Quiz 2 Flashcards
Renaissance (67 cards)
1
Q
King’s Company & Duke’s Company
A
The two companies formed early in the reign of Charles II
2
Q
Drury Lane Theatre
A
A Restoration theatre from a patent that Charles II granted Thomas Killgrew in 1662
3
Q
Black Death
A
1347-1350; the Bubonic Plague; took out half the population of Europe
4
Q
Humanism
A
The belief that people, not religion, should be the focus of things. Big in the Italian Renaissance era
5
Q
Guttenberg Printing Press
A
made in 1450, important because it allows us to reproduce and mass-distribute manuscripts
6
Q
Teatro Olimpico
A
The oldest surviving theatre constructed during the Italian Renaissance
7
Q
Andrea Palladio
A
influential Italian architect (1518-1580)
8
Q
Nell Gwynn
A
Most famous actress of the Charles II era, and his mistress
9
Q
Playhouse Creatures
A
1993 play by April DeAngelis about women on stage in the Restoration
10
Q
Samuel Pepy
A
personal friend of Thomas Killigrew, manager of the King’s Company
- Had a diary that covers 1660-1669
- went to the theatre 351 times
11
Q
John Dryden
A
1631-1700;
graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge
– Dominant literary figure of the Restoration; poet, translator, playwright, essaysist
– 1668 (Poet Laureate)
–All For Love (1678); a tragedy based on Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra
– Marriage a la Mode (1672) ; comedy
12
Q
Comedies of Intrigue
A
Restoration Comedy with daring exploits of romance and adventure, and complicated plots.
– Aphra Behn (1640 - 1689)
13
Q
Comedies of Manners
A
Restoration Comedy with focus on the fashions and foibles of the upper class
(influenced by Moiliere)
14
Q
Rakes
A
Restoration Comedy trope:
- opportunistic young men, attractive to women and on the prowl;
- selfish, witty, used people
- initiated the action
15
Q
Fops
A
Restoration Comedy trope:
- fools, would-be rakes, had a penchant for fashion and silliness
- source of humor, but oblivious to their own silliness
16
Q
Aphra Behn
A
(1640-1689)
- First professional Female Playwright
- English
- The Rover (1681)
- The Emperor of the Moon
17
Q
William Congreve
A
- Love for Love (1695) [biggest hit]
- - The Way of the World (1700) [considered quintessential Restoration Comedy]
18
Q
4 Key Changes in Theatre in the Italian Renaissance
A
- Acting
- Dramatic criticism
- Theatre Architecture
- Scene Design
19
Q
5 Key elements in the Development of Elizabethan Theatre
A
- Protestant Reformation
- Tudor Pageantry
- Medieval Stagecraft
- Renaissance Learning and Ideas
- Defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588)
20
Q
Tudor Pageantry
A
A hyrbid of dramatic form of literature, ritual, and politics
- very spectacled
- composed by bright young men who wanted political office
21
Q
Senex
A
Elizabethan Stock Character:
old man in authority
22
Q
Miles Gloriosus
A
Elizabethan Stock Character:
braggart soldier
23
Q
Shrew
A
Elizabethan Stock Character:
sharp-tongued woman
24
Q
Machiavel
A
Elizabethan Stock Character:
political schemer
25
Caluminator believed
Elizabethan Stock Character:
| a liar who is believed
26
Idiotes
Elizabethan Stock Character:
| A malcontent
27
Pedant
Elizabethan Stock Character:
| in love with the sound of his own didactic voice
28
Christopher Marlowe
1564-1593
- - established blank verse as a dramatic medium
- - MA from Cambridge
- - part of "the Admiral's Men"
- - was killed in a brawl
Tragedies (need to know 2):
- - Tamburlaine
- - Dido Queen of Carthage
- - Dr. Faustus
- - Edward II
- - Jew of Malta
29
Ben Johnson
1572 - 1637
- - Educated at Westminster School
- - no university but the most learned of the playwrights
Comedies of Horror (need to know 2):
- - Every Man in His Humor
- - Volpone
- - The Alchemist
- - Bartholomew Fair
30
Acting Companies in Elizabethan Renaissance
1590-1642: 20 companies of actors in london, but only 4 or 5 played at one time
Key members included:
- - Shareholders
- - Apprentices
- - Hired Men
31
Lord Chamberlain's Men
-- Formed under Lord Strange, but he died in 1594, ,so took in Henry Carey, the Lord Chamberlain
- - Performed at the Theatre and the Curtain
- - 1599 Moved to the Globe; 1600 leading theatrical company in London
- - 1603 became the King's Men under royal patent from James I.
- - Successful until Puritains closed the theatres in 1642
32
English Women Actors
-- No women on ENGLISH stage in Shakespeare's day so all the parts were played by boys
33
William Shakespeare
April 23, 1564 - April 23, 1616
- - Born in Stratford-upon-Avon
- - Married Anne Hathaway in 1582 at age 18
- - 3 children: Susana, Hamnet, and Judith
- - 1595 record of membership in Lord Chamberlain's Men
-- Name 5 of his plays
34
First Folio
1623:
- -The first collection of Shakespeare's plays.
- - 36 plays, 18 of which had never been published before.
35
The Theatre
- - Britain's first playhouse (1576)
| - - built by Leicester's Men in Finsbury Fields.
36
The Globe
- - Build in 1598 for the Lord Chamberalin's Men
- - AKA The "Wooden O"
- - Burned Down in 1613 during a production of Henry VIII
- - Rebuilt 1614
- - had "groundlings" sit on the floor
37
Key Elements of Jacobean Tragedy
- - A sense of defeat
- - A Mood of spiritual despair
- - Theme of insanity, of man pressed beyond the limit of endurance
- - Moral confusion that threatens to unbalance the heroes
-- Came to a climax in 1605, in part a consequence of anxiety surrounding death of Queen Elizabeth I and accession of James I
-- Elizabethans affirmed life, the Jacobeans were posessed by death
38
2 Childrens Acting companies
- -Children of the Chapel Royal
| - - St. Paul's boys
39
Lope de Vega
```
Spanish Dramatist (1562 - 1635)
-- distinctive episodic structure
```
Need to know at least 1:
- - The Dog in the Manger,
- - The Knight from Olmedo
- - The Foolish woman
- - The Flowers of Don Juan
- - Punishment without Revenge
40
Pedro Caledron de la Barca
```
Spanish Dramatist (1600 - 1681)
-- Many plays translated and influenced neoclassical France, Restoration England, and German Romantics
```
-- wrote Life is a Dream (among many others)
41
Zarzuela
Court entertainment influenced by Italian Opera and intermezzi
-- stylized musical drama with a story based on mythology and ornate scenic effects
42
5 Key elements of Stage and Costumes in the Comedias
- - Proscenium arch introduced only at court
- - Zarzuela
- - Contemporary (or in some circumstances, lavish) clothing
- - Historical and mythical figures dressed more elaborately
- - Moors portrayed as villains and dressed in a distinctive way
43
Cardinal Richelieu
heavy influence over what became the neoclassical ideal
- - French stage needed drastic reform
- - Looked to Italy for guidance
- - Advocated adoption of the proscenium stage and perspective scenery
- - drama should adhere to theoretical principles from Italy during the 16th century
44
The Neoclassical Ideal
There are only two legitimate forms of drama: tragedy and comedy
- -Tragedy deals with affairs of state
- -Comedy deals with love
- -NEVER MIX THE TWO
- - 5 acts
- - Unity of time, place, and action
- - poetic justice must triumph
- - Heavily draws on Aristotle and Horace
45
Neoclassicists
Believe the purpose of drama is to teach and to please
46
Comedie-Francaise
The french National Theatre
- - had a horseshoe-shape construction
- - known today as the House of Moliere
47
Gender in French Theatre
- - before 1630, 'honest women' did not go to the theatre
- - Unlike England, France had no restrictions for women performing
- - BUT, acting was seen as morally wrong by the Catholic church and other religious groups
- - so, actors had fantastical stage names
48
Pierre Corneille
1606-1684
- - w/ Racine, the greatest classical tragic drmatist
- - Educated by Jesuits
- - founder of French tragedy
- - wrote The Cid
- - the subject of a tragedy should be remote and improbable, with as many striking and extraordinary situations as were compatible with unity of action
- - Conflict usually ends not in death and destruction, but rather in moral growth and an abiding sense of duty
- - protagonists realize that they must have the moral strength to do what is right, regardless of personal cost
49
The Cid
1636, Pierre Corneille
- - most popular play in France at the time
- - did not obey all the neoclassical rules; French Academy praised it but criticized the deviations; controversy legitimized the neoclassical view
- - influenced by Spanish tales of a famous 11th century warrior of the same name
- - Conflict between claims of society and personal choice
- - in the end love must subordinate to a higher sense of purpose
50
Jean Racine
1639-1699
- - fused the Greek idea of fate with Jansenist belief in human helplessness to roduce unique tragedies of will vs. passions
- - wrote Phaedra
51
Corneille vs. Racine
-- Corneille characters are moral giants with indomitable will; Racine's are human
(Swack: think Sophocles v. Euripides)
52
Moliere
aka Jean Baptist Poquelin
(1622 - 1673)
-- Direct and acted in his plays, wrote the best stuff for himself
-- 12 best satires of all times
-- affirmed the potency of comedy as a serious, flexible art form
-- credit for modern form of "Comedy of manners" and "comedy of character"
-- dope comic dramatist
-- leading french comic actor
Need to know 3 of:
(1 or 2 act plays)
- - The Jealous Husband
- - The Flying Doctor
- - Sganarelle
- - The Rehearsal at Versailles
- - The Forced Marriage
```
(3-5 act plays)
-- The School for Husbands
-- The School for wives
-- Tartuffe
-- Don Juan
-- The Misanthrope
.. many others
```
53
alexandre
a relaxed dialogue that imitated conversational speech
54
Tartuffe
- - Written 1664 and immediately banned
| - - Repeated appeals to the King and re-writes to get it lifted; approved 1669
55
Moliere's Death
Collapsed onstage Feb. 17, 1673; performing The Imaginary Invalid, and died that evening
-- Church officials refused to officiate or formally bury him
56
lazzi
physical comedy utilized in commediea del arte that includes comedic tropes like slapstick
57
Il Vecchi
Commedia stock character:
- - literally "the old ones"
- - includes Panatolne and Il Dottore
58
Pantalone
Commedia stock character:
- - literally "Mr. big pants"
- - a greedy, wealthy, lecherous, miserly character (think Mr. Burns)
- - wears baggy red pants
59
Il Dottore
Commedia stock character:
a smug know-it-all professor who is actually a fool
-- usually dressed in university garb
60
Capitani
Commedia stock character:
-- literally "the soliders"
full of bravery, but not great at what they do
-- includes Milos Gloriosus
61
Il Capitano
Commedia stock character:
- - literally "the captain"
- - leader of the Capitani
- - usually runs away when confronted by real danger
62
Il Zanni
Commedia stock character:
- - the servants (think zany)
- - bottom of the food chain
63
Arlechino (sometimes, Harlequin)
Commedia stock character:
- - nimble, acrobatic, tricky servant
- - not always bright, but usually wins anyway
64
Truffledino
Commedia stock character:
| --subset of arlechino; always HUNGRY
65
Columbina
Commedia stock character:
- - the sassy maid (think Maria from 12th night?)
- - brainy too
- - knows how to use her sexuality
66
Brighella
Commedia stock character:
- - the inkeeper, bartender
- - usually the knuckles of the operation (maybe like Thenardier)
67
Gli Inamorada
Commedia stock characterr:
- - The lovers
- - usually do NOT wear masks
