Quiz #2 Therapeutic Massage Flashcards
(25 cards)
examples of massage
- Swedish massage
- Myofascial release
- Rolfing
- Shiatsu
- Trigger point therapy
- Sports massage
- Graston
- Neuromuscular therapy
- Craniosacral therapy
- Reflexology
mechanical stim done via what
rhythmic application of pressure & stretch
2 categories of physiological effects of massage
– Reflexive: Stimulation of sensory receptors, Autonomic nervous system
– Mechanical: Create changes in structures through direct pressure
* inc mechanical effects = dec reflexive effects
start w mechanical or reflexive
- Need to start with reflexive techniques, followed by mechanical technqiues
reflexive effects
Effects on Pain: Gate Control Theory (Endogenous Opiate Release)
Effects on Circulation: Capillary dilation (= inc BV & BF =inc temp), Movement of fluids (= inc lymphatic flow = dec edema)
Effects on Metabolism: Does not change metabolism, Movement helps with removal of waste and introduction of fresh blood and oxygen
mechanical effects
- Techniques that:
– Stretch muscles
– Elongate fascia
– Mobilize soft-tissue adhesions/restrictions - Application to deeper tissue adhesions/restrictions in:
– Muscles
– Tendons
– Fascia
mechanical effects on m.
– Mechanical stretch of the intramuscular connective
tissue
– Relieve pain and discomfort related to myofascial trigger points
– inc bf to skeletal muscle
– Slow down muscle atrophy after injury
– inc ROM (stretching muscle & scar tissue)
– Does NOT inc muscle strength or tone
mechanical effects on skin
– inc skin temperature
– inc sweating
– Loosen adhesions and softens scars between skin & underlying tissue
– Toughens & softens the skin
– Removes dead cells after prolonged time in a cast
physiological effects of massage (vague ones)
- Feeling of being helped
- Sedative effect
- Lower psycho-emotional and somatic arousal
– i.e. tension and anxiety - Application should inspire:
– Confidence
– Well-being
secondary effects Psychoneuroimmunological:
Feeling of relaxation causes:
* dec in anxiety & cortisol levels
* Improved T-cell function
secondary effects energetic
Energetic
– Influence body’s biomagnetic field pattern
* Improves energy flow
misconceived effects
It does NOT:
– Remove lactic acid
– Improve physical performance
– dec muscle fatigue
– inc arterial blood flow
– inc muscle temperature
important factors to consider before strating
- Patient position
- Elevation of injured area, if possible
- Therapist position
- Use of lubricant
- Start with superficial strokes to spread lubricant
Pressure in the direction of venous flow
Direction of lymphatic flow
Do not cause pain
Pressure
Rhythm
Begin & end with effleurage - Overlap strokes
- Direction of force in line with direction of muscle fibers
- Duration
- Consider the contours of the body, bony prominences
swedish masssage components
– Effleurage
– Petrissage
– Tapotment
– Vibration
effleurage
- Gliding stroke to start & end massage
– Spreads lubricant
– Accustom patient to physical contact of AT
– Allows AT to localize spasm, soreness, trigger points, pressure points
– Promotes relaxation & sensory reflexes - Helps venous and lymphatic flow
- Increases superficial circulation
Deep stroking is a type of effleurage, with more pressure, producing a mechanical effect
petrissage
Kneading technique
– Press/squeeze and roll/lift muscles
– Strokes from distal to proximal
– Strokes parallel or perpendicular to muscle
inc venous and lymphatic return
– Push out metabolic waste products with intense, vigorous
strokes
Break down adhesions between skin & underlying tissues
– Loosen adherent fibrous tissue
inc skin elasticity
tapotement or percussion
- Brisk blows
– Done with relaxed hands - Stimulate subcutaneous structures
- inc circulation / blood flow
- Peripheral nerve ending stimulation
(hacking, slapping/tapping w fingers, beating, clapping/cupping)
FRICTION MASSAGE
- Applied on ligaments, tendons, and muscles
– Small circular movements
– Move tissue under skin with fixated fingers - Loosen adherent fibrous tissue
- Soften joint inflammation
– Help absorb local edema/effusion - dec local muscle spasm
- Deep pressure on trigger points
vibration
- Shaking technique
- Relax muscle
- Faster vibration prior to competition
– inc systemic arousal & muscular awareness
transverse friction massage
- Used more specifically for chronic tendon inflammation
- inc inflammation to complete inflammatory phase
– Move onto later stage of healing - Place tendon on slight stretch
– Apply intense pressure perpendicular to fibers
– 7-10 minutes - Causes pain (consider ice application)
MYOFASCIAL / ACUPUNCTURE POINTS
- Hyperirritable area found in:
– Muscles
– Tendons
– Fascia
– Ligaments
– Joint capsule
– Periosteum
– Skin
how to find myofascial/acupuncture pt
- To find trigger points:
– Refer to trigger point or acupuncture point charts
– Palpate area, looking for tender area or noduleswh
why do myofascial/acupuncture pts become painful
due to direct trauma or overuse
myofascial release
- Combination of traction & stretch
- Fascia gets:
– Viscoelastic lengthening
– Plastic deformation - Little to no lubricant necessary
- Requires experience
– Myofascial restrictions are unpredictable, occurring in different planes or directions
– Hold stretch for long period of time until release is felt
