Quiz 3 Medications

Question 1

What are 3 notable thiazide diuretics?

Answer 1

Chlorthalidone
Hydrochlorothiazide
Metolazone

Question 2

What is a notable side effect/caution for use for thiazide diuretics?

Answer 2

Cautious use in patients with history of acute gout, can precipitate uric acid crystals

Question 3

What four drug classes are considered first-line for treatment of hypertension?

Answer 3

Thiazide diuretics
ACEi
ARBs
CCBs

Question 4

What are two notable ACE inhibitors clinically used to treat hypertension?

Answer 4

Lisinopril
Captopril

Question 5

What are three notable ARBs?

Answer 5

Candesartan
Losartan
Valsartan

Question 6

What are two important features to know about ACEi and ARB use?

Answer 6

-They should not be used together
-They should not be used in pregnancy

Question 7

What are three notable Dihydropyridine CCBs?

Answer 7

Amlodipine
Felodipine
Nifedipine LA

Question 8

Do dihydropyridines or non-dihydropyridines (CCB) exert more effects on the heart?

Answer 8

Non-dihydropyridines (Diltiazem, Verapamil)

Question 9

What are two (three) notable non-dihydropyridine CCBs?

Answer 9

Diltiazem SR
Diltiazem ER
Verapamil SR

Question 10

What is an important CI for calcium channel blockers?

Answer 10

They should not be used in patients with HFrEF

Question 11

Calcium channel blockers should not be used specifically with what other medication class?

Answer 11

Beta-blockers (at least not long term)

Question 12

Which type of CCB- dihydropyridines or non-DHP- can be associated with dose-related pedal edema?

Answer 12

Dihydropyridines (Amlodipine, Felodipine, Nifedipine)

Question 13

What type of diuretics are preferred over thiazides in patients with moderate/severe CKD? What are the 3 notable drugs?

Answer 13

Loop diuretics

Bumetanide
Torsemide
Furosemide

Question 14

What are the two notable potassium-sparing diuretics?

Answer 14

Amiloride
Triamterene

Question 15

What are the two notable Aldosterone receptor antagonists?

Answer 15

Eplerenone
Spironolactone

Question 16

What two medications are preferred treatment for primary aldosteronism?

Answer 16

Spironolactone
Eplerenone

Question 17

Which beta-blockers are considered cardioselective?

Answer 17

Atenolol
Bisoprolol
Metoprolol succinate

Question 18

What beta blocker is designated cardioselective and vasodilatory?

Answer 18

Nebivolol

Question 19

Which beta-blockers are designated as non-cardioselective?

Answer 19

Nadolol
Propranolol IR
Propranolol LA

Question 20

Which two dugs are combined beta & alpha blockers?

Answer 20

Carvedilol
Labetalol

Question 21

What are the two notable central alpha agonists/centrally acting drugs?

Answer 21

Clonidine oral
Clonidine patch
Methyldopa

Question 22

What two notable drugs are direct vasodilators?

Answer 22

Hydralazine
Minoxidil

Question 23

Which direct vasodilator is associated with hirsuitism and requires a loop diuretic?

Answer 23

Minoxidil

Question 24

Which direct vasodilator is associated with drug-induced lupus?

Answer 24

Hydralazine

Question 25

What notable drug is a direct renin inhibitor?

Answer 25

Aliskiren

Question 26

Which Dihydropyridine CCB is used to treat hypertensive emergencies?

Answer 26

Nicardipine

Question 27

What two notable vasodilator-nitric oxide-dependent drugs can be used in hypertensive emergencies?

Answer 27

Sodium nitroprusside Nitrogylcerin

Question 28

What drug class for treating hypertensive emergencies can cause cyanide toxicity with prolonged use?

Answer 28

Vasodilators- NO dependent (Sodium nitroprusside, Nitroglycerin)

Question 29

Which direct vasodilator can also be used in hypertensive emergencies? What is one reason it is not preferred?

Answer 29

Hydralazine It can have a large unpredictability of response

Question 30

Which selective beta antagonist can be used in hypertensive emergencies?

Answer 30

Esmolol

Question 31

Which combined alpha and nonselective beta antagonist can be used in hypertensive emergencies?

Answer 31

Labetalol

Question 32

Which nonselective alpha receptor antagonist can be used in hypertensive emergencies?

Answer 32

Phentolamine

Question 33

What rare disease is phentolamine used for prophylactically to surgery?

Answer 33

Pheochromocytoma

Question 34

What is a dopamine receptor agonist that can be used in hypertensive emergencies? It is contraindicated in patients at risk of what?

Answer 34

Fenoldopam It is CI in patients at risk of increased intraocular pressure (glaucoma)

Question 35

Which ACEi can be used in hypertensive emergencies?

Answer 35

Enalaprilat

Question 36

What is the blood pressure goal for most hypertensive patients?

Answer 36

<130/80

Question 37

What is the recommended treatment for hypertension in stable ischemic heart disease patients?

Answer 37

GDMT beta-blockers, ACEi or ARBs

Question 38

What is the recommended treatment for hypertension in stable ischemic heart disease patients with angina?

Answer 38

Dihydropyridine CCBs in addition to GDMT beta-blockers

Question 39

In adults with HFrEF, what type of medications should not be used to control hypertension?

Answer 39

Nondihydropyridine CCBs

Question 40

What medications are preferred to treat hypertensive patient with HFpEF with volume overload? What if volume overload is managed?

Answer 40

Question 41

What medications are preferred in the treatment of hypertension in diabetic patients? What should be done in the event of albuminuria?

Answer 41

Question 42

What medications should be preferred in the treatment of CKD patients that are stage 3 or worse?

Answer 42

ACEis or ARBs