Quiz 2

Question 1

Vitamin deficiency anemia

Answer 1

Low b12 or folate from poor diet, vitamins required for erythropoiesis

Question 2

Aplastic anemia

Answer 2

Rare: body stops erythropoiesis resulting from chemicals, drugs, autoimmune issue

Question 3

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 3

Destruction of RBCs resulting from multiple causes, inherited, infection

Question 4

Anemia of chronic disease

Answer 4

Multiple chronic conditions, decreased RBC in marrow, chronic inflammatory and neoplastic states impair RBC production

Question 5

Siderblastic anemia

Answer 5

Multiple causes, bone marrow produces abnormal RBCs which prevent iron from being incorporated in hemoglobin

Question 6

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 6

Inherited, sickle shape RBC

Question 7

Thalassemia

Answer 7

Body produces abnormal alpha or beta chain of hemoglobin (genetic)

Question 8

Types of WBC

Answer 8

Monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils

Question 9

Norm value CBC for WBC

Answer 9

4.5-11.0 x 10^3/ul

Question 10

Leukocytosis

Answer 10

Elevated WBC count

Question 11

Leukopenia

Answer 11

Decreased WBC count

Question 12

Leukocytosis causes

Answer 12

Bacterial infections, corticosteroids, inflammatory process, bone marrow issue, physical exertion, stress, malignancy, smokers, newborns

Question 13

Leukopenia causes

Answer 13

Viral and parasitic infections

Can be: decreased production, radiation, benign ethnic leukopenia, alcohol abuse, poor nutrition, gastric bypass (impairs folic acid absorption so decreased WBC production)

Question 14

CBC differential neutrophil norm values

Answer 14

50-70% of WBC

Absolute neutrophil: 1.8-7.8 x 10^3/ul

Question 15

Neutropenia conditions

Answer 15

Severe (500): high risk bacterial infection
Moderate (500-1000): moderate risk
Mild (1000-1500): mild risk

Question 16

Band neutrophil

Answer 16

Less mature nucleus

Question 17

Segmented neutrophil

Answer 17

Mature nucleus

Question 18

Lymphocytes (3)

Answer 18

T cells, B cells, NK (natural killer) cells

Question 19

Lymphocyte norm value

Answer 19

Varies 20-40%

1.8-4.8 x 10^3/ul

Question 20

Lymphoblast

Answer 20

Immature lymphocyte

Question 21

Lymphocytosis causes

Answer 21

Viral- mono, CMV, HIV, pneumonia, mumps, varicella, flu, hepatitis, rubella, measles, pertussis, bartonella

Question 22

Lymphocytopenia causes

Answer 22

Bacterial or fungal sepsis, postoperative, chemo or radiation, malignancy, glucocorticosteriods, immunosuppressants

Question 23

Monocyte norm value

Answer 23

2-8% of WBC

0.0-0.8 x 10^3/ul

Question 24

Increased monocyte causes

Answer 24

Bacterial, viral, parasitic, hemolytic anemia, autoimmune, myeloproliferative disorder

Question 25

Eosinophils norm value

Answer 25

0-7% | 0.00-0.45 x 10^3/ul

Question 26

Mild, moderate, severe eosinophilia values

Answer 26

Mild: 500-1500 Moderate: 1500-5000 Severe: >5000

Question 27

Eosinophilia causes

Answer 27

Parasites, allergic disorders, drug reactions, occasional autoimmune

Question 28

Eosinopenia causes

Answer 28

Acute or bacterial infections

Question 29

Basophil norm values

Answer 29

0-3% | 0.00-0.20 x 10^3/ul

Question 30

Platelet norm values

Answer 30

150-450 x 10^3/ul

Question 31

Thrombocytopenia causes

Answer 31

Lab error Drug induced HIV, hep c, Epstein Barr virus, sepsis, parasites Alcohol, pregnancy, nutrition, malignancy

Question 32

RBC norm values

Answer 32

Men: 4.6-6.0 x 10^6/ul Women: 3.9-5.5 x 10^6/ul

Question 33

Increased RBC cause

Answer 33

Smoking, dehydration, increased EPO, bone marrow malignancy, polycythemia (abnormal high RBC and high hemoglobin count)

Question 34

Decreased RBC cause

Answer 34

Anemia, bleeding, hematopoietic failure (radiation, toxins, tumor), poor nutrition (b6, b12, folate, iron)

Question 35

Hemoglobin norm value

Answer 35

Men: 13.6-17.2 g/dL Women: 12.0-15.0 g/dL

Question 36

Increased hemoglobin cause

Answer 36

Tobacco and advanced COPD, alcohol abuse, dehydration

Question 37

Decreased hemoglobin cause

Answer 37

Acute blood loss anemia, malnutrition, renal failure, disorder of hemoglobin structure

Question 38

Hematocrit norm values

Answer 38

Men: 41-50% Women: 35-45%

Question 39

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer 39

Decreased iron in body from blood loss, pregnancy, poor diet, gastric bypass

Question 40

Serum iron norm value

Answer 40

60-150 mcg/dL

Question 41

Increased iron causes

Answer 41

Beta-thalassemia Alcoholic cirrhosis (liver damage=increased ferritin) High iron intake Hereditary hemochromatosis

Question 42

Decreased iron causes

Answer 42

``` Iron deficiency anemia Anemia of chronic disease Chronic renal failure Inadequate absorption Increased loss Increased demand (pregnancy) ```

Question 43

Serum ferritin norm values

Answer 43

15-200 ng/ml

Question 44

Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) norm values

Answer 44

250-400 mcg/dL

Question 45

Transferrin saturation value

Answer 45

33% | Serum iron/TIBC = % transferrin sat

Question 46

Sodium norm value

Answer 46

136-142 mEq/L

Question 47

Potassium norm value

Answer 47

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Question 48

Glucose norm value

Answer 48

70-110 mg/dL

Question 49

Creatinine norm value

Answer 49

Men 0.7-1.3 mg/dL | Women 0.6-1.1 mg/dL

Question 50

Bilirubin norm value

Answer 50

0.3-1.2 mg/dL