Quiz 2/27

Question 1

Ad Hominen

Answer 1

Rejecting an argument based on a person’s habits, personality, morals, or character

Question 2

Red Herring

Answer 2

Introducing an irrelevant topic to distract from the actual argument

Question 3

Bandwagon

Answer 3

Arguing that something is true simply because most people believe it

Question 4

Slippery Slope

Answer 4

Arguing that one action will definitely lead to something drastically worse, without sufficient evidence

Question 5

Straw Man

Answer 5

A person simply ignores a person’s actual position and substitutes a distorted, exaggerated, or misinterpreted version of that position

Question 6

Hasty Generalization

Answer 6

Making a claim about a large population based on very little evidence

Question 7

Begging the Question

Answer 7

An argument is assumed to be true with no evidence other than the argument itself

Question 8

Appeal to Authority

Answer 8

The belief that an argument is true because it is made by someone perceived to have authority

Question 9

Double Standard

Answer 9

Judging situations by different standards, instead of using the same standards for all

Question 10

Burden of Proof

Answer 10

Assuming that an argument is false or invalid because it has not been proven

Question 11

Adjectives

Answer 11

Descriptive words used to add emphasis to create an emotional response

Question 12

Alliteration

Answer 12

The repetition of initial consonant sounds in order to emphasize certain words and make them more memorable

Question 13

Anecdotes

Answer 13

Short personal stories used to connect with the audience and add evidence or credibility to an argument

Question 14

Assertion

Answer 14

When an idea is presented as fact without full explanation or evidence; it is used to assert authority and make claims sound factual

Question 15

Attacks

Answer 15

When a speaker/writer addresses an opposing view or speaker and attacks their argument or character

Question 16

Bias

Answer 16

The presentation of only one side of an issue or viewpoint and is used to subjectively influence an audience

Question 17

Connotation

Answer 17

The ideas or feelings that a certain word invokes and is used to create certain emotional responses in an audience

Question 18

Credibility (Ethos)

Answer 18

The establishment of authority and reliability, and is used to gain the confidence and trust of the audience

Question 19

Emotion (Pathos)

Answer 19

Feelings accentuated by experiencing love hate, fear etc. An appeal to emotion is used to engage with an audience and create an emotional response

Question 20

Exaggeration

Answer 20

The representation of something as greater than is actually the case and is used to grab the attention of the audience and emphasize certain points

Question 21

Evidence

Answer 21

The facts or information that indicate whether a view is true or valid and is used to give weight to an argument or belief

Question 22

Figurative Language

Answer 22

Used to create imagery and express things non-literally; it can help to make an idea more emotive, vivid, and convincing

Question 23

Generalization

Answer 23

The inference that a claim is true for most people or a majority and is used to speak to prevailing beliefs or prejudices of an audience

Question 24

Rule of Three

Answer 24

When groups of 3 adjectives or phrases are used to make ideas memorable

Question 25

Jargon

Answer 25

Special words or expressions used by a profession or certain groups; it is used to signal expertise and establish credibility

Question 26

Loaded Words

Answer 26

Words charged with an underlying meaning or implication and are used to produce emotion in an audience

Question 27

Pronouns

Answer 27

Words that take the place of nouns and are used to create a sense of unity with an audience or distance from a common enemy

Question 28

Reason (Logos)

Answer 28

The power of the mind to think and form judgments logically; it is used to appeal to the rationality of an audience

Question 29

Repetition

Answer 29

The reoccurrence of certain words or phrases and it is used to emphasize certain ideas, and make them more memorable

Question 30

Rhetorical Questions

Answer 30

Statements which are voiced as questions but are not expected to be answered; they are used to imply certain answers and draw audiences to certain conclusions