Quiz 3

Question 1

Compression

Answer 1

Squeezing or pressing force

Question 2

Tension

Answer 2

Pulling or stretching force

Question 3

Shear

Answer 3

Perpendicular force and directed parallel to a surface

Question 4

Bending

Answer 4

Compression of one side and torsion on the other

Question 5

Torsion

Answer 5

Twisting of the body

Question 6

Deformation

Answer 6

Change in shape

Question 7

Acute

Answer 7

Single force of sufficient magnitude that causes injury (macro-trauma)

Question 8

Repetitive

Answer 8

Repeated loads over and over again

Question 9

Chronic

Answer 9

Microtrauma

Question 10

Vector resolution

Answer 10

Horizontal and vertical vector

Question 11

Stiffness

Answer 11

Stress/strain in a loaded material

Question 12

Stress

Answer 12

Loads that are put in bones (forces)

Question 13

Strain

Answer 13

How much it deforms (deformation)

Question 14

Collagen

Answer 14

Gives the ability to deform

Question 15

Compression strength

Answer 15

Resist compression

Question 16

Water content

Answer 16

25%-30% is water in bones

Question 17

Cortical bone

Answer 17

The shaft of the long bone (smooth bone)

Question 18

Trabecular bone

Answer 18

Has many pores in there (spongy bone)

Question 19

Periosteum

Answer 19

A membrane that covers the bone

Question 20

Osteoblasts

Answer 20

Bone building

Question 21

Osteoclasts

Answer 21

Bone destroying

Question 22

Axial skeleton

Answer 22

Skull, vertebrae, sternum, ribs

Question 23

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 23

Limbs

Question 24

Short bones

Answer 24

Wrist bones, ankle bones

Question 25

Flat bones

Answer 25

Sternum, patella, ribs, scapula

Question 26

Long bones

Answer 26

Humerus,ulna, femur, tibia, fibula

Question 27

Wolffs Law

Answer 27

States the shape of the bone density, and size depends on the loads that are being exerted on that bone

Question 28

Osteocyte

Answer 28

Control osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 29

Osteoporosis

Answer 29

A disorder, decreased bone mass and strength

Question 30

Osteopenia

Answer 30

Wearing that will eventually lead to osteoporosis

Question 31

Type l (post menopausal)

Answer 31

osteoporosis affects about 40% of women after age 50

Question 32

Type ll (age-associated)

Answer 32

Osteoporosis affects most women and men after the age 70

Question 33

Joints

Answer 33

The connection of two bones

Question 34

Synarthroses

Answer 34

Immovable

Question 35

Amphisrthroses

Answer 35

Slightly moveable

Question 36

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 36

Slightly moves, disc separating the bones

Question 37

Diarthroses or synovial joints

Answer 37

Freely moveable

Question 38

Gliding joint

Answer 38

Carpal bones of the wrist

Question 39

Uniaxial

Answer 39

Movement in one plane (knee, elbow)

Question 40

Pivot joint

Answer 40

Atlas and axis allow rotation

Question 41

Saddle joint

Answer 41

Occurs in the thumb

Question 42

Condyloid

Answer 42

Biaxial (metacarpals , phalanges)

Question 43

Articular cartilage

Answer 43

1mm thick increases the surface by replacing the force within the body , it’s more for lubrication to allow smooth movements

Question 44

Articular fibrocartilage

Answer 44

Soft tissue discs or menisci , spread that load over a larger surface area

Question 45

ROM

Answer 45

Angle through which a joint moves