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Vector Borne Disease Quiz 2 > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Chagas’ Disease Pathogen

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

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2
Q

Sleeping sickness pathogen

A

Trypanosoma bruceii gambienese (chronic) and bruceii rhodensiene (acute)

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3
Q

Chagas’ Disease vector

A

Triatomine bug

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4
Q

Chagas’ Disease transmissions

A
  • MOTHER TO CHILD
  • Triatomine bug feces
  • sexual
  • blood transfusion
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5
Q

Sleeping sickness vector

A

Tsetse fly aka glossina flies (g. palpalis, g.tachinoides, g.fuscipides, g. morsitans)

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6
Q

Sleeping sickness transmissions

A

Blood sucking flies

MOTHER TO CHILD

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7
Q

Sleeping sickness phases

A

Hemolymphatic and Neural (after xing blood-brain barrier)
Flu-like, Winterbottom’s sign, Kerandals sign
“Sleeping” coma last part & neural

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8
Q

What is Winterbottoms sign?

A

Enlarged cervical lymph nodes (sleeping sickness)

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9
Q

What is Kerandal’s sign?

A

delayed sensitivity to pain in bony areas (sleeping sickness)

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10
Q

Glossina palpalis/ g. morsitans characteristics (meals, sexual, eggs etc)

A

Both m & f take blood meals
Rest during day on plants, @ night on upper side of leaves
NO EGGS- LIVE LARVA that burrow into ground 4-5 wks
Yellow/brown flies
Hatchet design on wings that fold like scizzors
Saliva has analgesic properties
Forward facing proboscis

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11
Q

Sleeping sickness treatment

A

Antibx, insecticides for environment

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12
Q

Triatomine characteristics

A

Bites around person’s mouth (Kiss of Death), deposit feces into broken skin only,
Latin America
Found in dilapidated, under developed homes

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13
Q

Chagas tx

A

antibx (benzidazole, infurtimox) improve housing situations

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14
Q

Latin American country declared Chagas Free and when

A

Uruguay 1997

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15
Q

Type of pathogen in trypanosomiasis

A

Parasite

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16
Q

Type of pathogen in Onchocerciasis

A

Filarial worm

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17
Q

Pathogen of onchocerciasis

A

onchocerciasis volvus

NO OTHER RESERVOIR- can be Eradicated

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18
Q

Vector of oncho

A

black fly (simulium damnosum (90%) and S.neavi) (S. onchraceum & S. metallicum in South america)

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19
Q

Symptoms of Chagas

A

Parasitic nodules around heart & GI muscle, pts die of problems with these

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20
Q

Black Fly characteristics

A

FEMALES ONLY BITE IN DAYTIME (generally early morning and late afternoon)

REPRODUCE IN FAST-FLOWING WATER

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21
Q

Onchocerciasis symptoms

A

Nodules full of microfliariae
Corneal scratching from inverted eyelashes -> over time, blindness
Rashes (tiger skin)

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22
Q

Oncho control and tx

A

Ivermectin 1-2x per year kills microfilariae
Build sluices on dams so consistent fast water flow
Antibx can affect the ivermectin

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23
Q

Lymphatic Filiariasis pathogen

A

Nematodes (Wucherechia bancrofti generally, Brugia malayi for Asia/Philippines, burgia timori in Indonesia)

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24
Q

Lymphatic Filiariasis vector

A

Lots of mosquitoes: Anopheles most common, Culex quinquefasciatus in americas

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25
LF symptoms
Severe Edema, particularly in testicles, breasts or legs 4 phases: 1. asymptomatic (no babies in blood) 2. asymptomatic (babies in blood) 3. adults in lymph 4. obstructive lesions Lymphedema -> skin infections, lowered immune responses
26
Cycle of LF transmission
requires 100s of bites, ever increasing amts of microfilariae until threshold
27
LF vector characteristics
day biters, breed in still water
28
LF tx
Albendazole and Diethyl carbamizaine (DEC) or ivermectin 1x per year. Only kills adult nematodes, must wait for current babies to grow up and die
29
Malaria pathogen type
parasite
30
Malaria pathogens
``` Plasmodium falciparum (most deadly) P. vivax (most common and mild, stays dormant for yrs) P. malariae P. ovale P. knowlesi ```
31
Malaria vector
Female Anopheles only
32
Malaria vector characteristics
Lay Eggs in "flower shape" instead of raft stand with head down (angled) Female needs blood meal to fertilize eggs- stores sperm
33
Malaria symptoms
parasites fillup red blood cells until lysing, burst quartidian (every 4 days) -> fever
34
Malaria tx
sanitation bed nets hydrochloroquinine
35
Erlichiosis pathogen type
BACTERIA
36
Erlichioisis pathogen
HME: Erlichia chafeensis HGE: Anaplasma phagocytophilium Ewingii in dogs-rarely in humans
37
Erlichiosis vector
Lone Star Tick (Amblyomma americanum) or Brown Deer Tick | (rhipicephalus sanguineus) and Ixodides
38
Erlichiosis symptoms
Muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, chills, confusion, cough, mild fever
39
Erlichiosis reservoirs
White tail deer, white footed mice
40
Erlichiosis tx
Doxycycline, DEET to skin, reduce white tail deer population
41
Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever pathogen type
bacteria
42
RMSF pathogen
rickettsia rickettsii
43
RMSF vectors
types- American Dog Tick (dermacentor variabilis), Rocky Mtn wood tick (dermacentor andersoni), Brown Dog Tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus), (Amblyomma cajennese). 24 hours attachment needed for transmission
44
RMSF symptoms
spotted skin rash, flu-like symptoms
45
RMSF transmission
24 hours of attachment for transmission, in feces (?)
46
RMSF tx
2 wks doxycycline
47
RMSF reservoirs
dogs, deer
48
Lyme disease pathogen type
spirochete bacteria
49
Lyme disease pathogen
Burrelia burgdorferi (spirochete bacteria), B. garinii, B. afzelli
50
Lyme disease vector
NYMPH Ixodidae ticks
51
Lyme disease characteristic symptoms
``` Erythema migrans (bulls eye rash) Flu-like symptoms Bells palsy meningitis Joint swelling ```
52
Lyme disease vector characteristics
NYMPH of ixodides Must attach 36-48 hours Transfer disease through saliva
53
Lyme disease tx
antibx, can have issues post-treatment
54
Chikungunya pathogen type
alphavirus
55
chikungunya pathogen
Chikungunya Virus- alphavirus from togaviridae, ssRNA | Replicates in fibroblasts, skeletal muscle cells
56
Chik vector
Aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus (DAY BITERS) same as dengue and yellow fever
57
Chik epi
found in Tanzania originally, 1st in St. Martin October 2013, Florida locally acquired (only state in US local so far), Colombia in Sept 2014
58
Chikungunya transmission
blood via mosquitoes, MOTHER TO CHILD
59
Chik symptoms
poor feeding, lethargy, meningoencephalitis, distal edema, vesiculobulous lesions (macropapular rash) Acute: 3-7 days after transmission- Fever, severe joint pain,swelling, conjunctivitis, lasts 3-10 days Chronic: relapses of joint pain, Raynaud’s (blue cold fingers), fatigue. Months to years
60
Chik tx
palliative, no care

Vector Borne Disease Quiz 2 (1 decks)

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