Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Mental Health > Quiz 4 > Flashcards

Quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are eating disorders?

A

several disruptions in normal eating patterns
high levels of anxiety around eating
altered perceptions of body shape and weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are examples of eating disorders?

A

anorexia nervosa
bulimia nervosa
binge-eating disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What cognitive distortions do eating disorders have?

A

overgeneralization
all or nothing
catastrophizing
personalization
emotional reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define overgeneralization

A

a single event affects unrelated situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define all or nothing thinking

A

absolute and extreme reasoning
black or white / good or bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define catastrophizing

A

consequences are magnified

ex: “If i gain weight, my weekend will be ruined”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define personalization

A

events are overinterpreted as having personal experience

ex: “its all my fault”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define emotional reasoning

A

subjective emotions determine reality

ex: “I feel scared - I’m in danger”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the causes of eating disorders?

A

neurobiological/neuroendocrine models
dysfunctional family
trauma
participation in activity requiring thinness
culture/peer pressures
stressful life transitions
comorbid anxiety disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the hospital admission criteria for someone with an eating disorder?

Physical Criteria

A

(case by case basis)

30% weight loss over 6 months
inability to gain weight
severe hypothermia
HR < 40
Systolic BP < 70 mmHg
Potassium < 3mEq/L
EKG changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the hospital admission criteria for someone with an eating disorder?

Psychiatric Criteria

A

suicide or self mutilation
laxatives, emetics, diuretics, street drugs
abusing OTC drugs = danger to self
failure to adhere to tx
severe depression
psychosis
family crisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the signs of anorexia nervosa?

A

terror of gaining weight
preoccupied with food
views self as fat
handles food peculiarly (pushing pieces around or cutting in small bits)
rigorous exercise regimen
self-induced vomiting
use of laxative or diuretics
cognitive distortions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the medical complications of anorexia nervosa?

A

poor circulation (hypotension/bradycardia)
pallor
palpitations
fainting
dizziness
amenorrhea (no period)
unexplained GI symptoms
cachectic (skin and bones/severely underweight)
lanugo (long peach fuzz - keeps them warm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is screening tool is used during the assessment phase of the nursing process for someone with anorexia nervosa?

A

SCOFF assessment

Sick - do you make yourself sick?
Control - do you fear loss or control over how much you eat?
One stone - has pt lost 14lbs in a 3 month period?
Fat - do you think your fat even if others tell you your too thin?
Food - does food dominate your life?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens if a patient with anorexia nervosa answers yes to 2 questions from the SCOFF assessment?

A

indication of eating disorder

pt sent for further evaluation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What should a nurse do during the assessment phase of the nursing process for someone with anorexia nervosa?

A

check safety
- risk for falls

check level of insight
- ask pt about feelings of weight/eating disorder

check if pt understands disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the outcomes for someone with anorexia nervosa?

A

refrain from self harm
eat 75% of 3 meals per day and 2 snacks
achieve 85-90% of ideal body weight
participate in tx
demonstrate one coping behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What will the nurse implement for someone with anorexia nervosa?

A

weight pt regularly (when they first wake up, after voiding, w/ same clothes)
observe pt eating (to prevent hoarding/disposing)
give pt time frame to eat meal (to prevent procrastination)
consult nutritionist for choice of foods
monitor physiological parameters (to prevent life-threatening effects of weight loss)
assess for suicide
work with pt to identify strengths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are interdisciplinary treatments for anorexia nervosa?

A

CBT
enhanced CBT
dialectical BT
interpersonal psychotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the pharmacological treatments for anorexia nervosa?

A

olanzapine
fluoxetine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why would olanzapine be given for anorexia nervosa?

A

helps with weight gain
changes obsessive thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why would fluoxetine be given for anorexia nervosa?

A

given when weight is stable
treats depression and OCD symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Can it easily be noted if someone has bulimia nervosa? Why?

A

no
bc they may not appear ill emotionally or physically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are signs of bulimia nervosa?

A

happens in private
binge-eating usually after fasting
compensatory behavior (ex: vomiting)
hx of anorexia nervosa
depression, anxiety, compulsivity
problems with relationships, self, and impulsive behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are the medical complications of bulimia nervosa?
at or above ideal body weight enlargement of parotid glands from vomiting dental erosion from vomiting skin problems due to dehydration
26
What is done during the assessment phase of the nursing process for someone with bulimia nervosa?
medical stabilization physical exam/lab testing check for the use of medications/herbs/drugs psych eval check suicide risk/self harm
27
What labs should be checked for someone with bulimia nervosa?
electrolytes glucose thyroid function CBC ECG
28
What are the outcomes for someone with bulimia nervosa?
maintain normal electrolytes stable VS refrain from binge-purge behaviors be free from self-harm demonstrate 2 anxiety reduction techniques name 2 personal strengths
29
What will the nurse implement for someone with bulimia nervosa?
Same as anorexia weight pt regularly observe pt eating and 1-3 hours after observe for compensatory behavior encourage pt to keep a journal assess for suicide
30
What is the interdisciplinary treatment for someone with bulimia nervosa?
psychotherapy
31
What is the pharmacological treatment for bulimia nervosa? Why is it used?
fluoxetine - approved for bulimia - works best w/ therapy - decreases behaviors
32
Describe binge-eating disorder
similar to bulimia nervosa, but no compensatory behaviors used - no vomiting or exercise eats large amount of food in short period, feels guilty after
33
What is done during the evaluation phase of the nursing process for someone with an eating disorder?
disorder can come back due to stress, so it is a constant process of revising goals
34
What are the cognitive domains?
complex attention (attention span) executive functioning (ability to do tasks, decisions, plans) learning and memory language perceptual-motor abilities social cognition
35
What are examples of neurocognitive disorders?
delirium mild neurocognitive disorder major neurocognitive disorder - dementia (subtype: alzheimer's)
36
Describe delirium
secondary to another condition (ex: delirium caused by UTI) complete recovery can occur elderly at greatest risk
37
How should delirium be treated?
treat primary cause first, if not treated can progress to dementia
38
What are risk factors for delirium?
MIND SPACES Medications Infections/illness Number of co-occuring conditions Disorders of substance or alc Surgery Pain (uncontrolled) Age (children/older adults at risk) Cognitive impairment Emotional or mental illness Sleep disturbances
39
How soon can symptoms develop for delirium?
rapidly and can fluctuate start to notice in a day or 2
40
Define sundowning
symptoms of delirium/dementia show @ sunset/evening
41
What are the cognitive symptoms of delirium?
decreased ability to focus decreased orientation to environment memory impairment unable to calculate
42
What are the behavioral symptoms of delirium?
restless anxious motor agitation labile (quick mood changes)
43
What are the perceptual symptoms of delirium?
hallucinations illusions decreased visuospatial ability
44
What is considered to be a medical emergency for someone with delirium?
unstable vital signs
45
What are the three types of delirium?
hyperactive hypoactive mixed
46
Describe hyperactive delirium
restless agitated mood all over the place
47
Describe hypoactive delirium
lethargic/sleepy quietness
48
Describe mixed delirium
switching between hyperactive and hypoactive
49
What is done during the assessment phase of the nursing process for someone with delirium?
assess: cognitive and perceptual disturbances (hallucinations/illusions) mood and behaviors (can change quickly) safety - check VS, pulse ox, LOC - high risk for falls/wandering
50
What is the outcome for someone with delirium?
reversible diagnosis
51
What should a nurse implement for someone with delirium?
provide a safe/therapeutic environment - well lit room - locks @ top of door where they can't reach - room close to nurse's station - reality orientation - have a sitter
52
What will a nurse evaluate for someone with delirium?
- safety - oriented to time, place, and person by discharge - underlying cause of delirium treated - pt returns to permorid level of functioning
53
Describe mild neurocognitive disorder
- modest impairment - symptoms do not interfere w/ independence - greater time/effort required to perform tasks
54
Describe major neurocognitive disorder
substantial impairment symptoms interfere w/ independence dependent on individuals for tasks not easily reversible aka: dementia
55
How quickly does major neurocognitive disorder (dementia) develop?
- develops more slowly than delirium - gradual progressive impairment aka: slow onset
56
What are the causes of major neurocognitive disorder (dementia)?
key factor: age 65+ @ higher risk women familial hx cardiovascular risk factors genetics
57
What is the diagnostic testing for major neurocognitive disorder (dementia)?
no standard single test only screening tools
58
What are the defense mechanisms for neurocognitive disorders?
- denial - confabulation (making up stories to maintain self esteem, not lying ) - preservation (repetition of phrases/behaviors) - avoidance of questions
59
What is done during the assessment phase of the nursing process for someone with dementia?
assess: safety medical conditions neglect/abuse disturbances in executive functioning cognitive impairment
60
Describe cognitive impairment
amnesia: loss of memory aphasia: loss of language ability apraxia: loss of movement agnosia: loss of sensory ability to recognize objects
61
What are the stages of Alzheimer's disease?
stage 1 (mild) - forgetfulness - hard time learning new things stage 2 (moderate) - confusion - hygiene issues stage 3 (mod to sev) - ambulatory dementia - can't recognize ppl, no selfcare stage 4 (late) - end stage - complete regression "infant"
62
What are the outcomes for someone with dementia?
SAFETY - priority pt will: - answer yes or no appropriately to Q's - participate in plan of care - state feeling safe after experiencing delusions - put on own clothes appropriately
63
What will a nurse implement for someone with dementia?
validation therapy (focus on emotions instead of facts) validate the reality empathize help pt connect to feelings reality orientation reminiscence therapy (get pt to talk about their life memories) music therapy sensory interventions
64
What are the pharmacological interventions for mild to moderate Alzheimer's?
galantamine hydrobromide rivastigmine tartrate donepezil (given @ night) does not reverse, only slows down
65
What is the pharmacological intervention for moderate to severe Alzheimer's?
memantine hydrochloride benefits are limited and minimal side effects: dizziness, headache, constipation

Mental Health (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions