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A-EMT > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____________ forearm.
proximal
dorsal
distal
superior

A

distal

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2
Q

A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:
has low blood sugar.
is unable to swallow.
urinates frequently.
is excessively thirsty.

A

is excessively thirsty.

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3
Q

A fracture of the humerus just above the elbow would be described as a:
proximal elbow fracture.
proximal humerus fracture.
distal humerus fracture.
distal forearm fracture.

A

distal humerus fracture.

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4
Q

After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patient’s leg stops bleeding. This is called:
hemolysis.
hematemesis.
hemiplegia.
hemostasis.

A

hemostasis.

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5
Q

An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body’s position?
Supine
Dorsal
Prone
Recumbent

A

Prone

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6
Q

A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being:
bilateral.
unilateral.
medial.
proximal.

A

bilateral.

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7
Q

A patient in a semi-reclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is in the ___________ position.
supine
Fowler
recovery
prone

A

Fowler

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8
Q

A patient with a pneumothorax has unilateral chest expansion. This means that:
both sides of his chest are moving minimally.
both of his lungs are expanding when he inhales.
his chest and his abdomen are moving in opposite directions.
only one side of his chest rises when he inhales.

A

only one side of his chest rises when he inhales.

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9
Q

A pregnant patient is diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum. This means that:
her unborn baby is very large.
she has excessive vomiting.
her respiratory rate is rapid.
she has frequent urination.

A

she has excessive vomiting.

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10
Q

Enlargement of the liver is called:
hepatomegaly.
pneumonitis.
hydrocephalus.
nephritis.

A

hepatomegaly.

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11
Q

In relation to the chest, the back is:
inferior.
posterior.
anterior.
ventral.

A

posterior.

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12
Q

In relation to the wrist, the elbow is:
medial.
proximal.
lateral.
distal

A

proximal.

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13
Q

Movement or motion away from the body’s midline is called:
flexion.
abduction.
extension.
adduction.

A

abduction.

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13
Q

The ___________ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles.
septum
dorsum
base
apex

A

apex

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14
Q

The term “supraventricular tachycardia” means:
a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.
a slow heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.
a rapid heart rate that originates from within the ventricles.
a slow heart rate that originates from within the ventricles.

A

a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.

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14
Q

The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:
midclavicular.
lateral.
medial.
midaxillary

A

medial.

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15
Q

The topographic term used to describe the parts of the body that are nearer to the feet is:
superior.
inferior.
dorsal.
internal.

A

inferior.

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16
Q

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should:
avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering.
recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults.
inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.
obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents.

A

inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

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16
Q

Age-related changes in the renal system result in:
dilation of the blood vessels that supply the nephrons, which allows the kidneys to maintain their function.
a significant increase in filtration, which causes the excretion of large amounts of water from the body.
a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.
the formation of large amounts of urine secondary to an increase in kidney mass of up to 20%.

A

a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.

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17
Q

An infant or small child’s airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because:
the tongue is proportionately small and can fall back into the throat.
the occiput is proportionately large, and the trachea is flexible.
the back of the head is flat, which prevents a neutral position.
he or she has a long neck, which makes the trachea prone to collapse.

A

the occiput is proportionately large, and the trachea is flexible.

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18
Q

An infant’s blood pressure typically increases with age because:
his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age.
blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.
the infant’s total blood volume decreases with age.
as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate.

A

blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

18
Q

Breathing is often more difficult in older adults because the:
diaphragm and intercostal muscles enlarge.
overall size of the airway decreases.
elasticity of the lungs decreases.
surface area of the alveoli increases.

A

elasticity of the lungs decreases.

19
Q

In contrast to secure attachment, anxious-avoidant attachment occurs when a child:
shows little emotional response to a parent or caregiver following repeated rejection.
reaches out and explores because he or she knows that the parents are there as a safety net.
becomes acutely anxious in the presence of strangers or in unfamiliar surroundings.
clings to a parent or caregiver because he or she knows that the person can be trusted.

A

shows little emotional response to a parent or caregiver following repeated rejection.

20
Q

In preconventional reasoning, children:
look for approval from their peers and society.
make decisions based on their conscience.
act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.
blame their actions on what they have observed in older children.

A

act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

21
Q

The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is most often related to:
atherosclerosis.
hypotension.
kidney failure.
medication use.

A

atherosclerosis.

22
Q

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is most directly related to:
meningeal deterioration.
blood vessel dilation.
a decrease in neurons.
shrinkage of the brain.

A

shrinkage of the brain.

23
Q

When assessing an 80-year-old patient in shock, it is important to remember that:
the patient’s cardiac output is able to increase by nearly 200% in response to the decrease in perfusion.
in older adults, it is especially common to observe a significant decrease in heart rate in response to shock.
it is common to see a more significant increase in heart rate than what would be expected in younger adults.
age-related changes in the cardiovascular system might make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion.

A

age-related changes in the cardiovascular system might make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion.

24
Q

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex?
The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.
When something touches a neonate’s cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch.
When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward.
An infant’s heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body.

A

The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

25
Q

Which of the following is an anatomic difference between children and adults?
The rib cage of an infant is less flexible than an adult’s rib cage.
The trachea of an infant is proportionately longer than an adult’s trachea.
An infant’s head accounts for less body weight than an adult’s head.
An infant’s tongue is proportionately larger than an adult’s tongue.

A

An infant’s tongue is proportionately larger than an adult’s tongue.

26
Q

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group?
Secondary sexual development begins.
The systolic blood pressure decreases.
Muscle and bone growth both decrease.
The normal pulse rate steadily increases

A

Secondary sexual development begins.

26
Q

A critical aspect of the rapid extrication technique is to:
maintain stabilization of the spine at all times.
move the patient as quickly as you possibly can.
extricate the patient with one coordinated move.
apply a vest-style device before moving the patient.

A

maintain stabilization of the spine at all times.

26
Q

An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side. She is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the most appropriate method of immobilizing this patient?
Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard.
Move her to a supine position and immobilize her with a scoop stretcher and padding.
Apply a cervical collar and place her in a sitting position on the wheeled stretcher.
Immobilize her in a supine position on a long backboard and secure her with straps.

A

Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard.

27
Q

As you and your partner are carrying a stable patient down a flight of stairs in a stair chair, you feel a sudden, sharp pain in your lower back. You should:
stop the move and have the patient walk down the stairs.
guide your partner while moving the chair backwards.
reposition your hands and continue to move the patient.
stop the move and request additional lifting assistance.

A

stop the move and request additional lifting assistance.

28
Q

In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance stretcher by:
slightly lifting the stretcher to prevent unnecessary patient movement.
pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot.
retracting the undercarriage and carrying the stretcher to the ambulance.
pushing the foot of the stretcher while your partner guides the head.

A

pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot.

29
Q

In which of the following situations is an emergency patient move indicated?
A significant mechanism of injury is involved.
The EMT has to gain access to lesser-injured patients in a vehicle.
A patient has an altered mental status or is in shock.
The EMT is unable to protect the patient from scene hazards.

A

The EMT is unable to protect the patient from scene hazards.

30
Q

It is essential that you ____________ your equipment to prevent the spread of disease.
properly store
incinerate
decontaminate
throw out

A

decontaminate

31
Q

The first rule of safe lifting is to:
keep your back in a straight, vertical position.
always lift with your palms facing down.
spread your legs approximately 20″ apart.
keep your back in a slightly curved position.

A

keep your back in a straight, vertical position.

32
Q

The _________ is both the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle.
sacrum
ischium
coccyx
thorax

A

sacrum

33
Q

The most serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is:
causing patient anxiety or fear.
unnecessarily wasting time.
confusion among team members.
injury to you or your patient.

A

injury to you or your patient.

34
Q

The proper technique for using the power grip is to:
hold the handle with your fingers.
rotate your palms down.
position your hands about 6″ apart.
lift with your palms up.

A

lift with your palms up.

35
Q

To facilitate a safe and coordinated move, the team leader should:
be positioned at the feet so the team can hear.
use preparatory commands to initiate any moves.
never become involved in the move, only direct the move.
speak softly but clearly to avoid startling the patient.

A

use preparatory commands to initiate any moves.
never become involved in the move, only direct the move.

36
Q

To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should:
avoid the use of log rolls or body drags.
flex at the waist instead of the hips.
use a direct carry whenever possible.
keep the weight as close to your body as possible.

A

keep the weight as close to your body as possible.

37
Q

When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should:
place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair.
collapse the undercarriage of the wheeled stretcher and carefully carry the patient down the stairs on the stretcher.
assist the patient in walking down the stairs and place him or her on the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs.
secure the patient to a scoop stretcher and carry him or her headfirst down the stairs to the awaiting stretcher.

A

place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair.

38
Q

Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct?
The spine must be fully immobilized prior to performing an emergency move.
It is not possible to perform an emergency move without injuring the patient.
An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.
The patient is dragged against the body’s long axis during an emergency move.

A

An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.

39
Q

You and your partner respond to the scene of a 49-year-old male with acute abdominal pain. As you enter his residence, you find him lying on the floor in severe pain. He is conscious and alert. The patient appears to weigh in excess of 350 pounds. Your first action should be to:
encourage the patient to walk himself to the awaiting ambulance.
assess him and then move him to the stretcher with a direct carry.
request the fire department if one attempt to move him fails.
request additional personnel before making any attempts to lift him.

A

request additional personnel before making any attempts to lift him.

40
Q

What is the distinction between anatomy and physiology?
Anatomy is the study of body structure, and physiology is the study of body function.
The terms are synonymous.
Anatomy is the study of body components and systems, and physiology is the study of injuries and disease processes.
Anatomy is the study of physical body structures, whereas physiology is the study of emotions and behavior.

A

Anatomy is the study of body structure, and physiology is the study of body function.

41
Q

With regard to medical terminology, a prefix is:
the combination of any two or more whole words.
a modifier that indicates if a term is singular or plural.
the foundation of a word or term.
added to the beginnings of roots or words to modify or qualify their meaning.

A

added to the beginnings of roots or words to modify or qualify their meaning.

42
Q

What is the primary reason for an EMT to use specific and proper medical terminology?
People may think that an EMT is not intelligent or professional unless she uses medical terms.
Medical communication needs to be exact and consistent.
It will make patients and family members trust in the EMT’s abilities more.
EMS providers can’t bill for services unless the correct terminology is used in all documentation.

A

Medical communication needs to be exact and consistent.

43
Q

When discussing left and right in terms of anatomic locations, what do they refer to?
What left and right refer to anatomically is dependent on the patient’s positioning when care is provided.
Anatomic left and right refer to the provider’s left and right orientation when facing a patient in the anatomic position.
Left and right from the patient’s perspective.
Whoever is speaking about the anatomic location determines left and right orientation.

A

Left and right from the patient’s perspective.

44
Q

Which of the following describes the Fowler position?
Sitting upright with the legs straight
Lying flat on the back
Lying on the side
Lying on the stomach

A

Sitting upright with the legs straight

A-EMT (13 decks)

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