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Clinical medicine HEENT > Final Part > Flashcards

Final Part Flashcards

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1
Q

glands involved in sialothiasis

A

submandibular, sublingual, parotid
-submandibular is the most common bc the gland is long and the flow of the saliva

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2
Q

sialolithiasis presentation

A

pain and swelling but can be painless
-pain with eating
-stone can be seen at the opening of the affected gland and can also be palpates along the course of the duct

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3
Q

when to be concerned about malignancy for sialolithiasis

A

-solid lesion on imaging
-cystic/ soft on palpation would be benign

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4
Q

acute bacterial sialadenitis

A

suppurative sialadenitis that is most common at parrots gland and by s.aur

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5
Q

acute bacterial sialadenitis s+s

A

-pain and swelling with meals
-tenderness and erythema of duct opening
*pus

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6
Q

how ever will we treat acute bacterial sialadenitis

A

incision and antibiotics

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7
Q

salivary gland tumor locations

A

parotid gland MC

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8
Q

pleomorphic adenoma

A

benign salivary tumor

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9
Q

mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma

A

malignant salivary gland tumor

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10
Q

viruses that give u risk of salivary gland tumor oh no

A

EBV, HIV, HPV

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11
Q

criteria for abnormal lymph node

A

bigger than 1.5 cm with decreased motility with a firm rubber feel
-can be parotid or thyroid gland tumor

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12
Q

age above 40

A

more likely that a neck mass would be malignant not inflammatory

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13
Q

what if you have a mass chilling for years not changing

A

benign, watch for the fast changing ones

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14
Q

what if the mass fluctuates a lot

A

congenital that fluctuates with infections

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15
Q

ddx for a nodal neck mass in adults

A

nodal metastasis from HPV thAT is causing oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

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16
Q

what causes pain from neck mass

A

the growth of the mass or neural invasion

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17
Q

night sweats and fever

A

lymphoma

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18
Q

spiking fever alone

A

acute infection

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19
Q

other causes of neck masses

A

hematoma, av fistula, pseudo aneurysm

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20
Q

what to look for when pt has a neck lump

A

skin lesions that could indicate squamous cell carcinoma/ malignant melanoma orrr kitty cat scratch disease

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21
Q

red flag of a neck lump

Study These Flashcards
A

facial nerve weakness bc that could be a parotid gland tumor
-this is an aggressive cancer
-check forehead, cheek and chin trigeminal nerves

22
Q

characteristics of an infected lump

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A

warm, tender, erythematous

23
Q

what is the mass moves from side to side NOT arriba y abajo

Study These Flashcards
A

it has invaded the carotid sheath
-this can be carotid body tumor or vagal schwannoma

24
Q

what is the lump moves with swallowing

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A

thyroglossal duct cyst or thyroid tumor

25
where will lateral neck masses be and what are they
on the sternocleidomastoid muscle -could be cyst, sinus or fistula -can be brachial anomaly (congenital) -they are soft, painless and slow to grow
26
MC causes of infectious neck masses
-mumps, toxoplasmosis, coccidiodymcosis
27
Lyme s+S
facial paralysis, synesthesias, dyspepsia cranial neuropathy -cervial lymphadenopathy, headache, pain
28
kitty cat scratch pathogen
rochalimaea henselae (gram neg rod)
29
cat presentation
local papule, pustule, vesicle on top scratch
30
cat tests
skin test with antigen (hanger-rose), anti-bartonella henselae ism titler, biopsy for pleomorphic intracellular rods and warthog starry silver impregnation stain
31
cat complications and tx
-rare: near, liver, spleen, bone, skin -spontaneously resolves
32
thyroglossal duct cyst cause
due to the remnants of the epithelial thyroglossal tract bc it did not close/ develop in feet -at midline of neck @ thyroid
33
types of congenital masses
-thyroglossal cyst, brachial cleft or fistula, dermoid cyst, lymphangioma, congenital toricollis (rare), teratoma (rare), thymic mass (rare)
34
how to see thyroglossal duct cyst
-mri or ct or us -dye the track with fitulography
35
lymphangioma
malformation of the lymph system that needs surgery, sclerotherapy, laser therapy or retreofrequency ablation
36
toricollis
postural neck deformity that causes lateral neck flexion and neck rotation, the chin is pointed to the other side
37
que is the result of thymic tissue implantation during the embryologic descent
thyme mass -normally midline
38
types of metabolic masses
gout, sarcoidosis, Kimora disease (chronic inflammation involving subcutaneous tissue) and castleman disease (lymphoproliferative disorder)
39
teratoma
-from pluropotential cells and involves all 3 germ layers encapsulated with a cyst component *this is a malignancy
40
brachial cleft cysts
congenital epithelial cyst at the lateral part of the neck due to a failure to obliterate the second brachial cleft during development or trauma
41
brachial cleft cysts s+s
anterior and upper neck swelling to sternocleidomastoid -can have a fistula that is open to the skin -surgery has risks
42
dermoid cyst caused
by entrapment of the epithelium in deeper tissue during development or trauma -nontender, midline
43
hodge lymphoma
younger 15 ot 24, neck, axilla, chest MC, reed sterner cell, one of the most treatable cancers
44
nonhodhge lymphoma
60s and up, lymph nodes throughout the body, dx typically at later stage
45
lymphoma s+s
painless lymph node swelling at armpit, groin -fever, fatigue, sob, weight loss
46
viral sialadenitis
-mc: mumps, can also be abc, coxsackie, influence a, echovirus
47
viral siadelitithis s+s
acute pain, swelling @ one or both parotid glands with a non specific prodrome -feverm malaise, headache, anorexia within 48 hours of parotitis)
48
HIV red flag
can be asymptomatic with non painful swelling if they have viral siadalithesis
49
tb
chronic contender swelling of one parotid gland or a lump in the gland -might or might not have tb s+s
50
sjorn s+s
recurrent or chronic swelling one or both parotid glands with no apparent cause noted -autoimmune -discomfort, dry eyes and mouth
51
central neck masses
mc: thyroglossal duct cyst -hyoid bone -cyst and thyroid carcinoma -thymic rests and dermoids

Clinical medicine HEENT (10 decks)

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