Quiz #2 Flashcards by Stephany Zuniga

What are some Methodological tools in health psych (4)

FMRI
-Mobile Watches
-Meta-analysis
-Qualitative RS

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What is FMRI (2)? and what are the challenges(2)

FMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)
- shows brain activity (shows any damage and show which part of brain is active when doing tasks)

Challenge: can’t move in it and loud

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Mobile watches? Challenges?

You can tracks steps heart beat and set reminders to exercise

Challenge: people are worried you can sell that information to insurance and deny you help because you’re overweight

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Meta-analysis ?

is a statistical technique that allows you to take data from different studies and combine results

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Qualitative?

lets you interview people and give more in depth answers as oppose to numbers where it doesn’t let them talk about it.

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What does Health Promotion mean? ex?

A philosophy that believes good health is a personal and collective achievement

EX: other people impact my sleep schedule because they have different schedules.

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Health behavior defined

behavior undertaken by people to enhance/maintain health

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Health Behavior: Health habits (def) EX:

firmly established health behavior and then you perform that automatically without thinking

EX: brushing teeth, showering, seatbelt

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Primary Prevention definition

goal is to instill good health behaviors and change poor ones

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How is primary prevention done through? 2

changing behavior (diet)
preventing beh from starting in the first place (smoking)

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what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior?

S-Social influence
P- Personal control
p- personal goals/values
p- perceived symptoms
A- access to health care systems
K- knowledge and intelligence of behavior
D-demographical factors

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what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Social Influence

different techniques may work for different health behaviors

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what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Personal Control

Health locus of control: perception that ones health is under personal control(internally) or controlled by others (externally)

internally: I can change my own outcomes (diet)

externally: no matter what I do im still going to get a heart attack

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what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Personal values and Goals

some value health behaviors through self affirmation “I value eating healthy”

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what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Perceived symptoms

people who are more likely to feel symptoms are more likely to change beh

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what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Access to health care symptoms

if people have insurance they will go to a doc cuz they can afford it. People living in small town may not be near a physician.

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what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Knowledge and intelligence

knowledge: do you know what a better choice to make
intelligence: are you able to process info or just believe everything from the internet

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what are some thing that make it harder or easier to change behavior: Demographic factors - where does the most intervention happen? (4)

birth to 5: always doing checkups and in school settings
k-12: space where kids are leaning h.b. and like to teach them and implement them with their family
-65 & older: always interacting with the doctor and always changing their beh.
-younger, educated, and better socioeconomic status have better health habits.

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what are some barriers that make it harder to change beh 2

emotional factors
instability of health behaviors

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what are some barriers that make it harder to change beh: Emotional factors (2)

bad habits can be pleasurable (choco taste good)
too much information can cause stress (everything is bad for you)

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what are some barriers that make it harder to change beh: instability of health beh

-not stable over time (ex: coach pushing you to exercise but once you grad won’t have anyone pushing you)

-different motivation for every beh

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Interventions for children and adolescents

Children: they do what they are told to do (dentist, firemen)
Challenge: if parents are not into it will decrease the Childs desire to continue in h.b.

adolescents: want to stop listening to parents and instead do what their peers are doing

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Interventions for at-risk individuals benefit and challenge(2)

benefit: they will alter behavior if they are at risk

challenge: don’t perceive the risk correctly
1. overly optimistic
2. sometimes not knowing is best (have the genes for an uncured diseases causes stress)

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interventions for older adults & challenge

there are more health problems at this age

challenge: hard to change identity (doesn’t tell kids they had an accident so they won’t take their car away)

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interventions for Ethnics

its not something common and discussed with other family members

interventions for gender differences

women already go to the doctor because of babies. so they are better at getting checkups than men

Changing health behaviors: attitudes (def)

evaluation of health beh how we feel

what are three ways to change an attitude about a health beh

health beh education appeals fear appeals message framing

what are three ways to change an attitude about a health beh: Health beh educations appeals

when you have better information about a health behavior you are more likely to view the beh more positively

what are three ways to change an attitude about a health beh: fear appeals? what is the one caution?

scare you into changing behavior caution: can't make them fear too strong because then they are going to feel like they can't do anything about it.

what are three ways to change an attitude about a health beh: Message framing

agreeing with someone in an argument even if you disagree because if you're only disagreeing that person wont hear you

Changing health habits: Health Belief Model (2)

- have to believe that there is a health threat (paper receipt causes cancer) -have to belief that a health behavior can reduce that threat (email recipes)

Health Belief Model: have to belief there is a health threat: 3

-general health values (do I worry about the health) -specific beliefs (family history of diseases -beleifs about severity of disorder ( its like any other cancer and it can spread)

Health Belief Model: have to believe that a h.b. can reduce that threat (2)

- belief that beh can be effective -belief that benefits exceed costs (even though its expensive to be buying sunscreen still better than getting skin cancer

Theory of planned behavior?

just because you have an intention to do a h.b. does mean you will commit to it.

TBH: Subjective norms

what other people think we should do (im at store and I can still hear my mom telling me to put sunscreen on)

TBH: Perceived behavioral control

ability to engage in behavior (can I put on sunscreen, do I know how)

TBH: Intention

prediction to engage in beh sometimes you have the intention but it gets severed completing it because you forgot

why is perceived control and the actual beh sometimes not able to see it through?

things are outside of your control (health insurance)

Cognitive behavior Therapy

in order to change behavior they need to change how they think and feel about the outcomes

Self-monitoring:

monitoring what you eat, sometimes becomes aware of how you eat you will change beh

CB: stimulus control and how to control

not only controlling behavior but also controlling the stimulus that comes before that (only smoke when I drink but you go to a bar and now you want to smoke) how: change envio and put a new stimulus (instead of eating when Im bored I will excersice) `

CB: Self control of beh - self -reinforcement and caution & beh assignments

when I hit my goals I will reward myself make sure reward will maintain hb charting beh ( when you give something up write down how that makes you feel)

CB: Social skills and training

some people have social anxiety so in social settings they will drink to relieve some of that anxiety. if they learned social skills they wouldn't have to drink

CB: Continence contracting

getting someone else to hold you accountable of h.b. this person can also be in charged of reinforcement

CB: Motivationl interviewing

getting people to write why you want to change beh so people become aware of own motivation.

Relapse prevention

acknowledgning that it will happen and its ok

Relapse prevention: reasons

hard to change beh, no social support, genetically, injury

Relapse prevention: Consequences

people will feel negative about themselves

Relapse prevention: prevention

again recognize it will happen and incorporate a plan for when it does happen

Evaluation of CBT:

most effective way of modifying beh.

Transtheorital model of behavior change

beh is not changed over night but rather it is a process

What are the 5 stages of TranMBC

precontimplaation contemplatin preparation action maintenance

Precontimplation

no intention to change often unaware of the problem

what has to happen before moving on to next stage

something has to happen before getting you next like high blood pressure

Contemplation

aware problem exists but not committed to making change - peeps stick here for yeats

preparation

intends to make changes but starts with small changes ex; cutting out snack`

action

dedicates time and energy to make changed (tracking what you're eating)

maintenance

have to be in action for 6 months before considered here.

Social engineering- def and 2 ways

changing laws to require to change beh 1. actually outlaw other beh (can't smoke in restaurants) 2. syntax (tax things that not healthy; higher tax on cigarets)

Quiz #2 Flashcards

(60 cards)