quiz 3 - abnormalities of the teeth Flashcards

Question

What is the treatment for cervical enamel extensions?

Answer 1

Therapy is directed at achieving a more durable attachment and providing access to the area for appropriate cleaning. Flattening or removing the enamel in the combination with a new attachment procedure and furcation plasty may provide a more durable attachment and access for cleaning. buccal bifurcation cyst when present needs to be removed.

Answer 2

And enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of a multi-rooted tooth, with apical displacement of the pulpal floor and furcation of the roots. (tauro: bull, dont: tooth) Prevalence it Is highly variable 0.5% to 46%. Varying degrees of severity. etiology: probably results from late invagination of Hertwig's root sheath, the mechanism that determines the shape of the tooth roots.

Answer 3

The body of the tooth is enlarged at the expense of the roots. Constriction at the tooth cervix (CEJ) is absent or reduced. Teeth have a rectangular appearance. Permanent teeth are more frequently affected and maybe unilateral or bilateral. May be an isolated incident, or maybe a component of a specific syndrome e.g. Down's syndrome. Diagnosis is based on the radiographic appearance. Treatment is not required but can be a complicating factor during root canal procedures

Answer 4

And increased number of roots on the tooth. localization: most commonly seen in permanent molars (especially third molars) from either arch followed by mandibular cuspids and premolars. Reported in both dentitions. Complications: detection is important when extractions or root canal treatment are undertaken. Treatment: no treatment is required but the detection of the accessory root is of critical importance when endodontic therapy of exodontia is undertaken.

Answer 5

an abnormal curvature to the root or less frequently the crown of a tooth. Etiology: most cases are idiopathic, other cases appear to be related to trauma to the tooth bud during root development. Pathologic process adjacent to the developing tooth may also be a cause. Localization: any tooth but most common and permanent maxillary incisors followed by mandibular anterior dentition. Treatment: no treatment for minor dilacerations. Teeth with delayed of abnormal eruption may be exposed and orthodontically moved into position. Extraction in some cases. Complications: caution must be exercised if the involved tooth requires endodontic therapy or extraction. Failure of eruption.

Answer 6

the color of normal teeth varies depending on the shade, translucency, and thickenss of the ename. Translucent enamel: teeth appear yellow at cervical one third and bluish-white at the incisal edge. Opaque enamel: teeth are more uniform gray-white.

Answer 7

occur from surface accumulations of an exogenous pigment an typically can be removed with a surface treatment. Intrinsic stains: arise from endogenous material that incorporate into the enamel or Dentin and cannot be removed by prophylaxis with toothpaste or pumice.

Answer 8

Tobacco, food for example with chlorophyll, and beverage for example coffee and tea. chromogenic bacteria Can't produce colorations from green, black, brown to orange. In black-brown stains are probably secondary to the formation of ferric sulfide from an interaction between bacterial hydrogen sulfide and iron and the saliva or gingival curricular fluid. Gingival hemorrhage: the color results from the breakdown of hemoglobin into green biliverdin. Medications for example with the use of 8% Stannous fluoride probably secondary to combination of the stannous ion with bacterial sulfides. Antiseptics: chlorhexidine may produce a yellowish brown stain that predominately involves the interproximal surfaces air gingival margins. The degree of sustaining depends on concentration and patient susceptibility.

Answer 9

Prophylactic procedures including polishing with fine pumice and improve oral hygiene. stains on the surface of teeth that can be removed with abrasives.

Answer 10

Trauma: the Frequent finding after trauma, especially in deciduous dentition. Post traumatic injuries may create pink, yellow or dark gray discoloration. Medications for example the ingestion of tetracycline during the mineralization of the organic matrix of developing teeth and bone results in permanent incorporation of the drug into the mineral component of these tissues. this drug can cross the placental barrier (avoid during pregnancy and in children up to age 8 years). Restorative materials: especially amalgams on large class II proximal restorations on molars and deep lingual metallic restorations on anterior incisors. Amelogenesis imperfecta, dnetinogenesis imperfecta and dental fluorosis. congenital erythropoietic porphyria: an autosomal recessive disorder of porphyrin metabolism that is responsible for the development of a defective pathway for the metabolism of hematoporphyrins, resulting in the accumulation of excessive porphyrins in the blood and urine. Doscoloration occurs because excess porphyrins are present in the blood during the mineralization of the teeth. Affected teeth are pinkish brown. erythoblastosis fetalis: a hemolytic anemia that begins in uterus. IT results from incompatible factors in the blood of the mother and fetus. The result of the extensive hemolysis is the elevated bilirubin blood pigments. The pigment becomes deposited in the developing teeth of the fetus and teeth show from yellow to deep shades of green colors. Treatment: focuses on aesthetic solution.

Answer 11

probably related to the development of excess or loss of dental lamina and influenced by genetic and environmental factors.

Answer 12

a total lack of tooth development. occurrence: total anodontia (lack of all teeth) is a rare condition and is often associated with the hereditary condition ectodermal dysplasia. treatment: prosthetic replacement.

Answer 13

Lack of development of one or more teeth. Oligodontia: a subdivision of hypodontia, indicates the lack of development of six or more teeth. The loss of developing tooth buds in most instances appears to be genetically controlled; however, the environment most likely influences the final results or, in some cases, may be responsible completely for the lack of tooth formation. The dental lamina is extremely sensitive to external stimuli (trauma, infection, radiation, chemotherapy, endocrine disturbances and the severe intrauterine disturbances) and damage before tooth formation can result in hypodontia. Research has identified a gene mutation in only a small percentage of non-syndromic hypodontia. The currently implicated genes include PAX9 gene, the AXIN2 gene, and the He-Zhao deficiency. The most critical discovery related to hypodontia is the AXIN2 gene mutation. This pattern of oligodontia it Is inherited as an autosomal dominant disorder with most commonly missing teeth being the permanent second and third molars, Second premolars, lower incisors and maxillary lateral incisors. The AXIN2 Gene mutation also has been associated with development of adenomatous polyps of the colon and colorectal carcinomas. Patients with similar examples of oligodontia should be questioned for family history of colon cancer, with a further medical evaluation

Answer 14

The most commonly affected teeth are third molars followed by second premolars and lateral incisors. hypodontia is associated with microdontia, reduced alveolar development, increased freeway space and retained primary teeth. More frequently and the females (1.5:1) hypodontia maybe associated with syndromes; oligodontia often noted rather than hypodontia. e.g. hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. treatment: depends on severity from none to prosthetic replacement.

Answer 15

Failure if teeth to form is one of the most common dental developmental abnormalities, with reported prevalence of 1.6% to 9.6% in the permanent teeth when the absence of third molars is excluded. The prevalence increases to 20% if 3rd molars are considered. hypodontia in deciduous dentition is uncommon and prevalence ranges from 0.5% to 0.9% and when present often affects lateral incisors.

Answer 16

The development of an increased number of teeth additional teeth are turned supernumerary. occurrence: prevalence of permanent teeth and awaits 0.1% to 3.8% and is lower in primary teeth 0.3% to 0.8% Most cases are single tooth hyperdontia (76% to 86%) in a permanent teeth; 95% in maxilla with predilection for an interior region, followed by maxillary fourth molars and mandibular fourth molars, premolars, canines and lateral incisors. Most are unilateral.

Answer 17

Male predominance non-syndromic multiple supernumerary teeth occur most frequently in the mandible. Maybe associated with Gardner's syndrome and Cleidocranial dysplasia. Supernumerary teeth are divided into supplemental (normal size and shape) or rudimentary (abnormal shape and smaller size) types. hyperdontia associated with macrodontia.

Answer 18

mesiodens - between the maxillary anterior incisors distomolar (distodens) - fourth molar paramolar - situated lingually or buccally to a molar tooth natal teeth - teeth present in newborns, most are mandibular incisors. neonatal teeth - teeth arising within the first 30 days of life, most are prematurely erupted portions of the deciduous dentition Treatment of hyperdontia is early removal of the accessory tooth.

Answer 19

Teeth that ceased to irrupt before emergence are impacted. etiology: due to obstruction from crowding or from some other physical barrier (e.g. Insufficient maxillofacial development, overlying cyst or tumor, trauma, thickened overlying bone or soft tissue). Occurrence: impaction of deciduous teeth is very rare, if present involves second molars. A common event in permanent teeth, most often mandibular third molar, followed by maxillary third molars, maxillary cuspids. Less commonly, premolars, mandibular canines, maxillary premolars, and the second molars.

Answer 20

Impaction may be partially erupted or completely covered by bone and is classified according to the angulation of the tooth. Treatment: treatment varies but surgical removal is more frequent. Other choices: Long term observation, orthodontically assisted eruption, and transplantation.

Answer 21

non-intervention: 1. development of pathologic conditions. e.g, cyst and tumors 2. crowding of dentition 3. resorption and worsening of the periodontal status of adjacent teeth intervention: sensory loss, alveolitis, trismus, infection, fracture and TMJ injury to adjacent teeth.

Answer 22

Cessation of eruption after emergence is termed ankylosis and hookers from the fusion of tooth within the surrounding bone. Etiology: pathogenesis is unknown. It may be secondary to one of many factors such as inflammation and the subsequent bone repair and with focal loss of periodontal ligament, bone and cementum become mixed, causing fusion of the tooth to bone. Occurrence: any age but usually in association with erupted primary molars. Prevalence of clinically detectable ankylosis in children is 1.3 to 8.9% ankylosis in the permanent teeth is uncommon and usually end teeth that have been avulsed and re-implanted.

Answer 23

D affected tooth is below The adjacent dentition in a patient with a history of previous full occlusion. Radio graphically, absence of periodontal ligament space maybe noted, but is often in the bifurcation, making detection difficult. A sharp, solid sound may be noted on percussion of the affected tooth but detected only when 20% of the root is fused to the bone

Answer 24

ankylosed teeth that are allowed to remain in position can lead to 1. occlusal and periodontal problems 2. over irruption of the opposing teeth 3. the adjacent teeth often inclined toward be affected tooth 4. occasionally, impaction of the underlying permanent tooth.

Answer 25

Extraction of the ankylosed primary tooth is necessary to allow in eruption of the underlying permanent tooth and space maintenance. In a permanent teeth or primary teeth without underlying successors, prosthetic buildup can be placed to augment the occlusal height.

Answer 26

``` Attrition abrasion erosion abfraction internal/external resorption ``` Lost a tooth structure can begin on the enamel surface of the crown through attrition, abrasion, erosion or abfraction. Acquired environmental loss of tooth structure is often multifactorial.

Answer 27

Loss of tooth structure caused by tooth to tooth contact during a occlusion and mastication. part is physiologic but when it is extensive and affects appearance, function or dental sensitivity, The process must be considered pathologic. Attrition can occur in both dentition's.

Answer 28

Most often involve the occlusal and incisal surfaces and a link you'll of anterior maxillary teeth and labial of the anterior mandibular teeth. Large flat, smooth and shiny wear faces are found in a relationship that correspond to the pattern of occlusion. Interproximal contact points also are affected from vertical movement of the teeth during function.. The destruction it can be accelerated by poor quality or absence of an animal, premature contacts, edge to edge occlusion, intra-oral abrasives, diet, erosion and grinding habits.

Answer 29

The pathologic loss of tooth structure as a result of an abnormal habit or an abnormal use of abrasive substances orally. The most common source is aggressive toothbrushing that combines an abrasive toothpaste with heavy pressure and a horizontal brushing stroke and present as horizontal cervical notches on buccal surface of exposed radicular cementum and dentin.

Answer 30

Thread biting pipe stems Bobby pin produces a notch in incisal surfaces inappropriate dental floss produces loss of inter-proximal radicular cementum and Dentin Toothpicks use Tobacco chewing can also be the cause of abrasion.

Answer 31

The loss of tooth structure from a nonbacterial chemical process. presence of acids, either from foods (lemon, soft drinks, vinegar), medications, or internal sources (e.g. gastric secretions "perimolysis") from voluntary and involuntary regurgitation Also, external sources e.g. Acidic industrial atmosphere or poorly monitored pH swimming pools. Sometimes no obvious cause can be found.

Answer 32

The classic pattern of dental erosion is the cupped lesion (Central depression of dentin Surrounded by elevated enamel). erosion commonly affects the facial surfaces of the maxillary anteriors and appears as shallow spoon-shaped depressions in the cervical portion of the crowns (often associated with dietary sources). Posterior teeth often exhibit loss of occlusal surface, and the edges of metallic restorations may be above the level of the tooth structure. Occasionally, the entire buccal cusps are lost and replaced by ski slope-like depressions that extend from the lingual cusp to the buccal CEJ.

Answer 33

Internal source is most often gastric secretions from regurgitation, hiatal hernia, chronic vomiting. This pattern shows generalized tooth loss on lingual surfaces. The exposed dentin has a concave surface and the shows of peripheral white line of enamel. The posterior teeth frequently exhibit extensive loss of the occlusal surface and amalgam margins are above the surface of the dentin.

Answer 34

Best treated with early diagnosis and intervention to restrict the severity of tooth loss.

Answer 35

loss of tooth structure that results from repeated tooth flexure caused by occlusal stress. clinically, it appears as wedge shaped defects Limited to the cervical area of the teeth. some lesions are subgingival. More common in the mandible and with bruxism. Diagnosis: defects are deep, narrow and V-shaped.

Answer 36

Loss of tooth structure can also begin on dentin or cementum by internal or external resorption. Internal resorptionis a relatively rare form of tooth loss that begins within the pulpal Chambers of intact teeth destroying Dentin as it extends outward in uniform pattern toward the tooth surfaces. The cells in the dental pulp accomplish the resorption. Usually occurs in late adult life.

Answer 37

Most cases follow injury to pulp tissue e.g., physical trauma or caries related pulpitis. clinical features: Usually asymptomatic and discovered through routine radiographs. Usually a single tooth affected, Although cases of more than one tooth affected has been seen.

Answer 38

1. inflammatory resorption: the resorbed dentin is replaced by inflamed granulation tissue. - when it affects the coronal pulp, the crown shows a pink discoloration described as " pink tooth of Mummery" - when it occurs in the root, a balloon like radiograph dilation of the canal is seen. - internal resorption Secondary to infectious pulpitis may stop upon necrosis of the responsible cells within the pulp - although many cases are progressive, some cases are self limiting and usually arise in traumatized teeth or those that have recently undergone orthodontic or periodontal therapy 2. replacement or metaplastic resorption: portions of the pulp dentinal wall are resorbed and replaced with bone or cementum-like bone. - Radio graphically, it appears as an enlargement of the canal, which is filled with material that is less radiodense than the surrounding dentin. - the outline of distraction is less defined than seen in inflammatory resorption

Answer 39

Root canal therapy before perforation once there is communication between pulp and periodontal ligament, the prognosis for saving the tooth is very poor. Extraction often is necessary for radicular perforation that do not respond to therapy

Answer 40

loss of tooth structure that begins on the outer surface and extends inwards toward the pulp. - the resorption is accomplished by cells located on the periodontal ligament - a common process etiology: specific etiology uncertain and probably may have one of several causes: trauma is often associated, pressure from tumor, cyst, adjacent tooth growth, mechanical forces (orthodontic therapy), inflammatory effects, or idiopathic.

Answer 41

usually presents with a "moth-eaten" radiographic pattern this may occur in one or more teeth several teeth may be involved and may not be obvious cause (musltiple idiopathic root resorption). one of two patterns may be seen. 1. resorption occurs immediately apical to CEJ on root surface 2. resorption starts at tooth apex and progress occlusally. - external resorption can create defects in crowns of teeth before eruption - it is not pre-eruptive caries.

Answer 42

identification and elimination of any accelerating factor. removal of all soft tissue from the sites of dental destruction therapy directed against local periodontal pathogens may be helpful in some cases. over an extend clinical course, resorption eventually causes loss of the affected tooth.

Answer 43

when it is difficult to distinguish external from internal resorption, the mesial-buccal-distal rule can be used through 2 radiographic exposures: one perpendicular and one mesial. the external resorption appears to shift away from the pulp canal when the radiographs are compared. cone CT should be considered if the standard views provide insufficient information.

Answer 44

environmental: during enamel formation, ameloblasts are susceptible to various external factors that may be reflected in erupted teeth. Enamel defects are classified into one of the three patterns: - hypoplasia occurs in the form of pits, grooves or large areas of missing enamel. - diffuse opacities appear as variations in the translucency of the enamel. Enamel has an increased white opacity with no clear boundary with the adjacent normal enamel. - demarcated opacities show areas of decreased translucence, increased opacity and a sharp boundary with the adjacent enamel.

Answer 45

enamel defect seen in permanent teeth secondary to periapical inflammatory disease of the overlying deciduous tooth or trauma. ocurrence: most frequently in premolars and maxillary incisors. about 45% of all children sustain injuries to their primary teeth.

Answer 46

clinical features: the defect varies white, yellow or brown color to extensive hypoplasia. treatment: depending on the severity (restoration of the tooth for aesthetic purposes).

Answer 47

ingestion of excess amounts of fluoride during tooth formation, usually in drinking water can result in enamel defects. the optimum fluoride dose is 1 part per million gallons of water. fluoride appears to create its significant enamel defects through retention of amelogenin proteins in the enamel structure, forming hypomineralized enamel. As fluoride levels increase, hypoplasia of enamel in addition to brown discoloration may be seen. Can produce pitting in the enamel or "chalky" surface to the enamel. Teeth are resistant to caries.

Answer 48

the defect presents in bilaterally and symmetric distribution evidence of prior excessive fluoride intake or elevated levels of fluoride in the enamel or other tissues primarily an aesthetic problem

Answer 49

congenital syphilis is due to a transplacental infection with Treponema pallidum. In utero infection by T. pallidum may result in enamel hypoplasia of the permanent incisors and first molars. - the affected incisors (Hutchinson's incisors) are shaped like screwdrivers: broad cervically and narrow incisally, with a notched incisal edge

Answer 50

first molars appear as irregularly shaped crowns made-up of multiple tiny globules of ename instead of cusps (Mulberry molars). Most defects in the enamel are cosmetic rather than functional. Aesthetically or functionally defective teeth can be restored through a variety of cosmetically pleasing techniques.

Answer 51

A group of inherited conditions affecting the enamel of teeth in the abence of a systemic disorder. Genes taht encode for enamel proteins (amelogin, enamelin, others) are mutated in patients with this condition.

Answer 52

at least 14 different hereditary subtypes of AI exist, with numerous patterns of inheritance and a wide variety of clinical manifestations. It may be inherited as an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-liked disorder to date, mutations of seven genes have been associated with this (AMELIX gene, ENAM gene, MMP-20 gene, KLK4 gene, DLX3 gene, FAM83H, and WDR72 gene). Each gene can be mutated in a variety of ways, often creating diverse and distinct phenotypic patterns.

Answer 53

enamel formation is a multi-step process and its development of enamel can be divided into three major stages 1. elaboration of the organic matrix 2. mineralization of the matrix 3. maturation of the enamel. hereditary defect of the formation of enamel are divided as: hypoplastic, hypocalcified, and hypomaturation occurrence: estimated frequency varies between 1:718 and 1:14,000 of the population In general, both the deciduous and the permanent dentitions are diffusely involved.

Answer 54

tooth enamel does not develop to a normal thickness because of failure of ameloblasts to lay down enamel matrix properly. - On radiographs the abnormal enamel contrasts normally with dentin, thin peripheral outline of radiopaque enamel. - Clinically, it ranges from pits and grooves in one patient to complete absence in another. - Because of reduced enamel thickness in some cases, abnormal contour and absent interproximal contact points may be evident - The color of teeth varies from tooth to tooth and patient to patient from white opaque to yellow to brown

Answer 55

enamel quantity is normal bu no significant mineralization occurs; therefore, enamel is very soft and easily lost. - the color of the teeth color range from yellow-brown or orange but often becomes stained brown to black. - cervical enamel is better calcified and generally remains on the crown. - on radiographs the enamel has a moth-eated appearance and is less radiopaque than dentin - unerupted teeth and anterior open bite are not rare.

Answer 56

defect in the maturation of the ename's crystal structure. The enamel is of normal thickness but not of normal hardness and translucency. - affected teeth are normal in shape but exhibit a mottle, appearance with opaque white-yellow discoloration. - the enamel is softer than normal and tends to chip from the underlying dentin. - the radiodensity of enamel is almost equal to that of normal dentin. - although the enamel is soft and irregular, teeth are not caries prone. - the mildes form of hypomaturation is the snow-capped teeth where enamel is of normal hardness and exhibits a white opaque zone on the incisal or occlusal one quarter to one third of the crown. Both dentitions are affected.

Answer 57

The thin enamel is yellow to brown and pitted. On radiographs the enamel has a radiodensity similar to dentin, large pulp chambers may be seen in single-rooted teeth in addition to varying degrees of taurodontism. In some types there is an increased prevalence of anterior open bite, delayed eruption or tooth impaction.

Answer 58

- It is generally not easy to diagnose the exact type of amelogenesis imperfecta clinically because of the frequent similarity among different varieties. - The mode of inheritance must be kept in mind, and an accurate family history should always be taken. Treatment - depend on severity and subtype. - the main problems are aesthetics, dental sensitivity and loss of vertical dimension. Restorative measurements.

Answer 59

A hereditary developmental disturbance of the dentin in the absence of any systemic disorder. DI arise as an isolated disorder of teeth with no systemic manifestations DI can occur in association with a number of syndromes, e.g. Osteogenesis Imperfecta that has dental manifestations that mimic DI, but are related to different gene mutation. Etiology: - autosomal dominant disorder and occurs in about 1:8000 whites in USA. - DI is associated with mutation of the DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein) gene.

Answer 60

- All teeth in both dentitions are affected - Deciduous teeth are affected more severely followed by permanent incisors and first molars with second and third molars being least altered. - Teeth have a blue-to-brown discoloration, often with a distinctive translucence. - Enamel often separates easily from the underlying defective dentin. Once exposed, the dentin often shows accelerated attrition. - Dentin is abnormally soft, providing inadequate functional support to the overlying enamel, therefore, enamel chips away easily. Despite the exposure of dentin, teeth are not particularly prone to dental caries.

Answer 61

radiographically teeth have bulbous crowns, cervical constrictions, thin roots an early obliteration of the root canals and pulp chambers. Some teeth may show normal thickness of enam, extremely thin dentin, and dramatically enlarged pulps called shell teeth. This abnormality is most frequent in deciduous teeth in presence of DI or may be unassociated with DI as an isolated finding in both dentitions.

Answer 62

- Protecting teeth from wear; improving esthetics; eventual construction of dentures. - The entire dentition is a risk because of numerous problems. - The teeth are not good candidates for full crown because of cervical fracture or for abutments for partial denture because of root fracture. - Similar dental changes of DI may be seen in conjuction with systemic hereditary disorder of bone, osteogenesis imperfect. Dentin defects associated with this bone disease are termed osteogenesis imperfecta with opalescent teeth.

Answer 63

An autosomal dominant inherited disorder that affects dentin. - classified into two major patterns. Type I: Radicular dental dysplasia. Type II: Coronal dental dysplasia. It is currently thought to be a variation of dentinogenesis. Two types are rare but Type I is more common.

Answer 64

- deciduous and permanent dentitions affected. - deciduous often more severly involved; variability most prominent in permanent teeth. - the enamel and coronal dentin are normal clinically and well formed, but radiuclar dentin loses all organization and subsequently is shortened dramatically. - roots are missing or rudimentary in form showing markedly tapered forms (rootless teeth) - early exfoliation is commonly seen - pulp often completely obliterated but may show crescent or chevron-shaped pulp chamber (horizontal lucencies). Pulp obliteration often causes pulpal necrosis and periapical pathosis without obvious cause. - Mandibular molars commonly have W-shaped roots.

Answer 65

- Type II associated mutation of the DSPP (dentinsialophosphoprotein) gene. - The root length is normal in both dentitions - Deciduous teeth closely resemble those of dentinogenesis imperfect. The teeth show a blue-to-amber-to-brown translucence. - Radiographically, the dental changes include bulbous crown, cervical constriction, thin roots, and early obliteration of the pulp. - Permanent teeth demonstrate normal clinical coloration, but radiographically, coronal pulps are enlarged with apical extension of the pulp chamber "thistle tube-shaped or flame-shaped" and pulp stones. Root length in both dentitions is normal. The pulp canals are narrow.

Answer 66

Type 1: Directed toward retention of teeth as long as possible, no good prognosis. Type II: Directed toward retention of teeth as long as possible and meticulous oral hygiene.

Answer 67

- An uncommon, localized developmental abnormality of extensive adverse effects on formation of ename, dentin and pulp. - Most cases are Idiopathic. - The most popular theory is an alteration in vascular supply.

Answer 68

- Occur in both dentitions - Most frequently seen in anterior maxilla - Ipsilateral involvement of both arches - Bilateral changes in the same jaw have been reported

Answer 69

- Many of affected teeth fail to erupt. - Erupted teeth show small yellow to brown crowns with rough surfaces. - Caries and periapical lesions are common. - The most common presenting signs and symptoms include: - delayed or failure of eruption - early exfoliation, abscess formation - malformed teeth - non-inflammatory gingival enlargement - Radiographically, faint outlines of teeth (enamel and dentin) with large pulpal chambers and short roots "ghost teeth".

Answer 70

- Therapy is directed toward retention of the affected teeth, whenever possible, to allow for appropriate development and preservation of the surrounding alveolar ridge. - Because of the poor quality of the affected teeth, their removal is usually indicated. - the resulting edentulous area can be restored with prosthetic appliances or implants.

quiz 3 - abnormalities of the teeth Flashcards

(94 cards)