Quiz 6: Photsyn/ Respiration

Question 1

T or F , both plants and humans respire and photosynthesize

Answer 1

false; only plants

Question 2

autotroph

Answer 2

organism that can synthesize their own food from non-living compounds

Question 3

heterotroph

Answer 3

organism that must consume food that is ready made

Question 4

describe formula cellular respiration

Answer 4

chemical breakdown of food substances, resulting in libration of energy
C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)
* consume O and release CO2 and energy

Question 5

where does cellular respiration take place

Answer 5

mitochondria

Question 6

what is optimum temp for respiration ?

Answer 6

0 - 45 C

Question 7

describe cellular respiration

Answer 7

transformation chemical energy in food into chemical energy cells can use aka ATP

Question 8

t or f : respiration increases during flowering stage

Answer 8

true

Question 9

t or f respiration is less significant in woody than herbaceous plants

Answer 9

true

Question 10

describe photosynthesis

Answer 10

process in which light energy is used to form food from CO2 and water

Question 11

where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 11

chloroplasts (plastid)

Question 12

describe chemical reaction of photosynthesis

Answer 12

6H2O + 6CO2 +energy (sunlight) –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 13

what chemical formula of carbohydrates

Answer 13

C6H12O6

Question 14

how is CHO used by plants?

Answer 14

1. source immed energy to function, grow, reproduce
2. energy reserves ex before winter
3. formation of plant tissues ; sugars transformed to proteins, lipids, produce leaves, wood ect

Question 15

what factors influence photosynthesis

Answer 15

1. temperature: stops below 0C
2. Concentration of CO2 in air ; more CO2 in air = more photo.
3. intense light; more light= more photo.
4. leaf surface area exposed to light ex. lower leaves thinner and longer
5. availability of water in soil

Question 16

what is optimum temp for photosynthesis

Answer 16

20 -35C

Question 17

what are 2 stages of photosynthesis

Answer 17

1. light dependent reaction: captures energy in light and uses to split H2O and make ATP and NADPH
2. Calvin cycles : captures CO2 and uses products of light reaction to produce CHO

Question 18

describe carbon fixation, when does it occur

Answer 18

Calvin cycle; ATP & NADPH generated in first step used to take CO2 and break apart, reassemble carbons into glucose
ie take carbon from inorganic molecule and make organic

Question 19

what is light

Answer 19

energy in form of electric and magnetic fields (electromagentic radiation)

Question 20

what light wave does plants relfect ie not absorb

Answer 20

green ( 500-550 nm)

Question 21

why are plants green

Answer 21

photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll reflects green and yellow wavelengths

Question 22

what are the 4 photosynthetic pigments and where are they found

Answer 22

1. chlorophyll a - green chloroplasts
2. chlorophyll b- green chloroplasts
3. carotene- orange yellow - chromoplasts
4. xanthophylls yellow to colourless chromoplasts

Question 23

what is a non photosyntehtic pigment

Answer 23

anthocyanin - purple red, vacuole

Question 24

why can wee see fall colour?

Answer 24

lack of chlorophyll, can now see other pigments

Question 25

when is artificial illumination effective?

Answer 25

- must provide blue and red wavelengths absorbed by chloroplast pigments

Question 26

what is osmosis

Answer 26

movement of water from an area of high concentration to low across a semi permeable membrane (cell wall)

Question 27

what are plant cells largely composed of

Answer 27

- high concentration salts, sugars , low concentration water molecules

Question 28

what are soil particles largely composed of

Answer 28

- high concentration water, low of other solutes

Question 29

what is chemical formula of table salt

Answer 29

NaCl

Question 30

t or f when cell is turgid water uptake stops

Answer 30

false; just slows

Question 31

what is plasmolysis

Answer 31

loosening of the cytoplasm: reverse pathway of osmosis -occurs in high salt soils -soil will have a higher salt content than plants so water will move out of plant cells to soil

Question 32

what is transpiration

Answer 32

loss of water vapour from plant mostly through stoma

Question 33

how is water pulled up the xylem

Answer 33

- water polar molecule - capillary action and polarity combine to pull water up xylem columns - water forms unbroken chain; as one water molecule leaves leaf another is pulled up

Question 34

what factors affect transpiration?

Answer 34

1. temperature: increases as temp increases ( causes plants to open stoma) 2. relative humidity: transpiration decrease as humidity increases 3. win and air movement: increased air movement = increased trans. 4. soil moisture availability: trans. decrease as soil water decreases 5. type of plants