Quiz 4 Flashcards
(144 cards)
1
Q
SFX
A
Specia effects
2
Q
Four types of special effects (SFX)
A
In camera, mechanical, laboratory, CGI
3
Q
In camera (SFX)
A
Process projection shot-video, explaining rear projection screen
Matte painting on glass-mostly done with computers now
4
Q
Mechanical (SFX)
A
Models, make ups, robots
5
Q
Laboratory/post production (SFX)
A
Split screen-3D quality
Superimposition-double exposure or optical printing
Computer matte-two strips of film combined
Green screen
6
Q
CGI (SFX)
A
Computer-generated images that began in the 1970s
Jurassic park-first use
Forest gump-inserted CGI on real footage
Uncanny valley-make people in the digital world look so real that it’s disturbing (polar express)
7
Q
First ever animation
A
Gertie the Dinosaur (1914)
8
Q
First sound animation
A
Steamboat willie (1928)
9
Q
First feature film
A
Snow White (1937)
10
Q
3 types of animation
A
Hand drawn, stop motion, computer animation
11
Q
Hand drawn (animation)
A
Animation process from Disney studios (Snow White)
12
Q
Stop motion (animation)
A
Nightmare before Christmas
13
Q
Computer animation
A
Shrek (academy award for best animated feature)
14
Q
Animation in non animated films
A
Life of pi, call of the wild, Jurassic park
15
Q
“For my vision of the cinema, editing is not simply one aspect it’s thee aspect”
A
Orson wells
16
Q
Editing
A
The joining together of two shots or compounding individual shots into a cinematic whole
17
Q
Actualities
A
Unedited video (workers leaving a factory, man sneezing)
18
Q
Dialectical communication
A
When two edits are communicating (shot a, shot b, shot c)
19
Q
Shot A
A
Thesis (meaning)
20
Q
Shot B
A
Antithesis (editing)
21
Q
Shot C
A
Synthesis (a+b=c) the new meaning
22
Q
Early editing innovators we’re
A
George melies, Edwin s porter, DW Griffith, Russell sharman
23
Q
Lev Kuleshov
A
In the early period of editing, the Russians focused on the editing as the essence of Cinema in particular lev.
24
Q
Kuleshov effect
A
How the same clip can be someone reacting to a dead person, a child, or a dish of soup (same clip)
25
Montage
Collage of moving pictures
26
Christopher Nolan edited what movie
Dunkirk
27
The film editor
At the beginning of the prep production process the editor may give suggestions for shooting for later editing
-May suggest specific shots to explain transitions
-May need specific dialogue to set location or time
-organize all of the shots as they come from filming
-create editing script
-eliminates obvious unusable footage
28
A typical Hollywood film in the 40s had how many shots ?
1000
29
Today’s films are 2 to 3 hours and have how many shots ?
2000-3000
30
What does it mean if there’s a 20 to 1 ratio of unused to used footage?
It means they could make several versions of the movie without repeating a shot (apocalypse now had 100-1 ratio)
31
Editors responsibilities
Understanding place/space, understanding time, rhythm of a film
32
Space
Juxtaposition of shots in the scene develops the audiences understanding of the space
33
Time
Editing manipulates the presentation of plot time to the viewer
34
Flashback (time)
Traveling back in time
35
Flash forward (time)
Traveling forward in time
36
Ellipsis (time)
The removal of unnecessary shots showing an event removing (all the boring parts)
37
Montage (time)
The showing of an event, well compressing time, usually set to music
38
Rhythm
The shot duration, which editing controls the amount of time you can absorb heat shot
39
Typical shot duration is?
10 seconds (varies on each Director and genre)
40
Two approaches of editing
Continuity and discontinuity
41
Continuity editing
Invisible editing, efficiently tells story making logical sense to the viewer
42
Discontinuity editing
Transitions between shots are not smooth, continuous or coherent
-uses jump cuts and intercutting
43
Spatial Continuity
Screen direction=180 degrees rule/axis of action
44
Imaginary line
Camera always on one side
-360 degree filming feel
-camera can move anywhere but cannot cross the 180° line
45
Master shot
Establishes the shot orienting viewer to space
46
Shot/reverse shot
Good explanation of rhythm often used with the above conversation or as the eye line match shot showing us what a character sees
47
Match cuts
Match on action, graphic match, eye line match
48
Cross-cutting
Cutting between two events in different places
49
Intercutting
Cutting to show events happening at the same time (graduate)
50
Point of view editing
Editing that focuses on the view of an important character
51
Jump cut
Discontinuity
52
Fade in/fade out
Goes to black
53
Dissolve
When you blend one shot into another (can represent a passing of time)
54
Smash cut
Abrupt transition like a kick or punch
55
Iris
Opening and closing the iris of the camera
56
Wipe
literally a wipe
57
Whip pans
Hidding the cut on the motion of the camera movement (when someone not in the frame says something and the camera wipes to them)
58
Freeze frame
A single frame forming a motionless image from a film or video tape
59
Split screen
A screen on which two or more separate images are displayed
60
L cut
Audio transition
61
J cut
Audio from the next scene
62
First sound film
The jazz singer (1927)
63
Movie palace age
The mighty Wurlitzer organ
64
Blimp
The camera made noise
65
Sound designer
Responsible for the soundtrack
66
Recordist
In charge of stopping the scene if there’s an unwanted sound
67
Boom operator
Hold the boom mic, get clean sound and stays out of the shot
68
Sound editing
Viewing daily recording images and sound to decide what must be recorded later in the studio (dailies)
69
Double system recording
Recording the dialogue separate, but synced by the slate
70
ADR
Automatic dialogue replacement
71
Mixing
Production sound mixer, puts the tracks together, such as dialogue, music, sound effects, etc
72
Foley studio
Creates sound effects (the quiet place)
73
Digital sound editing
Create complex tracks in modern movies, can be manipulated and blended (speed, pitch, etc)
74
Pitch and frequency
Looking at a graph of sound waves, you can create extreme high or low sounds to emphasize action
75
Volume and amp
Orson Welles wanted the sound to be much louder in Citizen Kane than any other movie
76
Quality or harmonic content
“Timbre!”
-texture and color
77
Fidelity
Does not refer to whether the sound is good or bad, but it’s the source (sounds like what it’s suppose to sound like)
78
Diabetic sound
From the world and the story
-characters, gun shots, traffic, first person
79
Non diegetic sound
Outside the world of the story
-characters cannot hear, soundtrack, third person
80
Onscreen sound
From a source we can see, dialogue of characters on screen, sound effects you can see
81
Offscreen sound
From a source we cannot see, out of frame, behind door, weather sounds not seen
82
Simultaneous
Diabetic and onscreen
83
Non simultaneous
Can be diagetic or non diagetic
84
Asynchronous
Not matching up to action
85
Internal
Character thoughts spoken by the character that the audience can hear
86
External
The sounds that are from the world of the story it can be on or off screen
87
Two types of Vocal sounds
Spoken dialogue and narration
Environmental, music
88
Environmental sound
Ambient sound-sound that exist in a space
Sound effects-foley
89
Music (sound)
The soundtrack
Most directors have certain music people
90
Steven Spielberg
John Williams
91
Tim Burton
Danny elfman
92
Frances ford Coppola
Nino rota
93
Hitchcock
Bernard Herman
94
Mickey mousing
Walt Disney influence on Hollywood-recording the sound while watching the movie (Moana video)
95
Direct audience attention
Where the audience should look
-creates expectations
-POV
-creates rhythm
-expresses characterization
-links shots
-creates emphasis
96
What are the three responsibilities of the film editor?
Place, Time, rhythm
97
What is the difference between the continuity and discontinuity of editing?
Continuity-pay attention to detail so it’s smooth
Dis-jumps cuts, anything that wild jar the audience
98
What is a jump cut?
Startles the viewer (ellipsis of time)
99
What is elliptical editing?
Take out the boring parts
100
What is intercutting?
Cutting within an a time and place to create an edit
101
How would you define a montage?
Showing the passing of time
102
What is a smash cut?
Anytime we cut on a punch or kick
103
What is a whip pan?
Anytime the cameras on someone and someone says something and it whips to them
104
Define editing
The joining together of two shots
105
Father of modern editing?
DW Griffith
106
What were the earliest film clips called?
Actuals
107
Dialectical communication is basically what ?
Pieces of a film speak to each other
108
Who developed an experiment proving audiences link shots ?
Kuleshov
109
What early Russian movie demonstrated montage ?
Battleship Potemkin
110
What was the first sound film?
The jazz singer
111
What is the difference between whip pan and smash cut?
Whip pan-when the camera is on someone and someone else talks and it whips to them
Smash cut-when a kick or punch cute the scene
112
What is the difference between L cut and J cut?
L cut-when the audio from the current shot Carrie’s over to the next shot
J cut-when the audio from the next scene starts before your get to it (you hear what’s going on before you see it)
113
What is looping?
The actor watches the scene and matches up their lip movements
114
Types of film sound?
Dialogue and narration
115
Functions of film sounds?
Direct the audience attention
116
Sources of film sound?
Recordist, boom operator, sound editor, foley
117
Characteristics of film sound?
Pitch and frequency, volume and amp, quality or harmonic content, fidelity
118
Steps in sound production ?
Recordist, boom operator, sound editing, double system recording, ADR, mixing, digital sound editing, foley studio
119
Gregg toland
cinematographer of Citizen Kane
120
citizen Kane
-used deep focus photography and wide angle lens
-"seven layer cake"
-gathered best actors
-he applied his best practices that he learned
121
Orsen Welles
-owned mercury theater
-war of worlds radio broadcast
-his last request was to make sure citizen Kane didn't turn into a colorful film
122
Narrative Form of Citizen Kane
expectations=audience heard the rumors
Plot structure=newsreel and 5 flashbacks
time=most unique feature
motivation=meaning of rosebud
Unique narration=newsreel, multiple perspectives
-he rehearsed with the cast for months
-overlapping dialogue
-louder than other films
-camera tracks into each scene
-montage showing crumbling marriage
-multiple narration
-use of low camera angles
-fresh use of tired film conventions
-whip, matte, use of stock footage
123
Draft Day and Remember The Titans both used what in their films?
Split screen
124
Coco the Clown used what?
Rotoscoping
125
The Dinosaur and the Missing Link used what?
claymation
126
what studio has the largest market share today?
Walt Disney Studios
127
The big 5 studios?
20th century fox, paramount, RKO, MGM, and Warner bros
128
The Little 3?
Universal, Columbia, and United Artist
129
Universal Studio was the first to what?
Market horror movies (Dracula, frankeinstien)
130
Vertical integration of the of the industry (The Golden Age)
total control of all aspects of filmmaking and distribution
-owned actors, studios, and movie theaters
131
Rise of independent films
1950-today
132
executive producer
gather financial backers
133
honorary executive producer
usually lends a big name to the film-to help sell the film
134
producer
gets the movie on its feet from beginning to end-listens to pitches
135
co producer
assists the producer
136
associate producer
helps with production but is often not a key member
137
unit production manager
similar to the line producer-may work preproduction as well
138
line producer
keeps production on schedule and budget
139
stages of production
preproduction, production, post production
140
above line
negotiate the amount of money they receive and sometimes get a percent of the movie money (Producers, Director, 1st Assistant, Director -puts everyone to work, 2nd Assistant Director, Some Big Name Actors (may also serve as Producer), UPM –Unit Production Manager, Cinematographer, Lighting Director, Production Design)
141
below line
paid at a daily rate (Associate Producers, Art Directors, Grips, Best Boy, Production Accountant, Location Scout,
Wranglers, etc)
142
The Pitch
selling the idea of the movie, ideas, summary, characters, plot, etc
143
Distribution
simply getting the movies out to the viewers, has changed in recent years because of the addition of streaming (Netflix, HBO, etc)
144
Marketing
-having famous actors=creates publicity for the movie-they get paid heavily
-movie posters
-trailers
-sales all across the world
-movie theater audience is usually 18-25 yrs old
-marketing cost can add up to 25-50% of a movies budget
