Quiz 2 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element.
What is an element?
An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom.
How are atoms symbolized?
Atoms are symbolized using one or two-letter chemical symbols.
What are the categories of elements on the periodic table?
The categories are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
What are building block elements in the human body?
Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
What is a compound?
a substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded together.
How do you read a chemical formula?
A chemical formula shows the elements present and the ratio of atoms of each element.
What are the three subatomic particles?
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What is atomic number?
Atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What is mass number?
Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus.
How can you determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom?
You can determine them from the atomic number and mass number.
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
How do you find the atomic weight of an element?
The atomic weight of each element can be found on the periodic table.
What is the unit of atomic weight?
Atomic weight is typically expressed in atomic mass units (amu).
What is the arrangement of the periodic table?
The periodic table is arranged in groups (columns) and periods (rows).
What are the different types of elements in the periodic table?
The types include main group elements, transition metals, and inner transition metals.
Where are electrons found?
Electrons are found in different, quantized energy levels (shells).
What is the maximum number of electrons in each energy level?
The maximum number of electrons in each energy level is given by the formula 2n².
What are subshells?
Shells are divided into subshells (orbitals) labeled s, p, d, and f.
How do you write electron configurations for elements in periods 1-3?
Electron configurations can be written based on the arrangement of electrons in subshells.
What determines the physical and chemical properties of an element?
The arrangement of electrons, particularly the valence electrons, largely determines these properties.
What are valence electrons?
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell and are important for chemical bonding.
How do you determine the number of valence electrons for elements 1-18?
The number of valence electrons can be determined from the group number on the periodic table.
What are the periodic trends?
Periodic trends include atomic size and ionization energy.
