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Immunology (clinicals) > Quiz 3- Cytokines and Compliment > Flashcards

Quiz 3- Cytokines and Compliment Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

4 different ways cytokines act

A

Synergy
Pleiotropy
Redundancy
Antagonism

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2
Q

Cytokine Storm

A

Hypercytokinemia

Massive overproduction and dysregulation of cytokines produce hyperstimulation of the immune response.

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3
Q

Cytokine storm leads to…

A

Shock
multiorgan failure
Death

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4
Q

4 major proinflammatory cytokines

A

TNF-a
IL-1
IL-6
IFN-gamma

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5
Q

4 major anti-inflammatory cytokines

A

TGF-beta
IL-10
IL-13
IL-35

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6
Q

Hypercytokinemia disrupts the balance from beneficial to destructive and causes release of ___ and ___

A

TNF

Interleukin-1B

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7
Q

5 major cytokine families

A 
TNFs
IFNs
Chemokines
TGFs (Transforming growth factors)
CSFs
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8
Q

IL-1 acts as an ____ ____ and induces ____ in the acute phase through its actions on the _____

A

endogenous pyrogen
fever
hypothalamus

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9
Q

IL-1 Induces production of (3 things)

A

Vascular cell-adhesion molecules
Chemokines
IL-6

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10
Q

____ is responsible for most of the systemic activity attributed to IL-1

A

IL-1B

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11
Q

IL-1a and iL-1B are proinflammatory cytokines produces by…

A

monos, macros, dendritic cells

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12
Q

IL1RA is produced by ___ and ___.

It acts as an ____ to ____ by ______

A

monos and macros

antagonist to IL-1 by blocking the IL-1 receptor and limiting the availability of the receptor for IL-1

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13
Q

TNF-a is named for…

A

the ability to induce lysis in tumor cells

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14
Q

TNF-a exists in ___ and ___ forms.

It causes ___ and _____ ____.

A

membrane-bound and soluble

Vasodilation, increased vascular permeability

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15
Q

TNF-a triggered by presence of ____

A

lipopolysaccharide

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16
Q

Actions of IL-1

A

Inflammation, fever, initiation of the acute-phase response

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17
Q

TNF-a secreted by:

A

Monos, Macros, PMNs, NK cells, activated T cells

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18
Q

TNF-a actions

A

Inflammation, initiation of acute phase response, death of tumor cells

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19
Q

IL-6 secreted by

A

Monos, macros, endothelial cells, Th2 cells

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20
Q

IL-6 actions

A

Initiation of acute phase response

Activation of B and T cells

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21
Q

TGF-B secreted by

A

T cells, macros, other cell types

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22
Q

TGF-B actions

A

Inhibition of both T- and b-cell proliferation, induction of IgA, inhibition of macros
(down regulates inflammatory response)

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23
Q

IFN-a, IFN-B secreted by

A

macros, dendritic cells, virally infected cells

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24
Q

6 cytokines associated with innate immunity

Study These Flashcards
A 
IL-1B
TNF-a
IL-6
TGF-B
IFN-a
IFN-B
25
5 cytokines associated with adaptive immunity
``` IL-2 IL-4 IL-5 IL-10 IFN-gamma ```
26
IL-2 secreted by
T-cells (Th1)
27
IL-2 actions
Growth and proliferation of T and B cells | NK activation and proliferation
28
IL-4 secreted by
Th2 cells | Mast cells
29
IL-4 actions
Promotion of Th2 differentiation, stimulation of B cells to switch to IgE production
30
IL-5 secreted by
Th2 cells
31
IL-5 actions
Eosinophil generation and activation, B-cell differentiation
32
IL-10 secreted by
Th2 cells, monos, macros
33
IL-10 actions
Suppression of Th2 cells, inhibition of Ag presentation, inhibition of IFN-gamma
34
IFN-gamma secreted by
Th1 cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells
35
IFN-gamma actions
Activation of macros, increased expression of class I and II MHC molecules, increased Ag presentation
36
IL-6 part of cytokine cascade released in response to ____
LPS
37
IL-6 triggered by ___
IL-1
38
TGF-B funtions as _____ for mature T cells
anti-inflammatory factor
39
TGF-B actions on activated B cells:
Inhibits proliferation | Autocrine regulator to limit the expansion of activated cells
40
Type 1 IFNS (-a and -B) are produced by ___ and interfere with ____
dendritic cells | viral replication and cell division
41
Type 1 IFNs activate ___ and enhance ____
``` NK cells MHC class I molecules ```
42
Th1 cells secrete ____ and that enhances activity of...
IFN-gamma | Tc cells, NK cells, Antigen presentation, activates macrophages
43
Th2 cells secrete ___ to enhance activity of:
IL-4 | Ab formation, Allergic response, Antiparasitic response, Ag presentation
44
Treg cells secrete ___ and ___ that act to:
IL-10 and TGF-B | establish peripheral tolerance. Inhibition of Th1 and Th2 cells, APCs
45
IL-2 is known as ____ because it...
T-cell growth factor Drives the growth and differentiation of T and B cells, induces lytic activity in NK cells, activates proliferation of Th2 cells
46
Th2 cells secrete ___ and ___
IL-4 | IL-10
47
IL-4 helps drive ___ response to various diseases
antibody
48
IL-10 has ____ and ____ effects on Th1 cells. | It inhibits _____ _____ by macros and dendritic cells
anti-inflammatory and suppressive | Antigen presentation
49
IL-10 serves as antagonist to ____ to....
IFN-gamma | down-regulate immune response
50
Tregs express ___ and ___
CD4, CD25
51
Tregs produce ___ that _____ other T cells. | They induce ___ and ___ expression in adaptive Tr1 cells in peripheral blood
TGF-B, suppresses | IL-10 and TFG-B
52
This inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and suppresses T cells
IL-10
53
This down-regs APC function and blocks proliferation and cytokine production by CD4+ T cells
TGF-B
54
Th17 cytokines have a role in defense at _____
mucosal surfaces
55
Th17 cells secrete ___ to promote recruitment of ___ and release of ____
IL-17 PMNs antimicrobial peptides
56
dysregulated Th17 cytokines have been implicated in....
pathogenesis of multiple inflammatory diseases and several autoimmune conditions
57
CSFs include...
``` IL-3 EPO G-CSF M-CSF GM-CSF ```
58
CSFs work to...
stimulate growth of hematopoietic cells in the BM in response to inflammatory cytokines (like IL-1)

Immunology (clinicals) (1 decks)

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