Quiz 4

Question 1

Heat increases what kind of energy?

Answer 1

kinetic

Question 2

The rate of a reaction is proportional to the ?

Answer 2

number of collisions per unit time

Question 3

Activation Energy

Answer 3

minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction
numeric representation of the energy barrier

Question 4

Transition State

Answer 4

unstable high energy state

Question 5

Higher the temperature, the faster?

Answer 5

the rate of drug degradation

Question 6

The lower the activation energy, the faster the?

Answer 6

rate

Question 7

Arrhenius equation

Answer 7

effect of temperature on reaction rates
assumes reaction order and mechanism are the same

Question 8

Kinetic results obtained by studies at higher temperatures can be used to determine?

Answer 8

rate of drug degradation
shelf-life

Question 9

Accelerated Stability Testing

Answer 9

predicts stability of drug products
establishes a quantitative relationship between T and K

Question 10

Catalysts

Answer 10

lower Ea of a reaction
is not consumed
does not change the equilibrium of a system

Question 11

Is there a general trend of the effect of pH on reaction catalysis?

Answer 11

no

Question 12

Specific acid catalysis

Answer 12

occurs when [H3O^+] appears in the rate law

Question 13

Specific base catalysis

Answer 13

occurs when [OH^-] appears in the rate law

Question 14

What can effect the Kobs in general acid catalysis?

Answer 14

[H3O^+]
undissociated acids

Question 15

What can effect the Kobs in general base catalysis?

Answer 15

[OH^-]
base salts in the buffer

Question 16

A general acid catalysis is made of a ?

Answer 16

weak acid and a conjugate base

Question 17

Roux-en-Y

Answer 17

gastric bypass the decreases stomach size and length of intestines, and results in significant weight loss

Question 18

Fentanyl Patch

Answer 18

controlled release mechanism with topical application
great alternative for long-acting pain management in end of life care
ensure to rotate site of patch application
do not use near heating pads/blankets

Question 19

Why does the Deposit-Provera injection work?

Answer 19

microcrystal suspension has low solubility which allows the drug to be slowly released over several months

Question 20

Nuvaring

Answer 20

vaginal ring that allows for lower doses, steady drug levels, and less frequent administration

left in vagina for 3 weeks.

Question 21

Pediatric dosage forms

Answer 21

chewable tablets - not for <2 years old
oral liquids- more than 2.5 mL difficult to administer
ODT- must be small and have neutral taste

Question 22

Stimulus causes sodium influx which causes an?

Answer 22

action potential

Question 23

Aromatic rings improve what kind of solubility that affects potency?

Answer 23

lipid

Question 24

lower pKa means a x proportion of the medication in a lipophilic tertiary state can penetrate into the nerve

Answer 24

greater

Question 25

Amide or ester linkage relate to

Answer 25

metabolism

Question 26

Higher affinity for protein binding correlates with a ?

Answer 26

longer duration of action

Question 27

MOA

Answer 27

blocks both the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses by decreasing the neuronal membrane’s permeability to sodium ions results in inhibition of depolarization with resultant blockade of conduction

Question 28

Most anesthetics are marketed in a solution with a pH of ?

Answer 28

5-7

Question 29

Why do we not use multi dose vials for spinal anesthesia?

Answer 29

preservative in them may cause osmotic changes, swelling, and damage to spinal cord

Question 30

vasoconstrictors will decrease

Answer 30

blood flow

Question 31

Bupivacain liposomal 1.3% suspension

Answer 31

colloidal preparation lasts up to 72 hours cannot contact antiseptics should be administered no sooner than after 20 minutes after the injection of lidocaine

Question 32

IV injection of topi vaccine or bupivacaine can lead to ?

Answer 32

seizures, severe cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, or death

Question 33

exogenous lipids provide an alternative source of binding known as ?

Answer 33

the lipid sink effect

Question 34

What are good predictors of success when using lipid therapy?

Answer 34

high lipid partition constant and large volumes of distribution