quiz 2

Question 1

constipation

Answer 1

fewer than 3 bowel movements a week
dry, hard to pass bowel movements or incomplete emptying of bowels

Question 2

causes of constipation

Answer 2

little fiber
little liquids
medications
- narcotics
- antacids
- antidepressants
- anti-parkinsons
pregnancy

Question 3

non medical remedies for constipation

Answer 3

increase fluids
increase fiber
increase movments

Question 4

medical intervention for constipation

Answer 4

medications
- stoll softener
- laxatives
enemas

Question 5

bowel diversion/ostomies

Answer 5

allows waste to pass through a surgically created stoma, can be reversed if bowel heals and functions properly

Question 6

ileostomy

Answer 6

liquid water lighter colored stool

Question 7

colostomy

Answer 7

more formed mushy brown stool

Question 8

ostomy care

Answer 8

keep patient free of odors
empty bad frequently
inspect stoma
measure fluid intake and output
explain eat aspect of care to the patient and how to take care of themselves

Question 9

what to look for when inspecting stoma

Answer 9

size (will stabilize after 6-8 weeks)
cleanliness of skin around stoma
making sure to wash with non fragrance products
should be red/pink and moist

Question 10

uses of NG tubes

Answer 10

decompression
removal of fluid/gas
lavage / removal of toxins
treat obstruction or paralytic ileus
compress GI tract
administer contrast for CT
administer feedings or meds

Question 11

levin/single lumen

Answer 11

mostly used for feedings or medications is soft and pliable and 12ft or larger for adults

Question 12

salem/double lumen sump

Answer 12

mostly used for decompression and can be used for medications/feedings if needed. has an airport and anti-reflux valve

Question 13

dual purpose tubes

Answer 13

keofeed/dobbhoff
nasojeunal tubes (goes into small intestine), soft and pliable, small bore for feedings. usually have a guidewire for placements

Question 14

ng placement steps

Answer 14

client in high-fowler’s position (45)
do not force insertion
communicate with patient
check aspirate color/ consistency and pH to check placement and set up x-ray to confirm placement

Question 15

enteral feeding

Answer 15

administering nutrients directly to GI tract usually into stomach

Question 16

dysphagia

Answer 16

difficulty swallowing or inability to swallow, is associated with increased risk for aspiration

Question 17

diagnosis that may require tube feedings

Answer 17

dysphagia
esophageal cancer
surgery
oral/dental procedures
coma
malnutrition

Question 18

long term feedings (more than 4 weeks)

Answer 18

J tube, G tube, combination tubes

Question 19

jejunostomy or J tube

Answer 19

used it G tube cannot be placed do to obstruction
less risk for aspiration
slow continuous feeding

Question 20

G tube

Answer 20

most common, can be placed surgically or endoscopically

Question 21

combination tubes

Answer 21

GJ tubes are used when feeding is needed, meds that absorb in stomach are needed, or draining of stomach is needed

Question 22

short term feeding tubes

Answer 22

NG tube, nasointestinal tube

Question 23

nasointestinal tube

Answer 23

inserted through nose and into upper portion of small intestine
indicated for patient with increased risk for aspiration or slow gastric motility
avoids potential for gastric reflux
dumping syndrome my develop due to bypassing the pyloric valve
monitor for signs of distention of small intestine

Question 24

advantages of continuous feedings

Answer 24

allows gradual introduction of formula
promotes maximal absorption
intestinal feedings are always continuous

Question 25

disadvantages of continuous feedings

Answer 25

requires pumps with limits mobility and increases cost increases risk for reflux and aspiration

Question 26

intramuscularly

Answer 26

injection is given at a 90 degree angle into a muscle

Question 27

intravenously

Answer 27

medication or fluid directly into vein - most affective route

Question 28

intravenous piggyback

Answer 28

medication is prepared in a small volume of fluid is attached to the IV at specified times

Question 29

handheld nebulizer

Answer 29

medication is placed in a device that produces a fine spray for inhalation

Question 30

metered-dose inhaler

Answer 30

an aerosol device delivers medication by inhalation

Question 31

NG tube med route

Answer 31

medication is placed in stomach through a tube in the nose

Question 32

subcutaneously

Answer 32

injection us usually given at a 45 degree angle into subcutaneous tissue

Question 33

what to do if their is a med error

Answer 33

take vital signs and report to the doctor

Question 34

five things to check when administering meds

Answer 34

right patient right med right dose right route right time