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Human Storyteller - COM 101 > Quiz 5 > Flashcards

Quiz 5 Flashcards

Journalism Introduction

1
Q

Purpose of Journalism

A
  • inform
  • reveal
  • hold the powerful to account
  • without fear or failure
  • give voice to the voiceless
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2
Q

HAMAS/Israel War on Journalists

A

123 PAL journalist/media workers + 3 Lebanese killed while covering Gaza

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3
Q

How many journalists globally were killed

A

2353 media workers and journalists

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4
Q

How many globally imprisoned Journalists

A

320 (67 still missing)

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5
Q

Examples of imprisoned Journalists

A
  1. Evan Gershkovich –> Russia + accused on being a spy
  2. Truong Huy San –> Vietnam + say to be infringing on states interest
  3. Novaya Gazeta (Russia) closed/censored alongside other Russian publications
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6
Q

How many US journalists killed?

A

75

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7
Q

Killed US Journalists Examples

A
  1. Jeff German –> Las Vegas Review was stabbed for doing pieces exposing higher up
  2. The Capitol staff was shot in their office due to a story
  3. Dylan Colby Lyons –> FL was shot while covering a homicide in 2023
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8
Q

How do we unearth the truth + facts

A

When, where, what, who, why, how?

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9
Q

how many people have been shot or killed by the police in the last 12 months

A

1167

black ppl are killed at a rate 2x higher than white people

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10
Q

the first amendment

A

freedom of speech/press/expression

no censorship by the government

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11
Q

Thomas Jefferson quote

A

“I would rather have newspapers with no government than a government without newspapers”

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12
Q

Ida B. Wells

A
  • Black journalist who was born into slavery
    Investigative journalist on racial injustice
  • Lynching
    Inequality
  • Experienced white backlash/censorship
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13
Q

Upton Sinclair

A

Muckraker journalism (exposing systems/reform-minded)
- wrote “The Jungle” –> exposed poor labor conditions in the meat packing industry
- caused the passing of the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug act in 1906

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14
Q

Nick Ut

A
  • Vietnamese American photojournalist
  • Captured one of the most iconic images from the Vietnam war –> terrorized children, burned off clothes
  • Galvanized the anti-war movement
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15
Q

Journalism is often referred to as…

A
  • the first rough draft of history
  • a front row seat to history
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16
Q

BU COM Alumni

A
  1. Jessica Rinaldi (Cuba/Natural disaster PP)
  2. Kimbriell Kelly (Washington Post PP)
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17
Q

Who are the media?

A

80,000 in broadcast, online, print, or radio
- not owned, licensed, or controlled by govt
- different business models–profit and non-profit

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18
Q

what is the job of journalists?

A
  • report what we can observe or verify from reputable sources
  • put information into context
  • bear witness, serve as watchdogs, illuminate and explain
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19
Q

why do we do the work?

A
  • it is a calling
  • to defend democracy
  • to enable the public to make informed decisions
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20
Q

guiding principles?

A
  • truth and accuracy
  • independence
  • fairness and impartiality
  • accountability and thoroughness
  • humanity/empathetic
  • be compelling
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21
Q

Acta Diurna

A

the earliest known written news sheet that is Latin for “daily news”

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22
Q

Publick Occurrences

A

1690 = FIRST North American newspaper by Boston printer Benjamin Harris
- anti-British and local minister so it was banned after 1 issue

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23
Q

First regularly appearing newspaper in the colonies

A

the Boston News-Letter
1704
John Campbell

24
Q

The Courant

A

1721
Benjamin Franklin
Interested ordinary readers

25
1733
the New York Weekly Journal
26
Zenger Case
The Journal by John Peter Zenger - politically anti-British articles - seditious libel charges/accounts were cleared in 1735 court preventing govt censorship
27
Daily Paper types
Political - partisan press that pushed political groups (editorials) Commercial - served business leaders and economic issues (business section) - confined readership (wealthy, educated)
28
Penny press era
1830s (industrial revolution) - cheaper machine-made paper - growing literacy and middle class made the press inclusive 4000 newspapers an hour
29
Example of Penny Press Era
Benjamin Day and the New York Sun "shines for all" only 1 penny - fabricated events like the great moon hoax of 1835
30
Newsies
the kids that would distribute papers...they had to often times buy what they couldn't sell
31
Associated Press
1848 - 6 NY presses merged together and Founded AP - Wire services
32
Wire services
commercial organizations that relayed news stories and information around the globe using telegraph and later radio/digital transmissions
33
Yellow Journalism
1800s Sensationalist in depth "detective/investigative" stories watchdogs Ex: Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst's - Control of the yellow kid cartoon
34
Joseph Pulitzer
- Bought the bankrupted St louis Dispatch and merged it with the post - bought New York Wold in 1883 and was more progressive
35
New York World
- Nellie Bly --> asylum girl that helped make room for female journalists - advice and womens pages - 1883 Pulitizer buys it
36
William Randolph Hearst
San Fran Examiner Dad = senator ($$$) Sensational stories with Bold headlines that often faked content and encouraged conflict
37
Postal Act of 1879
Lowered postage rates for magazines - lowered distribution costs increasing distribution - Imagined communities
38
Imagined communities
Members of a social constructed group rather than as individuals with only local or regional identities
39
Muckrakers
Complexity of America (immigration/urbanization) Journalists willing to crawl through societies muck to uncover a story
40
Photojournalism and General Interest magazine examples
- Saturday Evening Post (x) - Readers digest (x) - Time magazine - Life magazine (x)
41
What caused the down fall of general interest magazines?
1950s 1. Television 2. Postal rates (heightened)
42
LIFE magazine
- pass along readership –> the total number of ppl who come into contact with a single copy of a magazine - Margaret Bourke-White –> first female to correspondent to fly combat missions in WW2 - Gordon Parks –> hollHywood Black film director
43
Edward Murrow
Stecado tone captured the WW2 bombing, intervieweed survivors 1st to visit concentration camp (gukenval)
44
Psi Kirsh
Looked into US Solider violence in Vietnam and discovered a military cover-up of the Milai massacre
45
News is...
relevant, timely, verified information (facts) present in context - significant change - noteworthy - novel
46
Changing public policy
1. Samuel Hopkins Adams and Upton Sinclair (unsafe food) 2. Jacob Riis and Lewis Hine (child labor) 3. Spotlight Boston and sexually assault by priests
47
is it newsworthy?
timeliness significance proximity prominence conflict/tension
48
elements of a news story
1. facts --> verified from credible source 2. context --> broader story 3. voices --> who to quotes povs 4. structure
49
2 basic kinds of news storys
hard news and features
50
hard news
tell the audience quickly and clearly what happened and why - vital facts delivered first + fast - immediate deadlines - lede - breaking news - disspassionate tone - inverted pyramid
51
feature
use more narrative storytelling that draws in the reader - gently - narrative - entice reader - not published immediately
52
bringing stories to life
- idea - research - interviews - write/produce - edit + fact-check - publish
53
plagiarize
copy someone's writing
54
fabricate
invent facts or quotes
55
how to fix a mistake
1. tell your editor immediately 2. run a correction in the same place as the original report 3. apologize sincerely 4. do everything in you can to make sure it never happens again
56
if you make a mistake...(what could be the effect)
1. news org's rep will decline 2. potentially unsafe public conditions 3. you can get fired (forced to resign) and sued for millions
57
scoop
editors are happy when er break stories that are concealed and controversial - Bernstein + Woodward on Nixon and watergate - publish as soon as possible but be careful with the reliability of sources

Human Storyteller - COM 101 (11 decks)

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