Quiz 3

Question 0

What is rotator cuff tear

Answer 0

When the tendons of the rotator cuff separate from the bone

Question 1

What is Bursa

Answer 1

A cushion between bones to prevent bone on bone grind

Question 2

What is frozen shoulder

Answer 2

Adhesive capsulitis is another name for this And it leads to stiffness of the joint

Question 3

What is calcific tendonitis

Answer 3

A condition of calcium deposits within a tndon, most commonly within the rotator cuff tendons

Question 4

What are some effects of shoulder pain

Answer 4

Inability to carry objects
Injury that causes deformity of the joint
Inability to raise the arm
Pain that occurs at night or while resting
Swelling or significant bruising around the joint or arm

Question 5

What are some treatments for shoulder pain

Answer 5

Rest
Ice and heat application
Stretching
Occupational therapy
Anti-inflammatory medications
Cortizone injections

Question 6

Do you use ice or heat when there is swelling

Answer 6

Ice

Question 7

What is the condition when the space that holds the tendons and bursa become too narrow to accommodate them

Answer 7

Impingement syndrome

Question 8

What are some symptoms of Shoulder bursitis

Answer 8

Pain with overhead activities
Pain while sleeping at night
Pain over the outside of the shoulder/upper arm

Question 9

What type of test is usually used to diagnose the rotator cuff tear

Answer 9

MRI

Question 10

When the rotator cuff is injured, it’s the what of the rotator cuff that is injured?

Answer 10

Tendons

Question 11

What are some symptoms of rotator cuff tears

Answer 11

Most common symptoms is pain Over the top of the shoulder and arm
The pain can decend down the outside of the arm and all the way to the elbow
Weakness causes difficulty lifting arm up over head or difficulty with activities such as reaching, getting dressed, or carrying objects

Question 12

What are the primary goals during the acute phase of hand injuries

Answer 12

Pain relief, maintaining joint and limb alignment, and restoring function of the primary goals

Question 13

When prolonged immobilization is Necessary, it is usually best to place the patients hand in what position

Answer 13

Intrinsic plus position

Question 14

In acute hand injuries, is the no pain no gain true

Answer 14

No

No pain better gain is more accurate

Question 15

Should PROM be used in acute hand injuries

Answer 15

PROM can be injurious. You can disturb healing tissues, cause further inflammation, and damage structures

Question 16

What should you not use on patients who have edema or swelling

Answer 16

Heat

Question 17

What is a better activity for patients to do with an acute hand injury

Answer 17

Perform activity like turning a lid rather than squeezing a ball

Question 18

What should A therapist do during an assessment of an acute hand injury after surgery

Answer 18

Observe the appearance of the upper extremity, position of hand/arm at rest, and the position the patient carries it in.
Look for lacerations, sutures, evidence of recent surgery, skin integrity
Always follow universal precautions for all wounds.
Observe scar location, length width, and height
Any scar crossing a joint may form a contracture
The affected part should be compared to the unaffected part

Question 19

When is hand strength usually assessed

Answer 19

After the healing phase of trauma

Question 20

What is measured to assess the presence of edema

Answer 20

Hand volume using things such as a volumeter

Question 21

When assessing nerve damage, test can be divided into four categories. What are those categories

Answer 21

Test for pain, heat, cold, touch pressure
Functional tests to assess the quality sensation
Objective tests that do not require the participation of the patient
Provocative tests that reproduce symptoms

Question 22

What are some good tests used for carpal Tunnel diagnosis

Answer 22

Tinel's sign
Phalen's test
Carpal compression
Elbow flexion for a period of 3 to 5 minutes
Vibration

Question 23

What is Tinel’s sign

Answer 23

Gently tapping along the course of the nerve, starting distally and moving proximately to elicit a tingling sensation in the fingertips

Question 24

What is Phalen's test

Answer 24

It's when you flex the wrist dorsum of hands pressing them together. Hold for one minute. Test is positive if tingling in the medial nerve distribution

Question 25

What are some assessment tests for dexterity

Answer 25

``` Minnesota rate of manipulation test Box and block Perdue pegboard 9 hole peg test Jebson test of hand function TEMPA ```

Question 26

What are some basic interventions for edema

Answer 26

Elevation, massage, compression, and AROM | Contrast bath

Question 27

What are some basic interventions for wound healing and scar remodeling

Answer 27

Compression and desensitization are used to promote Scar softening and maturation. Silicone gel pads can help promote scar maturation

Question 28

More than half of occupational illnesses and disorders are due to what

Answer 28

Overuse

Question 29

Treatment during the acute phase of a hand injury is R.I.C.E. What does it stand for

Answer 29

Rest Ice Compression Elevation

Question 30

What are some ways to treat tendinitis

Answer 30

Pain must be avoided Address reaching a gripping Ergonomic adjustments can have dramatic effects Exercise to increase proximal stability and scapular stabilization Teach patience to avoid wrist deviation, especially in conjunction with pinching Provide Built-handles

Question 31

One of the four areas that are affected by tendinitis

Answer 31

Extensor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor tenosynovitis (trigger finger)

Question 32

How do you treat radial nerve injury

Answer 32

Innervates the extensor group of the forearm. Sensory loss of radial nerve does not usually result in dysfunction. A dorsal splint that provides wrist extension, MCP extension, thumb extension to protect the extensor tendon from over stretching

Question 33

What does the Medial nerve injury do and treated

Answer 33

Innervates the flexors of the forearm | Splints that position in Palmer abduction with slight opposition.

Question 34

What does an ulnar nerve injury do and how is it treated

Answer 34

Innervates only the flexor carpi ulnaris, median half of the FTP, and intrinsics. Results in hyperextension of MCPs at RF and small finger Splints should block hyperextension of MCPs

Question 35

What is the most common fracture

Answer 35

Distal radius which is typically a result from a fall on outstretched hand

Question 36

What's some general information about rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 36

Chronic, systematic, autoimmune disorder Body attacks itself Inflammation of joints will occur over long periods of time Damage done during the active stage remains Usually occurs between the ages 30 and 40 Women are three times more commonly affected than men

Question 37

What are some common symptoms of RA

Answer 37

``` Fatigue Loss of appetite Fever Weight-loss Overall achiness or stiffness synovitis ```

Question 38

In RA, joint swelling results from what

Answer 38

Abundance of synovial fluid | Enlargement of the synovium

Question 39

What will inflamed joints look and feel like

Answer 39

Warm, swollen, tender, often red Difficult or painful to move Typically accompanied by a loss of range of motion, strength, endurance

Question 40

In RA, what are the most common sites of thumb inflammation

Answer 40

MCP joints | CMC joints

Question 41

In RA, As inflammation continues what happens

Answer 41

It's invades Cartlidge, bone, tendons and secretes enzymes that damaged them

Question 42

What are the joints most affected by RA

Answer 42

``` Wrist Thumb Hand PIP MCP ```

Question 43

What are some common deformities of RA

Answer 43

Swan neck deformity Boutonnière deformity Trigger finger

Question 44

What is osteoarthritis

Answer 44

Disease that causes breakdown of cartilage in joints leading to joint pain and stiffness Not inflammatory Referred to as the wear and tear disease More common in men at the age of 45, beyond 54 years, more common in women

Question 45

Osteoarthritis can affect any joint, but most frequently seen where

Answer 45

Weight-bearing joints such as the hips, knees, spine Metatarsal phalangeal joints of the big toe DIP, PIP joints of the hands and carpometacarpal joint at the base of the thumb

Question 46

What are some symptoms of osteoarthritis

Answer 46

Appears as minor aches or soreness with movement. Pain most frequently felt after long periods of inactivity. Become stiff, although movement is possible If not moved, surrounding musculature becomes weak

Question 47

What is Osteophytes

Answer 47

Bone spurs may form in fingers or base of the thumb. Hard to the touch If seen at the DIP joint = Heberden's nodes If seen at the PIP joint = Bouchard's nodes Most common symptom is pain with motion

Question 48

What is Gout

Answer 48

Metabolic disease marked by urate deposits that cause recurrent acute episodes of arthritis Occurs in the middle aged men who are 40 to 50 years old, rarely occurs in women until after menopause

Question 49

What is Crepitation

Answer 49

Seen in both RA and OA and occurs as the joints degenerate. | Characterized by a grating, crunching, or popping sensation and/or sound.

Question 50

What is joint laxity

Answer 50

Describes ligamentous instability and major cause for loss of hand function

Question 51

What is the medical management for Arthritis

Answer 51

No known cure, treatment geared towards reducing inflammation, pain, and joint damage Drug therapy such as aspirin, NSAIDS, steroids Surgical intervention

Question 52

What is some occupational therapy intervention for osteoarthritis

Answer 52

Evaluation should consider factors such as: Morning stiffness, medication schedule, activity tolerance, proper positioning Energy conservation joint protection techniques are essential in all areas of ADL

Question 53

What's OTs major treatment objectives for RA or OA

Answer 53

Maintain or increase joint mobility and strength Increased physical endurance Prevent, correct, or minimize the effect of deformities Maintain or increase ability to perform ADL Increased knowledge Psychological