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MICR33 - Spring 2025 > Quiz #3 > Flashcards

Quiz #3 Flashcards

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1
Q

purpose of Casein Hydrolysis Test

A

to ID bact. that produce caseinase

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2
Q

function of caseinase

A

breaks down casein

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3
Q

medium for Casein Hydrolysis Test and its color

A

milk agar (white due to casein)

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4
Q

procedure for Casein Hydrolysis Test

A

1) streak a line of org onto Milk Agar Plate
2) incubate at 37°C for ~48 hours

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5
Q

theory for Casein Hydrolysis Test

A

Casein (white protein)
-> caseinase ->
Amino Acids (clear)

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6
Q

Casein Hydrolysis Test results

A

+ = clearing around the streak line
- = no clearing around the streak line

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7
Q

purpose of Gelatin Hydrolysis Test

A

to ID bact. that produce gelatinase

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8
Q

function of gelatinase

A

breaks down gelatin

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9
Q

medium for Gelatin Hydrolysis Test and its solidifying agent

A

Nutrient Gelatin Deep
SA = gelatin

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10
Q

Gelatin Hydrolysis Test procedure

A

1) inoculate org into Nutrient Gelatin Deep
2) Incubate at 25°C for >=48 hours

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11
Q

Gelatin Hydrolysis Test theory

A

Gelatin (solid at room temp)
-> gelatinase ->
Amino Acids (liquid)

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12
Q

Gelatin Hydrolysis Test results

A

+ = liquid
- = solid

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13
Q

Purpose of Starch Hydrolysis Test

A

to ID bact. that produce amylase

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14
Q

amylase function

A

breaks down starch

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15
Q

Starch Hydrolysis Test medium

A

Starch Agar Slant

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16
Q

Starch Hydrolysis Test procedure

A

1) inoculate org onto Starch Agar Slant
2) incubate at 37°C for ~48 hours

  • after incubation, add Iodine -> binds to starch -> blue/black coloring
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17
Q

Starch Hydrolysis Test theory

A

Starch (colorless)
-> Amylase ->
Simple Sugars (colorless)

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18
Q

Which is a positive result for the Starch Hydrolysis Test and which is the negative

A

Left is positive (colorless portion)
right is negative (all blue)

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19
Q

fermentation definition

A

metabolic process that converts sugar -> acid & possibly gas

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20
Q

what is the sugar fermentation test useful in identifying

A

Gram-negative rods (GNRs)

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21
Q

purpose of sugar fermentation test

A

to determine if bact ferment a sugar -> acid & possibly gas

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22
Q

medium for sugar fermentation test

A

PR ____ Broth
( ____ = desired carbohydrate)

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23
Q

what does PR ____ Broth contain

A

~1% of desired carbohydrate
phenol red
durham tube

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24
Q

function of phenol red in PR ____ Broth and TSIA

A

pH indicator

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25
Phenol Red coloring due to pH
acidic = yellow neutral = red basic = bright pink
26
durham tube definition
inverted tube that traps gas
27
procedure of sugar fermentation test
1) inoculate org into PR ____ Broth 2) incubate @ 37°C, 24-48 hrs ONLY
28
theory of sugar fermentation test
bact that can ferment the sugar will produce acid & possibly gas
29
results of sugar fermentation test
fermentation into acid only = yellow fermentation into acid & gas = yellow + gas NO FERMENTATION = red/bright pink
30
TSIA stands for
triple sugar iron agar
31
what is TSIA useful in identifying
Gram-negative rods (GNRs)
32
what does TSIA test for
fermentation of 3 sugars sulfur reduction
33
medium for TSIA
TSIA slant
34
procedure for TSIA
1) use inoculating needle to stab into bottom of tube, then make lazy S on surface of slant 2) incubate @ 37°C, 24-48 hrs ONLY
35
what does TSIA contain
0.1% Glucose 1% Lactose 1% Sucrose Phenol Red
36
2 regions in tube for TSIA
slant butt
37
oxygen requirements of slant for TSIA
aerobic
38
oxygen requirements of butt for TSIA
anaerobic
39
Possible Results for TSIA
- org ferments glucose & lactose and/or sucrose - org ferments glucose only - org cannot ferment glucose, lactose, or sucrose
40
what happens when an organism frments glucose & lactose and/or sucrose in TSIA
acid is produced -> entire tub turns yellow
41
coloring of TSIA when an organism frments glucose & lactose and/or sucrose
slant = yellow butt = yellow
42
what happens when an org ferments glucose only in TSIA
acid is produced -> entire tube turns yellow at first -> switches to protein catabolism once glucose is consumed -> basic products in aerobic environments
43
coloring of TSIA when an org fermetns glucose only in TSIA
slant = red or bright pink butt = yellow
44
what happens when an org cannot ferment glucose, lactose, or sucrose in TSIA
no acid produced
45
coloring of TSIA when an org cannot ferment glucose, lactose, or sucrose
slant = red/bright pink butt = red
46
what does gas production look like in TSIA
bubbles/cracks in agar
47
theory of TSIA and sulfur reduction
some bact can reduce sulfur -> hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (colorless)
48
what does TSIA slant contain (sulfur reduction)
cysteine ferrous sulfate
49
function of cysteine in TSIA slant
sulfur source
50
function of ferrous sulfate in TSIA slant
H2S indicator Ferrous sulfate + H2S -> Black
51
results of TSIA in regard to sulfur reduction
black -> sulfur reduction no black -> no sulfur reduction
52
purpose of litmus milk test
to determine if bact can ferment the lactose in milk
53
medium for litmus milk test
litmus milk medium
54
what does litmus milk medium contain
lactose litmus base
55
function of litmus blue in litmus milk test
pH indicator
56
coloring of litmus milk test according to pH
acidic = pink neutral-basic = blue/purple
57
procedure of litmus milk test
1) inoculate org into litmus milk medium 2) incubate @ 37°C, 24-48 hrs ONLY
58
limus milk test theory
some bact can ferment lactose -> acid
59
results of litmus milk test
+ = pink - = blue/purple
60
what is IMViC useful in identifying
GNRs
61
what 4 tests does IMViC constain
I = indole production test M = methyl red test V = voges proskauer test C = citrate utilization test
62
Indole Production Test purpose
to ID bact that produces tryptophanase
63
function of tryptophanase
breaks down tryptophan
64
Indole Production Test medium
tryptone broth
65
what does tryptone broth contain
tryptophan
66
Indole Production Test procedure
1) inoculate org into tryptone broth 2) incubate @ 37°C ~48 hrs
67
Indole Production Test theory
Tryptophan -Tryptophanase-> Pyruvic Acid + Ammonium + Indole (colorless)
68
what is added after incubation for the Indole Production Test
6 drops of Kovac's Reagent
69
function of Kovac's Reagent
KR reacts w/ Indole -> Rosindole (pink)
70
results of Indole Production Test
+ = pink at top - = yellow at top
71
MVRP Test purpose
to distinguish between bact that produce (1) mixed acids from glucose(MR) - OR - (2) neutral product acetoin from glucose(VP)
72
MVRP Test medium
glucose-supplemented nutrient broth
73
MRVP Test procedure
1) inoculate org into Glucose-supplemented Nutrient Broth 2) incubate at 37°C ~48 hrs 3) after incubation, add 10 drops of methyl red
74
Methyl Red Test theory
some bact can produce mixed acids from glucose
75
how to detect acid in MR test
adding Methyl Red (pH indicator)
76
coloring of MR test due to pH
acid = red neutral-basic = yellow
77
results of MR test
+ = red - = yellow
78
Voges Proskauer Test Theory
some bact can produce neutral product acetoin (colorless) from glucose
79
how is acetoin detected in VP test
add 10 drops of VP1 and 10 drops of VP2 after incubation
80
what is VP1
alpha-naphthol
81
what is VP2
guanidine in KOH(potassium hydroxide)
82
theory of acetoin detection
Acetoin + VP1 -> Diacetyl (colorless) + VP2 -> Red
83
results of VP test
+ = Red - = Yellow
84
Citrate Utilization Test purpose
to test if an org can utilize sodium citrate as the only carbon source
85
Citrate Utilization Test medium
Simmon's Citrate Agar Slant
85
only carbon source in simmon's citrate agar slant
sodium citrate
86
only nitrogen source in simmon's citrate agar slant
ammonium
87
what is simmon's citrate agar composed of
sodium citrate ammonium bromothymol blue
88
function of bromothymol blue
pH indicator
89
coloring of bromothymol blue based on pH
acidic = yellow neutral = green basic = blue
90
Citrate utilization test procedure
1) inoculate org onto simmon's citrate agar slant 2) incubate at 37°C ~48 hrs
91
Citrate utilization test theory
citrate -citrate permease-> ammonia + ammonium hydroxide(both products = basic)
92
Citrate utilization test results
+ = blue - = green

MICR33 - Spring 2025 (8 decks)

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