Quiz #2 Flashcards
(31 cards)
All points on the object of interest move the same distance in the same time
linear
The description of the spatial and temporal components of motion
kinematics
Linear kinematics:
Fundamentally we need to quantify the _ and _ characteristics of the movement
spatial and temporal
Kinematic analysis:
- many uses
- sports scientists and coaches often use kinematics to characterize _. Ex: analyzing movement patterns, golf club head swing
elite performance
Kinematic analysis:
- Ergonomists use kinematics to _. Ex: assessing poor postures, high task repetition
- Doctors and physiotherapists. Ex: assessing walking gait with protheses, range of motion
assess injury risk
Temporal analysis:
- temporal = _
- answers the question “how long?”
time
Temporal analysis: Tools
- stopwatch
- video
Temporal analysis:
Determination of time from video
- 1 _ = 1 sample/second
Hertz (Hz)
Temporal analysis:
Normal video cameras operate at _
- Your ability to see 60 fields/second depends on the _ of your playback device
- 60 fields/second
- resolution
Temporal analysis:
Determine the resolution of a playback device using a stopwatch
- 30 pictures in 1 second indicates a _ playback device
- 60 pictures in 1 second indicates a _ playback device
- frame advance
- field advance
Spatial analysis:
Locate _ in space
points of interest
Spatial analysis:
Locate points of interest in space
- obtain their (x,y) coordinates
- _ are adequate for simple planar movements
- _ coordinate system must be used for more complex movements
- two-dimensions
- three-dimensional
Spatial analysis:
- x-axis = _
- y-axis = _
- z-axis = _
- some researchers use z for vertical axis and x & y horizontal axes
- horizontal (sagittal plane)
- vertical
- medial/lateral
Spatial analysis:
Velocity and acceleration can be analyzed from _
digital positional data
Spatial analysis: Tools
- photographs ( may be suitable for static analysis)
- video pictures
- infared or light emitting diodes (IRED, LED)
- magnetic fields
- accelerometers (measures acceleration directly)
Spatial analysis:
Locating a point in space relative to some reference (0,0)
position
Spatial analysis:
The change in position
motion
Spatial analysis:
Motion
- usually specified with the greek letter _
- quantified as the difference between the _ and _
- delta
- final position & initial position
Spatial analysis: Motion
The change in position can be quantified as a _ or a _
scalar or vector
Spatial analysis: Motion
Scalar ( _ only) = _
- magnitude
- distance
Spatial analysis: Motion
The actual length of the path traveled
scalar
Spatial analysis: Motion
Vector ( _ and _) = _
- magnitude & direction
- displacement
Spatial analysis: Motion
The difference in position between the final position and the initial position
- a straight line between start and finish
vector
Spatial analysis: Motion
Normally in biomechanics _ are calculated and not _
- displacements
- distances
