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Quiz 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the purpose of the developmental approach?

A

helps distinguish between normal, delayed, or pathological deficits

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2
Q

What are the critiques of the developmental approach?

A

development is more flexible - it can depend on norms, culture + societal experiences

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3
Q

What are splinter skills?

A

individual may not meet appropriate skill level but contain random advanced skill

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4
Q

What is the focus of the developmental framework?

A

guide for measuring illness effects + setting goals

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5
Q

What is function vs. dysfunction in the developmental approach?

A

function = reaching appropriate milestones

dysfunction = lack of adaptive skills necessary for effective + satisfying interaction w/ environment

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6
Q

How is change and motivation measured in the developmental approach?

A

motivation = nature desire to master age-appropriate skills

OTs can change physical + emotional environment and occupation-based activities

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7
Q

What is group intervention in the developmental approach?

A

organized according to development level, not age (lower vs. higher)

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8
Q

What is the role of the leader in the developmental approach?

A

directive - minimal choices and guidance provided

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of activities in the developmental approach?

A
  • address issues or appropriate skills
  • client input in activity
  • explain stage of development
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10
Q

What happens during the activity in developmental approach?

A

stages of development, client choice, consider life transitions

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11
Q

What is the environment in the developmental approach?

A

supportive, safe, just right challenge, possible homework

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12
Q

What happens during sharing and processing in the developmental approach?

A

self expression, feedback, sharing past experiences

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13
Q

What happens during generalizing and application in the developmental approach?

A

predictable, focus on application

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14
Q

What is the behavioral cognitive approach?

A

cognitive FOR -> learning theory + behaviorism

behavioral concepts -> conditioning, modeling, reinforcement

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the behavioral cognitive approach?

A

behavioral -> learning or changing performance patterns

cognitive behavioral -> facilitate self control + management, learning theories to support performance skills

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16
Q

What are behavioral goals and objectives?

A

observable, measurable + collaborative

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17
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

Pavlov dog experiment - learned behavior

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18
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

Skinner - reinforced behavior becomes repeated, discouraged behavior becomes extinct

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19
Q

How are habits developed?

A

operant conditioning - rewarded behaviors until reward is not needed, predictable responses that free up energy for challenges

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20
Q

What is shaping and chaining?

A

reinforce each step of a sequence until entire task is learned

chaining - learn in specific order so each action serves as stimulus to provoke next action

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21
Q

What are the kinds of reinforcement?

A

positive - something is provided

negative - something is removed

external - desirable to individual

internal - self produced

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22
Q

What are the levels of reinforcers?

A

initial - physical (ex. candy)

symbolic - anger

social contract - role dependent (ex. marriage)

personal satisfaction

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23
Q

What is rehearse, practice, and role playing?

A

rehearse variety of contexts + practice skills over range of possible applications; role playing provide practice + rehearsal

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24
Q

What are the goals of role playing?

A

develop insight + empathy, anticipate consequences, decrease anxiety

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25
What are the 4 parts of role play?
define problem, assume roles, enactment, discussion
26
What is biofeedback?
monitoring bodily functions w/ stress management techniques
27
What is systematic desensitization?
visualizing + guided fantasy - successful for phobias but not addiction
28
What is function vs. dysfunction in the behavioral cognitive approach?
function = info processed correctly + generalized, think logically to form accurate perceptions dysfunction = inaccurate self-perception + faulty thinking
29
What is change and motivation in the behavioral cognitive approach?
motivation = reinforcement change thinking
30
What is group intervention in the behavioral cognitive approach?
very goal directed, homogenous, teach skill, practice, receive feedback
31
What is a cognitive rehab group?
addresses deficit areas (attention, neglect, visual, EF, motor, etc.)
32
What is a psychoeducational group?
skill training w/ OT role as educator (independent living, personal care, money management, coping, impulse control, etc.)
33
What is a dialectical behavior therapy group?
psychosocial skill training (emotion regulation, mindfulness, etc.)
34
What is core mindfulness?
teaches mind to focus, pay attention, refrain from emotional response and making quick judgements, etc. strategies = writing
35
What is interpersonal effectiveness?
goal is to keep good relationships (negotiating, expression, reciprocation, etc.)
36
What is emotional regulation?
building positive experiences
37
What is distress tolerance?
techniques for critical survival (self-soothing, distraction, etc.)
38
What is the role of the leader in a cognitive behavioral group?
directive + active (assisting, providing cues, chooses activity)
39
What are the goals of a cognitive behavioral group?
observable + measurable, limited choices, meaningful tasks ex. journaling, visualizing, role playing
40
What is the process of a cognitive behavioral group?
intro - no warm up, expectations, define problem, goal set activity - short instructions/lecture, opportunity for practice sharing - share item made, feedback, discussion processing - between leader + individual generalizing - principles learned application - community level, everyday life
41
What are the 3 sub-systems in MOHO?
volition, habituation, performance capacity
42
What are the influences of environment in MOHO?
opportunities, resources, demands, constraints
43
What is an example of a MOHO group intervention?
exploratory exercise group
44
What is function vs. dysfunction in MOHO?
function = participation in occupation dysfunction = occupational adaptation is threatened
45
What is change and motivation?
restructure routines, reestablish occupational adaptation, motivation
46
What is the group structure and limitations for MOHO?
disregard diagnosis + focus on client roles
47
What is the role of the OT in MOHO?
advisor + collaborator, provide support to elicit adaption, facilitate
48
What is the goal of a MOHO group?
facilitate occupational adaptation
49
What is the main focus of EHP?
context - personal, cultural, temporal, virtual
50
What are the constructs of EHP?
person, task, context, performance
51
What are the 5 basic assumptions of EHP?
- understand background - environment is a major factor - promotes self determination - occupational performance is ongoing - independence occurs when needs are satisfied
52
What is function vs. dysfunction in EHP?
function = range of tasks dysfunction = mismatch person, contexts and tasks
53
What is change and motivation in EHP?
motivation = interest in doing tasks change = address personal attributes, context and environment for each task
54
What is group intervention in EHP?
client-centered eval to determine preferences + priorities
55
What is the role of the leader in EHP?
varies (directive, facilitative, advisory)
56
What is occupational adaptation?
holistic, client-focused, therapeutic use of self
57
What are the 3 basic assumptions of OA?
- people have internal desire for mastery - environments + context influence occupational performance - demand for mastery over environment
58
What is function vs dysfunction in OA?
function = adaptation to internal + external demands dysfunction = ability to adapt has been challenged
59
What is change and motivation in OA?
motivation - desire, press, and demand of mastery (efficiency, effectiveness + satisfaction for self and others)
60
What is group intervention in OA?
contains roles
61
What is the role of the leader in OA?
facilitator - concrete end product, feedback, just right challenge, desired roles
62
What are the groups goals of OA?
improve adaptiveness (readiness + engagement in occupations)
63
What are the basic assumptions of the PEOP model?
person, environment, occupation, occupational performance
64
What is function vs. dysfunction in PEOP?
function = perform social roles + meaningful occupations dysfunction = deficits in abilities + environmental barriers
65
What is change and motivation in PEOP?
intrinsic need for involvement, expression, skill development + enjoyment (self efficacy, client-centered, choice making)
66
What are some PEOP group interventions?
occupational focus, client-centered, evidence-based, cultural sensitivity, etc.
67
What is the group focus in PEOP?
occupational performance: - maintain health + fitness - maintain cognition - increase motivation
68
What is the group structure in PEOP?
common roles + meaningful activities
69
What is the role of the OT in PEOP?
facilitate problem-solving, organize tasks
70
What is the Kawa model?
people inseparable from collective social groups; occupations inseparable from natural + spiritual context
71
What are the basic assumptions of the Kawa model?
- occupation inseparable from nature - individual's occupational abilities become responsibility of group - perceptions + opinions heard w/i group accepted or rejected
72
What are the elements of the Kawa model?
water = life rocks = problems driftwood = personal assets riverbed = environment spaces = OT intervention
73
What is function vs. dysfunction in the Kawa model?
function = finding ways to yield nature + find ways to live in harmony
74
What is change and motivation in the Kawa model?
motivation - need to be accepted + belong method for change - occupations
75
What is group intervention in the Kawa model?
drawing river + elements
76
What is the group structure in the Kawa model?
based on commonality
77
What is the role of the leader in the Kawa model?
directive, educator, facilitate
78
What are the group goals in the Kawa model?
social skills, communication, learn about resources
79
What are the group leadership guidelines for occupation based models?
intro - greeting, purpose, optional warm up activity - meaningful, role focused generalizing + application - how activity relates to roles of members summary - review purpose, goals, focus on achievements

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