31
Q

what are three ways to change an attitude about a health beh: Message framing

A

agreeing with someone in an argument even if you disagree because if you’re only disagreeing that person wont hear you

32
Q

Changing health habits: Health Belief Model (2)

A
  • have to believe that there is a health threat (paper receipt causes cancer)

-have to belief that a health behavior can reduce that threat (email recipes)

33
Q

Health Belief Model: have to belief there is a health threat: 3

A

-general health values (do I worry about the health)
-specific beliefs (family history of diseases
-beleifs about severity of disorder ( its like any other cancer and it can spread)

34
Q

Health Belief Model: have to believe that a h.b. can reduce that threat (2)

A
  • belief that beh can be effective
    -belief that benefits exceed costs (even though its expensive to be buying sunscreen still better than getting skin cancer
35
Q

Theory of planned behavior?

A

just because you have an intention to do a h.b. does mean you will commit to it.

36
Q

TBH: Subjective norms

A

what other people think we should do (im at store and I can still hear my mom telling me to put sunscreen on)

37
Q

TBH: Perceived behavioral control

A

ability to engage in behavior (can I put on sunscreen, do I know how)

38
Q

TBH: Intention

A

prediction to engage in beh sometimes you have the intention but it gets severed completing it because you forgot

39
Q

why is perceived control and the actual beh sometimes not able to see it through?

A

things are outside of your control (health insurance)

40
Q

Cognitive behavior Therapy

A

in order to change behavior they need to change how they think and feel about the outcomes

41
Q

Self-monitoring:

A

monitoring what you eat, sometimes becomes aware of how you eat you will change beh

42
Q

CB: stimulus control and how to control

A

not only controlling behavior but also controlling the stimulus that comes before that (only smoke when I drink but you go to a bar and now you want to smoke)

how: change envio and put a new stimulus (instead of eating when Im bored I will excersice) `

43
Q

CB: Self control of beh - self -reinforcement and caution & beh assignments

A

when I hit my goals I will reward myself
make sure reward will maintain hb

charting beh ( when you give something up write down how that makes you feel)

44
Q

CB: Social skills and training

A

some people have social anxiety so in social settings they will drink to relieve some of that anxiety. if they learned social skills they wouldn’t have to drink

45
Q

CB: Continence contracting

A

getting someone else to hold you accountable of h.b. this person can also be in charged of reinforcement

46
Q

CB: Motivationl interviewing

A

getting people to write why you want to change beh so people become aware of own motivation.

47
Q

Relapse prevention

A

acknowledgning that it will happen and its ok

48
Q

Relapse prevention: reasons

A

hard to change beh, no social support, genetically, injury

49
Q

Relapse prevention: Consequences

A

people will feel negative about themselves

50
Q

Relapse prevention: prevention

A

again recognize it will happen and incorporate a plan for when it does happen

51
Q

Evaluation of CBT:

A

most effective way of modifying beh.

52
Q

Transtheorital model of behavior change

A

beh is not changed over night but rather it is a process

53
Q

What are the 5 stages of TranMBC

A

precontimplaation
contemplatin
preparation
action
maintenance

54
Q

Precontimplation

A

no intention to change often unaware of the problem

55
Q

what has to happen before moving on to next stage

A

something has to happen before getting you next like high blood pressure

56
Q

Contemplation

A

aware problem exists but not committed to making change - peeps stick here for yeats

57
Q

preparation

A

intends to make changes but starts with small changes ex; cutting out snack`

58
Q

action

A

dedicates time and energy to make changed (tracking what you’re eating)

59
Q

maintenance

A

have to be in action for 6 months before considered here.

60
Q

Social engineering- def and 2 ways

A

changing laws to require to change beh

  1. actually outlaw other beh (can’t smoke in restaurants)
  2. syntax (tax things that not healthy; higher tax on cigarets)

Health Psychology (4 decks)

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