Quiz 4

Question 1

Stoics

Answer 1

Stoics acknowledge that people don’t have control over all, or even much, of what happens in life. And they emphasize that worrying about things outside of their control is unproductive, or even irrational to a person who wants to attain tranquility.

Question 2

Epicureans

Answer 2

The Epicureans believed that the highest good is pleasure and that the goal of life is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. However, they also believed that true pleasure comes from living a simple life and avoiding excess. The Epicureans were known for their emphasis on the importance of friendship and their belief that death is nothing to be feared.

Question 3

Skeptics

Answer 3

The Skeptics believed that knowledge is uncertain and that it is impossible to know anything with certainty. They were known for their use of the method of doubt, which involved questioning everything and suspending judgment

Question 4

Cynics

Answer 4

The Cynics believed that the key to happiness is living a simple life in accordance with nature. They rejected material possessions and social conventions and believed that the pursuit of wealth and power was a waste of time

Question 5

Peripatetics

Question 6

Academics

Question 7

individualism

Question 8

akatalepsia

Question 9

apatheia

Question 10

problem of evil

Question 11

logos

Question 12

virtue

Question 13

Plato

Answer 13

• Sought to explain things from the supra-sensual standpoint (FORMS)

Question 14

Aristotle

Answer 14

Preferred to start from the facts given to us by experience

Question 15

Euclid

Answer 15

Euclid: Euclid was a Greek mathematician who lived in Alexandria around 300 BCE. He is best known for his book “Elements,” which is a comprehensive treatise on mathematics and geometry. The book is divided into 13 volumes and covers a wide range of topics, including number theory, plane geometry, and solid geometry

Question 16

Elements

Question 17

Eratosthenes

Answer 17

Eratosthenes: Eratosthenes was a Greek mathematician, geographer, and astronomer who lived in Alexandria around 200 BCE. He is best known for his work on the measurement of the Earth’s circumference

Question 18

Hypsikles

Answer 18

Hypsikles was an ancient Greek mathematician and astronomer who lived in Alexandria around 190-120 BCE. He is known for authoring “On Ascensions” and the Book XIV of Euclid’s Elements. In “On Ascensions,” Hypsikles proves a number of propositions on arithmetical progressions and uses the results to calculate approximate values for the times required for the signs of the zodiac to rise above the horizon

Question 19

Archimedes

Answer 19

Archimedes was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer who lived in Syracuse, Sicily, around 287-212 BCE. He is known for his contributions to mathematics, physics, and engineering, including the principle of buoyancy, the law of the lever, and the invention of the Archimedes screw. Archimedes also made significant contributions to the field of calculus

Question 20

water clock

Answer 20

Water clocks were used in ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, and they were also used in medieval Europe. The water clock works by measuring the amount of water that flows from one container to another over a set period of time.

Question 21

steam engine

Question 22

Herophilius

Answer 22

Herophilius was a Greek physician who lived in Alexandria around 335-280 BCE. He is known for his work on anatomy and physiology, including the discovery of the valves in the veins and the use of dissection to study the human body

Question 23

asclepium

Answer 23

Asclepium was a healing temple in ancient Greece dedicated to the god of medicine, Asclepius. The temple was located in the city of Epidaurus and was one of the most famous healing centers in the ancient world

Question 24

Antikythera device

Question 25

Praxis

Answer 25

Praxis is a term used in philosophy to refer to the practical application of knowledge or theory . It is often contrasted with theory or abstract thought and is used to describe the process of putting ideas into action

Question 26

Axiom

Answer 26

In mathematics, an axiom is a statement that is taken to be true without proof and is used as a basis for further reasoning and deduction

Question 27

dioptra

Answer 27

A dioptra is a surveying instrument used to measure angles and distances. It was invented by the ancient Greeks and was used extensively by the Romans

Question 28

hero

Question 29

Aemilius

Answer 29

Marcus Aemilius Lepidus was a Roman general and statesman who lived from c. 89 BC to late 13 or early 12 BC. He was a key figure in the late Roman Republic and played a major role in the civil wars that led to the end of the Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire

Question 30

Mithradates

Answer 30

Mithridates VI was the ruler of the Kingdom of Pontus in northern Anatolia and one of the Roman Republic’s most formidable and determined opponents. He sought to dominate Asia Minor and the Black Sea region, waging several hard-fought but ultimately unsuccessful wars (the Mithridatic Wars) to break Roman dominion over Asia and the Hellenic world

Question 31

Pontus

Answer 31

Pontus was an ancient kingdom located in what is now Turkey. It was founded by the Persian Empire in the 6th century BCE and was later ruled by the Greeks and the Romans. Pontus was known for its rich natural resources, including timber, iron, and gold.

Question 32

Sulla

Answer 32

Sulla: Sulla was a Roman general and statesman who lived from 138-78 BCE. He was a key figure in the late Roman Republic and played a major role in the civil wars that led to the end of the Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire

Question 33

Freedom of the Greeks

Answer 33

The “Freedom of the Greeks” was a proclamation made by Titus Quinctius Flamininus, a Roman general, at the Isthmian Games in Corinth in 196 BCE. Flamininus declared that the Greek states were free and independent, and he was hailed as a liberator by the Greeks 1

Question 34

Mithridatic Wars

Question 35

Octavian

Question 36

Battle of Orchomenus

Answer 36

Greece back under Roman Rule – Lost all political rights * Treaty of Dardanos – 85 BC – Mithridates had to abandon conquests in Asia Minor * Surrender war ships * Pay indemnity (20-30,000 talents) – Pontus remains Philoromanos * He keeps his empire - CREATED CONDITIONS FOR MORE WARS WITH MITHRIDATES

Question 37

Cleopatra

Question 38

Caesar

Question 39

Pompey

Question 40

Marc Antony

Answer 40

Marcus Antonius, commonly known as Marc Antony, was a Roman general and statesman who lived from 83 BCE to 30 BCE. He was a member of the Second Triumvirate, along with Octavian and Marcus Lepidus. Antony was a successful military commander and was known for his victories in the Gallic Wars and the Parthian Wars. He was also a skilled politician and was elected consul three times. Antony’s relationship with Cleopatra, the queen of Egypt, led to his downfall and defeat at the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE .

Question 41

Battle of Actium

Answer 41

The Battle of Actium was a naval battle fought between the forces of Octavian and the combined forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BCE. The battle took place in the Ionian Sea, near the promontory of Actium in Greece. Octavian’s forces, led by Marcus Agrippa, were victorious, and Antony and Cleopatra were forced to flee to Egypt.