Quiz 4 Flashcards
The Gestalt approach to object perception suggested that perception is largely the result of __________ perceptual organization.
top-down
Gestalt principles are most consistent with which of Marr’s levels of analysis?
algorithmic
You are watching the movie Guardians of the Galaxy in the theater, amazed at the graphics and high-resolution motion on the screen. You yell “Eureka!” as you suddenly have the epiphany that your perception of the motion on screen is an example of ____________. You try to share this insight with others in the theater, but they tell you to shut up.
apparent motion
A study discussed in class demonstrated that V1 neurons in the visual cortex of monkeys can respond in a way predicted by Gestalt grouping principles. This implementational study demonstrated an example of ___________________, where stimuli outside of a neuron’s usual receptive field can affect neural firing.
contextual modulation
You are sitting in your car, preparing to back-up out of your parking spot. You look over your shoulder and suddenly see that your car is moving forward. You hit the brakes, but then notice that your car wasn’t moving at all. Instead, the car next to you is backing-up and you mistakenly thought you were moving forward. You realize that the perception of your car moving forward was an example of:
Induced motion
You walk into an unfamiliar room just as the lights go out. The room was cluttered, but from your brief glimpse, you believe that a painting in a big square frame was hanging on the opposite wall. You have no idea what was in the painting – only that it was in a square frame. What physical regularity most likely allowed you to quickly spot the painting?
Oblique effect
Recognition-by-components theory uses volumetric features as the basic building blocks for recognizing complex objects. This approach was suggested as useful for overcoming which “hard” problems in object perception? [Mark all that apply.]
viewpoint invariance Objects are often occluded
In lecture, we discussed a number of ways in which a person can quickly get the gist of a briefly presented scene. For example, we use _______________ regularities, which focus on the characteristics associated with the functions of scenes, rather than just the observable properties of the scene as a whole.
semantic
As you relax on the beach, you spot David Beckham running down the beach and track him through your sunglasses.
The comparator only receives a CDS, but not an IDS
As you relax on the beach, you spot Jessica Alba walking her dog down the beach. You don’t have your sunglasses on, so you choose not to track her moving and just look ahead as she passes your line of sight.
the comparator only receives an IDS, but not a CDS.
As you relax on the beach, you look into the sky and notice that there must not be any wind, as the clouds in the sky appear not to be moving at all as you scan the sky with your eyes.
The comparator receives both an IDS and a CDS.
As you stare in the sky and wonder why so many famous people are at the beach today, the sun leaves an after-image in your eyes. As you blink and turn your eyes away, the spot in your eyes keeps moving around in your vision.
The comparator only receives a CDS, but not an IDS.
According to the corollary discharge theory, if you were to visually track a person walking across the room, you perceive movement because the comparator is getting ___________________.
only a CDS
“Real-movement neurons” found throughout the dorsal pathway (in monkeys) are thought to correspond best to _____________.
image displacement signals
1) proximity
2) common region
3) uniform connectedness
