Quiz 5 - Macromolecules - Nov 11

Question 1

What element is the base for all life?

Answer 1

carbon

Question 2

What is the valence of carbon?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

Answer 3

4

Question 4

What is the octet rule?

Answer 4

The rule that when molecules are bonded the atoms want to have 8 valence electrons (except hydrogen)

Question 5

What are a lone pair of electrons?

Answer 5

electrons that aren’t shared

Question 6

What are the 4 main ways a carbon molecule can be structured?

Answer 6

straight chain, branched chain, ring chain or buky ball

Question 7

Definition of macromolecule

Answer 7

carbon-based molecules made of monomers bonded together

Question 8

What is another name for macromolecule?

Answer 8

biomolecule

Question 9

What are the 4 types of macromolecules?

Answer 9

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids

Question 10

What is dehydration synthesis?

Answer 10

The process of removing water from two monomers to bond them

Question 11

What is hydrolysis?

Answer 11

The process of adding water to separate a polymer into multiple monomers

Question 12

What type of carbohydrates are in plant cells walls?

Answer 12

cellulose

Question 13

What are the 3 elements in a carbohydrate?

Answer 13

carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Question 14

What is the C:H:O ratio in carbohydrates

Answer 14

1:2:1

Question 15

What is the main purpose of carbohydrates?

Answer 15

quick and short term storage and energy

Question 16

What shape are carbohydrate molecules?

Answer 16

hexagonal

Question 17

What does monosaccharide mean?

Answer 17

one sugar unit

Question 18

What does disaccharide mean

Answer 18

two sugar unit

Question 19

What does polysaccharide mean?

Answer 19

many sugar units, complex carbs

Question 20

What elements are lipids made of?

Answer 20

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 21

What is the C:H:O ratio in lipids?

Answer 21

there is no ratio

Question 22

Which element is low in lipids?

Answer 22

oxygen

Question 23

Does lipids or carbohydrates have more energy?

Answer 23

lipids

Question 24

What are the functions of lipids?

Answer 24

long term energy storage
make up cell membranes
hormones
protection

Question 25

What is special about lipids?

Answer 25

they are not soluble bc they are not polar

Question 26

What are fats/triglycerides made of?

Answer 26

1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 27

What makes a fatty acid saturated?

Answer 27

it has no double bonds and goes straight

Question 28

What makes a fatty acid unsaturated?

Answer 28

it has a double bond and bends

Question 29

What elements are proteins made of?

Answer 29

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur

Question 30

What are proteins also known as?

Answer 30

polypeptides

Question 31

What is a peptide bond?

Answer 31

bond between a carbon and nitrogen

Question 32

How many types of amino acids are there?

Answer 32

20

Question 33

What is the monomer of protein?

Answer 33

amino acids

Question 34

What are the 5 sections of an amino acid?

Answer 34

amino group, hydrogen, central carbon, carboxyl group, and r group/side chain/variant

Question 35

What characterizes the amino group in an amino acid?

Answer 35

has the nitrogen

Question 36

What categorizes the carboxyl group in an amino acid?

Answer 36

it has the carbon double bond

Question 37

What are functions of proteins?

Answer 37

antibodies muscle enzymes hormones structural storage transport

Question 38

What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

Answer 38

nucleotide

Question 39

examples of nucleotides

Answer 39

phosphate group, pentose sugar and nitrogenous base

Question 40

what elements are in nucleic acids

Answer 40

carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and phosphorus

Question 41

what is the function of rna

Answer 41

building protiens

Question 42

what nitrogenous base is only in dna

Answer 42

thymine

Question 43

what nitrogenous base is only in rna

Answer 43

uracil

Question 44

what do a lot of nitrogenous bases end in?

Answer 44

-ine

Question 45

what does DNA stand for

Answer 45

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 46

what rna stand for

Answer 46

ribonucleic acid