Quiz 2

Question 1

How did metabolic rates of three different rats compare to each other (One normal, one w/o thyroid (thyroidectomized), and one w/o pituitary (hypophysectomied))

Answer 1

Rats w/o thyroid or pituitary gland had slower BMRs

Question 2

What did injecting thyroxine (T4) do to the rats?

Answer 2

Increased BMR

Question 3

What did injecting TSH do to the rats?

Answer 3

Increased BMR and created goiter in normal rat and rat without pituitary

Rat without thyroid did not respond to TSH

Question 4

What did injecting propylthiouracil (iodination blocker) do to the rats

Answer 4

Normal rat and rat with no piuitary increased BMR

no effect on rat without a thyroid

Question 5

what is a standard curve?

Answer 5

A calibrated curve used to graph the relationship between response and concentration of something being measured

Question 6

How do measurements of fasting plasma glucose relate to health?

Answer 6

Diabetes!
When the body doesn’t make enugh insulin- cells can’t use glucose to meet energy needs (FBG > 125)

Question 7

Cortisol and ATCH levels in cushings syndrome (promary hypercortisolism)

Answer 7

High cort
Low ACTH

Question 8

Cortisol and ATCH levels in iatrogenic cushing syndrome

Answer 8

High cortisol
Low ACTH

Question 9

Cortisol and ATCH levels in cushings disease (secondary hyperrcortisolism)

Has tumor in pituitary

Answer 9

High cortisol
High ACTH

Question 10

Cortisol and ATCH levels in Addisons disease (primary adrenal insufficiency)

Answer 10

Low cortisol
High ACTH

Question 11

Cortisol and ATCH levels in secondary adrenal insufficency (hypopituitraism)

Answer 11

Low cortisol
Low ACTH

Question 12

Answer 12

monocyte

Question 13

Answer 13

basophill

Question 14

Answer 14

eosinophill

Question 15

Answer 15

neutrophill

Question 16

Answer 16

lymphocyte

Question 17

Granulocytes

Answer 17

Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil

Question 18

Agranulocytes

Answer 18

Lymphocytes, Monocytes

Question 19

The most abundent plasma protein is

Answer 19

albumin

Question 20

Two major roles of albumin (plasma protein)

Answer 20

transporting substances, preventing fluid leakages

Question 21

important plasma protein involed in blood clotting

Answer 21

fibrinogen

Question 22

fluid component of the blood, minus the formed element

Answer 22

plasma

coagulants: Finrinogen
proteins: albumin, globulin

Question 23

oxygen-binding protein in RBCs

Answer 23

hemoglobin

Question 24

RBC characteristics

erythrocytes

Answer 24

No nucleus, motochondria, or other organelles

-most numerous of formed elements

Question 25

how does polycythermia affect blood flow (increased in RBC numbers)

Answer 25

makes blood thicker- slower flow

Question 26

what is anemia? common causes?

Answer 26

Not enough healthy RBCs iron deficiency+ blood loss

Question 27

What are WBCs (leukocytes) for

Answer 27

function in body's defense systems by mounting inflammatory or immune responses -granulocytes or agranulocytes depending on weather or not they contain membrane bound granules in their cytoplasm

Question 28

Neutrophils

Answer 28

-most numerous WBCs- 50-70% of total WBC population -phagotyse and destory bacteria and other pathogens

Question 29

Eosinophils

Answer 29

-combat parasitic infections -modulate allergic/ inflammatory repsonses -phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes

Question 30

basophills

Answer 30

release histamine and heprin for inflammaftion repsonses

Question 31

lymphocytes

Answer 31

B cells: produce antibodies to attack bacteria, virus, and toxins T cells: plays a roll in cell-medicated immunity- coordinates immunity response

Question 32

monocytes

Answer 32

turn into macrophages -important in chronic infections

Question 33

chronic vs acute leukemia

Answer 33

chronic: slower-progressing accumulation of more mature, but abnormal WBCS Acute: rapidly progressing- proliferation of immature blood cells

Question 34

platelets

Answer 34

are smaller, no nucleus, role in blood clotting -originates from bone marrow cell called a megakarocyte -participate in homeostatis by stopping bleeds

Question 35

rarest blood type

Answer 35

AB-

Question 36

universal donor

Answer 36

O-

Question 37

universal recipient

Answer 37

AB+

Question 38

what blood sample did not aggluinate with any antibodies tested

Answer 38

o- because agglunation occurs when A,B, or RH antigens are present o- dont have any